Advanced Materials Research Vols. 726-731

Abstract: Soil carbon stock changes induced by land-use change play an essential role in the global greenhouse effect and carbon circulation. This paper studies the spatial characteristics of soil inorganic carbon (SIC) distribution in urbanized territories of main cities in Jiangsu Province, China, based on the data of regional geochemical survey. Urbanization process in study area has been quickened greatly since the 1980s. The SIC density in urban area is 0.64±0.70 kg m-2, which mean density is 1.33 times of that in suburban and 1.52 times of that in countryside, and SIC distribution in urbanized area shows accumulation and obvious spatial variability. By comparison of SIC distribution in the central urban area, urbanized area during 1980-2000, 2000-2005 and suburban, the SIC obviously accumulates in central urban area, furthermore, the SIC density increases with urban land use duration extending and urban ecosystem evolving. This paper provides the characteristics of SIC distribution and evolution during the course of urbanization, which may be useful for assessing the impact of land-use and urban development on SIC pools in urban ecosystem.

Abstract: The concentrations of Mn in water and sediments of different functional areas in Lake Baiyangdian were monitored in representative months from 2009 to 2010. The results showed that the concentration of Mn had spatial-temporal distribution characteristics. Mn in the overlying water ranged from 0.05 to 2.39 mgL^-1, and was higher in May and October than that in August and March. Sites in the fish-rearing zone had the highest Mn concentration, while natural site had the lowest Mn concentration. The concentration of Mn in the surface of sediments ranged from 144.95 to 1317.04 mgkg^-1. The concentration of Mn was higher in March than in other months. Sites in the duck-rearing zone had the highest Mn concentration, while garbage dumping site had the lowest Mn concentration. Human activity such as aquaculture had an obvious effect on the concentration of Mn in Lake Baiyangdian.

Abstract: The binding studies of imidacloprid to bovine serum albumin (BSA) were investigated by UV-Vis absorption spectrum, fluorescence spectrum and synchronous fluorescence spectrometry. Under the simulative physiological conditions, fluorescence data revealed the presence of a single class of binding site on BSA and the dynamic quenching constants () were 6.851×10⁴ L.mol^-1 and 5.813×10⁴ L.mol^-1 at 310 and 315 K, respectively, proving the mode of action of imidacloprid with BSA as a static quenching. In addition, according to the Vant Hoff equation, ΔG^θ <0 showed="" the="" combination="" of="" imidacloprid="" and="" bsa="" was="" a="" spontaneous="" process="" h="" sup="">θ <0 and="" s="" sup="">θ> 0, indicated an electrostatic interaction process. At the same time, synchronous fluorescence spectrum of BSA could tell us whether the conformation of BSA was changed by imidacloprid.

Abstract: The carbon sequestration of Heidaigou opencast mining area was calculated by using carbon density method based on remote sensing technology, combined field surveys and data measured indoor. Soil bulk density, soil organic matter and other soil properties of the 63 soil samples in the Heidaigou mining area were measured. The results indicated the following conclusions. (1) The carbon sequestration of Heidaigou opencast coal mine area was 4,651,623.30 t in 2010. (2) There was a positive correlation between soil carbon density and the age of land reclamation. (3)After reclamation the carbon sequestration of Heidaigou opencast coal mine increased by 239,748.61 t. So the potential for carbon sequestration is great in this area. The results indicate that the mining area land reclamation can improve soil carbon acquisition capability and maintain the ecological balance of carbon cycle.

Abstract: A desulfuration bacterial community with high efficiency of removing SO₂ were obtained with inductive domestication method. The isolated cultures technique and 16S rRNA gene sequencing technique were used to investigate the bacterial community structure and dynamic change in domestication process. The results showed that 13 species were identified from 45 isolated strains from bacterial community after 7d ,14d and 21d domestication, they were the first find associated with removing SO₂.The community structure varied significantly in domestication process during which some species kept stable while others were replaced by new species gradually. The results confirmed Rhodococcus erythropolis had good desulfurization ability and stability , might be the key microorganism involved in removing SO₂, were preliminarily confirmed dominate species. Other dominant bacteria were Pseudomonas putida and Microbacterium oxydans.Isolated strains and their gene imformation provided a lot of microbial resources for development microbial desulphurization technology of contained SO₂ tail gas.

Abstract: Sporadic reports indicated that salt stress induced the expression of sucrose transporter genes, and sucrose transporters (SUCs or SUTs) as the important carriers are responsible for the loading, unloading and distribution of sucrose, but the study that SUCs are involved in sucrose distribution and metabolism under salt stress at the whole-plant level has not been reported to date. AtSUC4, as the unique member of low affinity/high capacity SUT4-clade in Arabidopsis thaliana, may play an important role in plant stress tolerance. Here, through analyzing two homozygous mutation lines of AtSUC4 (Atsuc4-1 and Atsuc4-2), we found salt stress induced higher sucrose, fructose and glucose content in shoots and lower sucrose, fructose and glucose content in roots of these mutants compared with the wild-type (WT), resulting in an imbalance of sucrose distribution and fructose and glucose accumulation changes of sucrose metabolitesat the whole-plant level. Our results indicated that AtSUC4 is involved in salt stress tolerance by the regulation of sucrose distribution and metabolism.

Abstract: Five-coordinated anionic tin (IV) complexes [C₅H₅NH][Ph₂Sn (μ²-SCH₂COO)C was synthesized by the reaction of mercaptoacetic acid with diphenyltin dichloride in the present of pyridine. The structure was characterized by elemental analysis, IR, ¹H NMR. The crystal structure of [C₅H₅N[Ph₂Sn (μ²-SCH₂COO)C was determined by X-ray crystallography. The structure consists of an anion part, and a pyridinium cation part as a counterion. The tin atom has a distorted cis-tbp geometry with two carbon and one sulfur atoms occupying the equatorial positions and the o atom and Cl atom occupying the axial positions. We tested the activity of the product in vitro antitumor for A-549, HCT-8 and Bel-7402, results showed that the compound has a strong anti-tumor activity for A-549, HCT-8, IC₅₀ values were 0.91 and 0.34 μg ml^-1, respectively.

Abstract: Gypsum is the main product of wet desulfurization, combined with the actual operating conditions of desulfurization unit, the factors affecting the purity of gypsum is analyzed. Combining with the comprehensive utilization of gypsum requirements, from every aspect of characteristics of coal, limestone’s quality and operation control, improve the gypsum’s quality of wet desulfurization in coal-fired plant.

Abstract: In order to achieve a good correlation between toxicology and Artemia salina lethality test, several chemical pollutants were examined in A. salina test, with the purpose to use the latter as convenient preliminary protocol for toxic activity. During the test, it was observed the effect of a particular lethal dose or only a knockdown in the arthropod of HgCl₂, KCN, K₂Cr₂O₇, C₆H₆ and C₆H₆Cl₆. The 24h LC₅₀ of these five chemical pollutants to the artemia nauplius was 0.12±0.09, 0.06±0.12, 0.72±0.21, 1.57±0.58 and 0.44±0.10 mg/L, respectively. The results of the A. salina lethality test for the chemical substances are essentially in agreement with those described in literature for toxic activity.

Abstract: this thesis makes an in-depth study on the adsorption properties of modified sepiolite to phosphorus, and confirms how the factors such as, phosphorus wastewater flow, phosphorus removal agent dosage, temperature, additives and other factors effect on the phosphorus adsorption thermodynamic equilibrium of modified sepiolite. With the increase of phosphorus removal agent of modified sepiolite, adsorption capacity of modified sepiolite phosphorus removal to PO₄^3- ions in wastewater decreases; the removal rate increases with the increase removal agent; improving the acid modified temperature favors the adsorption of compound phosphorus removal to sepiolite; adsorption amount increases with the calcination temperature of sepiolite. This thesis describes the adsorption capacity of the modified sepiolite to phosphorus changes with temperature. According to the experimental data, adsorption isotherms at different temperature are presented in this thesis. And a theoretical foundation is provided for the industrial application of modified sepiolite phosphorus removal.