Advanced Materials Research Vols. 781-784

Abstract: The adsorption of Pb (II) on hydroxyapatite/(Poly Vinyl Alcohol) composite material was studied in this paper. HA/PVA was prepared firstly. The effect of initial Pb (II) concentration, composition of absorbent were investigated in batch experiments. The adsorption kinetics was calculated. The kinetics of the adsorption followed a pseudo-first order model.

Abstract: To investigate the diffusion of water, Na⁺ and Cl^- in the MFI membrane system (Si/Al = 191), the grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) method and the followed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to predict the water absorption into aluminosilicate zeolite structure under various conditions of pressure and to determine the water and ions diffusion in the MFI membrane at different concentrations. The simulation results are consistent with the experimental data reported in the literature: as the separation proceeds, the salt ions concentration increase in the MFI membrane, and the diffusion coefficient of the water and salt ions decline.

Abstract: Two hydroxy-aluminum pillared montmorillonites (Al-Mt-20 and Al-Mt-80) were prepared at 20°C and 80°C, respectively. The adsorption characteristics for fluoride by Al-Mt-20 and Al-Mt-80 were investigated. Results showed that the d (001) spacing of montmorillonite in Al-Mt-20 and Al-Mt-80 was 1.392 and 1.481 nm, respectively. The optimum pH value for fluoride adsorption was about 4-5. At pH 4.8, the Langmuir adsorption capacity (q_max) for fluoride of Al-Mont-20 and Al-Mont-80 was 7.12 mg/g and 9.78 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption data for fluoride by Al-Mont-20 and Al-Mont-80 could be fitted by Langmuir model (R² =0.982-0.987), indicating that Langmuir model is suitable to fit the fluoride adsorption of Al-Mont-20 and Al-Mont-80.

Abstract: HDTMA-modified vermiculite (HDTMA-Ver) was formed in a suspension by the interactions between vermiculite and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMA). For vermiculite and HDTMA-Ver, the pH of the point of zero charge (pHpzc) is 3.16 and 5.09, the surface charge at pH 4.5 is-0.167 and 0.083 mmol/g, and the Langmuir adsorption capacity (q_max) is 4.98 and 8.67 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption data for fluoride by vermiculite and HDTMA-Ver could be fitted by Langmuir model. The as-prepared HDTMA-Ver exhibited excellent ability to remove fluoride ions from aqueous solutions.

Abstract: X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen physical adsorption, potentiometric titrations and batch adsorption experiments were employed to characterize the crystal structure, micromorphologies and surface properties of raw kaolinite (RKao) and acid-activated kaolinite (AAKao). Compared to RKao, the particle size of AAKao became smaller, but the specific surface area (SSA), cation exchange capacity (CEC) and surface negative charge at pH 5.5 increased. The adsorption capacity (q_max) for Ni (II) of RKao and AAKao was 3.25 mg/g and 5.09 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption data for Ni (II) by RKao and AAKao could be fitted by Langmuir model (R² =0.991 and 0.989, respectively).

Abstract: Hydroxy-iron pillared montmorillonite (Fe-Mont) was prepared and characterized, and the fluoride adsorption capacity of Fe-Mont was investigated. Compared to pure montmorillonite (Mont), the interlayer spacing, specific surface area (SSA), surface fractal dimension and isoelectric point (IEP) of Fe-Mont increased. At pH 4.5, the Langmuir adsorption capacity (q_max) for fluoride of Mont and Fe-Mont was 4.23 and 6.92 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption data for fluoride by Fe-Mont could be fitted by Langmuir model (R² =0.986) and also by Freundlich isotherm (R² =0.948), and indicating that the monolayer and multilayer adsorption behaviors are simultaneously involved in the fluoride adsorption processes of Fe-Mont.

Abstract: Complex geographical position and meteorology make the SCS become high-risk area of accident. In order to prevent from accident to avoid marine pollution or minimize pollution as soon as possible in the SCS, strengthening rescue and salvage is necessary. Because of characteristics of the Marine pollution and special situation in the SCS, cross-strait cooperation for marine environmental preservation in the SCS should be strengthened. In this case, cross-strait cooperation on establishing a salvage company for rescue and prevention of pollution in the SCS can integrate cross-strait salvage power to promote marine environmental preservation.

Abstract: The rapid development of new technologies has met people's growing material and cultural needs, and exerted a huge influence on environment simultaneously. People are increasingly concerned about which influences the new technologies existing and being developed can exert on environment in the future, as well as how to control these influences. In order to determine new technologies' impact on the environment, the Fuzzy Analytic Decision Making Theory is applied to build the index system about environmental effects of new technologies, and evaluate environmental effects of urban sewage-treatment intelligent-control technology. The study finds that urban sewage-treatment intelligent-control technology exerts positive effects on water environment and energy-savings, particularly on water environment; and for the other two environmental factors: the carbon-emissions and solid-waste, the negative effects are slight.

Abstract: Five compounds were isolated from the EtOAC extract of Saxifaga umbellulata. The structures of these compounds were elucidated as: β-sitosterolpalmitare (1), 5α, 8α-epidioxy-(22E-24R)-ergosta-6, 22- dien-3β-ol (2), 3, 7, 11, 15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol(3), Loliolide (4), Altertoxin I (5). These compounds were identified on the basis of comparing their NMR datas with those of corresponding compounds in the literature.

Abstract: Sichuan Hilly Area is selected as the study area. This paper uses ten brightness temperature AMSR-E data during 2006-2010. It constructs 8 preferred drought index by using the polarization ratio method (Polarization Rations, PR). This paper makes Pearson correlation analysis by using the 8 preferred drought index and the soil moisture of study area. Meanwhile, Linear regression and correlation analysis with the Daily precipitation and the standardized precipitation index SPI are also made. The results show: for example, in December 2009, drought index DI74, DI92, DI96 were basically consistent with the spatial distribution. Drought degree has an increasing trend from southeast to northwest regional gradually. And with the drought conditions in hilly area of actual and daily precipitation, SPI correlation between interannual and Sichuan are proper. So the drought index is more suitable for drought study in hilly area of central Sichuan Basin.