Advanced Materials Research Vols. 726-731

Abstract: In order to screen out the optimum varieties of sweet sorghum to be planted in Yellow River Delta, the agronomy characters of different varieties (strains) of sweet sorghum including jitianza 1 (JZ1), jitianza 2 (JZ2), jitianza 3 (JZ3), jitianza 4 (JZ4), liaosiza 1 (LSZ1), liaotian 1 (LT1), liaotian 3 (LT3), liaotian 6 (LT6) planted in the saline soil of Yellow River Delta were analyzed; Further more, the effect of different sowing time on the agronomy characters of sweet sorghum was explored with JZ2. The study provided bases for the cultivation of sweet sorghum in saline-alkali soil of Yellow River Delta in order to transform the biomass into bio-energy such as fuel alcohol.

Abstract: In this study, alfalfa protein modified by sodium hydroxide was used to prepare adhesive. The effect on the bonding property by adding different amount of sodium hydroxide was discussed. The upper limit using temperature of alfalfa protein-based adhesive was increased and its bonding property was improved after the protein modified by sodium hydroxide. The adhesive prepared by alfalfa protein modified by 6% sodium hydroxide had the best bonding strength of 2.5MPa.

Abstract: We reported a facile one-step electrochemical method to synthesize composites of polydopamine (PDA) and Pt nanoparticles (PtNs) at the glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The electrochemical behavior of the obtained platform towards electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose in alkaline solution was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The response current of the resultant sensor is linear to glucose concentration in the range of 0.1- 30.0 mM with a low detection limit of 1.0 μM (S/N=3). The proposed sensor with excellent sensitivity and selectivity also allows for detection of glucose in human serum samples.

Abstract: NO_x is one of the most serious atmosphere pollutants, and how to control and remove NO_x is the hot research in the environmental field all over the world. SCR is considered as one of the most effective denitration methods at present. In SCR technology, catalyst is the core of the SCR system, and the performance of SCR catalyst mainly depends on the active component and catalyst support. Catalyst support can not only affect the choice of the active material and the catalyst promoter, but also affect the flue gas denitration efficiency. This paper mainly introduces four kinds of SCR catalyst supports: TiO₂, Al₂O₃, activated carbon and activated carbon fiber and ZSM-5 zeolite. The performance of the four types of catalyst supports are compared, and SCR activity test of Mn-Ce supported and V₂O₅ supported on different catalyst supports are conducted respectively. Finally, for Mn-Ce supported and V₂O₅ supported catalysts, this paper puts forward that TiO₂ is the most widely used and effective catalyst support.

Abstract: Cd accumulation characteristic of 8 Chinese cabbage cultivars was evaluated to screen Chinese cabbage cultivars with low-level Cd accumulation. The results showed that significant differences (P<0.05) in Cd content, bioaccumulation factors (BFs) and translocation factors (TFs) were found among the 8 cultivars Chinese Cabbages. The levels of Cd accumulation by Beijingxin3 and Dongbao were less than 0.5 mg · kg^-1, and their BFs and TFs were lower than 1. This indicated that these two cultivars had the low-level Cd accumulation potential and could be recommended for cultivation in areas mildly polluted with Cd. Although the level of Cd accumulation by Qiumei also was less than 0.5 mg · kg^-1, the TF was higher than 1. So, the Qiumei cultivar could be planted in the renovation process of contaminated soils.

Abstract: In this study, algicidal effects of an algicidal bacterium, strain TL, on Microcystis aeruginosa were studied. The results demonstrate that the bacteria-algae ratio had a significant impact on algicidal effects. Illumination conditions affected the algicidal effects of TL as well. In illumination and darkness cycling, the optimum algicidal effects were realized. Algicidal mechanism of TL was further studied. TL may kill algae through the secretion of certain extracellular nonprotein substance. This research may provide technical basis for biological algae control of Microcystis aeruginosa.

Abstract: Allelopathic effects of dried macroalga Ulva pertusa (Chlorophyta) on photosynthesis of the microalgae Skeletonema costatum (Bacillariophyta) were evaluated using coexistence culture systems. S. costatum was cultured with different biomass of dried U. pertusa under controlled laboratory conditions for three days. The chlorophyll a (Chl a) fluorescence transient O-J-I-P curve coupled with its specific parameters in S. costatum was established. The oxygen evolution rate was measured, the Chl a fluorescence transients were recorded in vivo at high time resolution and analyzed according to the JIP-test which can quantify photosystem II activity. A clear dose-dependent relationships were observed between the dried biomass of U. pertusa and its inhibitory effect on S. costatum. The rate of light-saturated maximum photosynthetic oxygen evolution (P_max) was markedly decreased by different biomass of dried U. pertusa, while dark respiration rate (R_d) was increased. A decrease in the O-J-I-P curve expressed as Chl a fluorescence intensity along with its specific parameters were observed, which was also time-dependent. The main photosynthetic inhibitory targets of the macroalga on the microalga, according to oxygen evolution rate and the JIP-test, can be expressed as, the damage to the oxygen-evolving complex, a decrease in the number of active reaction centers and the blocking of the electron transport chain. The results of the present study suggest that dried fragments of U. pertusa effectively inhibit photosynthesis in S. costatum.

Abstract: To compare the difference bacterial diversity between Jianghan plain and Datong basin. The high arsenic sediment samples in this study were collected from different depths of borehole. The bacterial diversity in high arsenic aquifer sediments was studied by 16S rDNA clone library. The dominant bacterial community included Burkholderiales, Pseudomonadales, and Enterobacteriales in Jianghan plain, and Burkholderiales, Enterobacteriales and Actinomycetales in Datong basin.

Abstract: Lindane (γ-hexachlorocyclohexane) was used as the substrate for a degradation experiment with the white rot fungi Phlebia brevispora TMIC34596 and Phlebia lindtneri GB1027, which are capable of degrading DDT. Pure culture of both fungi showed that about 40% of lindane was degraded after 7 days of incubation, while over 70% of lindane was degraded after 28 days of incubation. Eight metabolic products such as pentachlorocyclohexanol, dihydroxytetrachlorocyclohexane and trihydroxytrichlorocyclohexane were detected from both fungal cultures using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). This is the first report of the biodegradation of lindane through successive Cl/OH substitution pathway by microorganisms.