Advanced Materials Research Vols. 750-752

Abstract: Alexander Parkes found the earliest plastic in 1850. American scientist John Wesley Hyatt achieved the first patent of plastic (1970) and inaugurated the first plastics industry (1873) with his brother in the world. From then on, plastics industry all over the world have experienced about 150 years development. Based on the learning from overseas industries, China gradually constructed and cultivated himself plastics industry system that is full of Chinese characteristics. The amount of plastics production, plastics products and plastics machine production as well as plastics consumption in China increased quickly. The value of plastics import and export trade rose year by year. Nowadays, China reaches an advanced level in the world no matter plastics machine production, plastic goods production, plastics consumption, or outlet of plastics machines and products. Plastic industry has be one of the important light manufacturing pillar industries in society and economics development of China.

Abstract: The mechanical properties, compatibility, flame retardancy property, hot-air ageing resistance of hydrogenated nitrile-butadiene rubber (HNBR) / chloroprene rubber (CR) blends were investigated. With increasing CR, stress at 100% elongation, shore A hardness, limited oxygen index of HNBR/CR blends increased, while the tensile strength, hot-air aging resistance of the blends decreased. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) revealed that it’s incompatible with both HNBR and CR before vulcanization, however they became compatible completely after vulcanization as indicated by Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA).

Abstract: (POE-g-MAH/OMMT) and (POE-g-MAH/SiO2) toughening particles of core-shell structure were prepared by ball grinding method and were used to modify toughness of PA6.The morphology of PA6 modified by these core-shell particles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM),and were detected by mechanical performance test. The results show that both toughening particles could improved notch impact strength of PA6,and with toughening particle exceed 10%, composites notch impact strength is rapid increase.(POE-g-MAH/OMMT) particle of PA6 toughening effect is better than (POE-g-MAH/SiO2).When material under impact, OMMT produced slip effect in core-shell structure and SiO2 produced rolling effect.

Abstract: The crosslink density and tensile property of epoxidized natural rubber containing 25 mol % expoxidation (ENR25) with different four antioxidants was investigated. The four antioxidants, viz., poly-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline (RD), N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenyl-enediamine (4010NA) , N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenedianine (4020) and 2-mercaptobenzimidazole (MB) were used. The results indicate that the ENR25 vulcanizates with antioxidant 4020 exhibit the higher crosslink density and tensile property, the best thermal oxidation aging resistance.

Abstract: For their excellent physical and chemical properties, PTFE hollow fiber membranes can be used in harsh environment of water treatment. But the membranes cannot be prepared by conventional methods, such as the melting processing methods and the dry-wet spinning processing methods, because of a high melting point of 327°C and chemical stability. In this paper a method of extrusion-stretching-sintering is used, and using this method we get the membranes with high fracture strength (10MPa) and high pure water flux (1500L/(m2*h)), also the retention rate of bovine serum albumin reaching 50%, which meets the laboratory microfiltration membrane requirements.

Abstract: The dynamic magnetorheological (MR) effects of 1,5-Naphthalene diisocyanate (NDI) polyurethane-based MR elastomers were tested by changing excitation frequency, excitation amplitude, magnetic strength, or preload. NDI polyurethane-based elastomers show high dynamic mechanical property, and were used as base material to prepare MR elastomers, whose mechanical performance and dynamic MR effect were tested. The results show that: (1) the prepared NDI polyurethane-based MR elastomers have high mechanical performance and MR effect; (2) their MR effect was reduced with the increase in excitation amplitude or preload, but did not change obviously with the increase in excitation frequency. Therefore, MR elastomer devices should be reasonably designed to maximize MR effect.

Abstract: A europium (III) chelating polymer film has been investigated by fluorescence spectrum, lifetime measurement, near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) and m-line method. The obtained film thickness is 1.748μm and refractive index is 1.571. Near-field scanning optical microscopy shows the good surface quality of the Europium (III) chelating polymer film.

Abstract: Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber reinforced plastic (UFRP) is an integral part of hard body armor. The intensive study on the material characterization of UFRP can help to understanding the bulletproof mechanism and behind-armor blunt trauma (BABT) well, and thus improve the performance of body armor. The research presented in this paper represents an effort to characterize the properties of UFRP under quasi-static and ballistic loading. The tensile behavior along the fiber direction and through thickness compressive behavior were obtained using an universal material testing machine. Experiments show that the tensile strength and compressive strength of UFRP are approximately 500MPa and 650MPa, respectively. The through thickness shear strength of UFRP was also obtained according to the punch-shear testing, and a set of special clamp was used to clamp the samples. The composite has been found to have a low shear strength. The UFRP was impacted by a 4.8mm diameter spherical fragment with velocity 694m/s~920m/s, to study the ballistic performance. And the height and radius of the deformed conical region on the back face of UFRP were captured using high-speed photography technique. Results show the maximum transient height of the cone is about 3 to 4 times greater than the final height of the cone, and the radius of the cone reaches to 59±7.4mm. The ballistic limit of the 11mm thick UFRP is approximately 800m/s.

Abstract: Poly (L-lactide) (PLLA) and poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) were produced by solution mixing and cast into films. The films were characterized by morphological, mechanical, and barrier behavior tests to evaluate the effect of the PCL. The micrographs of the fractured surfaces showed the morphology of the phase separated system, with the dispersed PCL phase higher than 30%. The elongation at break of PLLA was improved significantly (p<0.05) in the blends while the tensile strength decreased significantly (p<0.05) with increase of PCL content. WVP of PLLA/PCL films significantly decreased (p < 0.05) by blending with PCL. When the ratio of PLLA/PCL increased from 100/0 to 50/50, WVP of PLLA/PCL films decreased from 1.85±0.15 (×10^-14 kgm/m²sPa) to 1.27±0.06 (×10^-14 kgm/m²sPa). The results showed that PLLA/PCL blend can be a novel composite film for food packaging applications.

Abstract: A nanocomposite catalyst was prepared from immobilization of aluminum oxide hydroxide onto the attapulgite for synthesis of Poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis was used to investigate the crystallization properties of PET obtained by using the different catalysts, and the results showed that PET obtained by using the as-prepared catalyst exhibited higher crystallization crystallizability under applied conditions.