Advanced Materials Research Vols. 791-793

Abstract: The drug pair of Astragalus and Chinese yam is an effective Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula treating diabetes, but its mechanism of action is not explicit. In order to reveal its antidiabetic mechanism, we carried out metabonomics study on diabetic rats treated with drug pair of Astragalus and Chinese yam. Data obtained by using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS method were classified into five groups (normal control group, Model Group, Astragalus Group, Chinese yam Group and the drug pair of Astragalus and Chinese yam Group). R software was used for Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Sammon mapping, Kruskal-Wallis mapping (isoMDS) and Independent Component Analysis (ICA). The exported LC/MS data were processed by R. PCA, isoMDS and ICA function were used to perform preliminary metabonomics analysis of diabetic rata treated with drug pair of Astragalus and Chinese yam. These results indicated the capacity of multivariate data mapping methods in metabonomics data.

Abstract: Activated carbon supported nanoTiO₂ photocatalyst material (TiO₂/AC) was prepared with activated carbon (AC) as the carrier and sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) as the binder. And the TiO₂/AC was characterized by XRD. Then, the optimal experimental conditions was studied and the removal percentage of COD_Cr from papermaking wastewater could reach 73.22% at the optimal conditions. And the COD_Cr of the effluent was 90 mg/L, meeting the requirements of China national discharge standard. Furthermore, the recycle experiments showed that the TiO₂/AC had a relatively high catalytic activity and stability.

Abstract: Preliminary studies on the hydrogenolysis of glycerol over the titania-supported Ru-based bimetallic catalysts (Ru-Fe/TiO₂, Ru-Co/TiO₂, Ru-Ni/TiO₂ and Ru-Cu/TiO₂) were reported. The introduction of a second transition metal can obviously increase the selectivity to 1,2-propanediol of the Ru catalysts, but a deactivation effect was also found. The catalytic performances of the Ru-based bimetallic catalysts were discussed with a proposed reaction mechanism. The addition of Fe, Co, Ni or Cu enables the Ru-based catalysts to favor the dehydration route over the retro-aldolization route in the reaction process.

Abstract: The market for 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) is growing rapidly due to its expanding uses in the polymer material industry. Catalytic hydrogenolysis of glycerol is a promising new way to produce 1,3-PDO sustainably. This paper reviews the recent advances in studies on heterogeneous catalysts for the selective hydrogenolysis of glycerol to 1,3-PDO. The main employed metal catalysts include platinum, copper, rhodium and iridium. With the intent to give a rationally guide to the development of new catalysts in future research, the catalysts performances are summarized and discussed with reaction mechanisms.

Abstract: Study on the impact of activation agent for Activated semi-coke structure Activated semi-coke were prepared choosing KOH and ZnCl₂ as activating agent by orthogonal experiments, and the effect on properties of activated were also be researched. The influence of different activating agents for activated semi-coke the structure of activated semi-coke were analyzed by using SEM and FTIR. Performance and structure of ZnCl₂ activated semi-coke were compared with KOH activated .The result showed that ZnCl₂ activated semi-coke and KOH activated were obviously different. The former have developed in macroporous structure. The latter have developed in mesoporous and micropore and had Uniform pore distribution. The infrared spectra of two activated semi-coke is similar.

Abstract: Peanut shell Cellulose Xanthate (PCX) was prepared by reacting with carbon disulphide after mercerized by sodium hydroxide solution. The preparing conditions (hydroxide solution concentration, carbon disulphide dosage, temperature) were optimized in this study. And the effects of PCX amount and contact time on the removal of Cd (II) ion from aqueous solution was studied,the results indicated that when the initial Cd (II) ion concentration was 10mg/L, the adsorption capacity of PXC was high effective with the PCX amount was 1g/L and the contact time was 1.5h,the equilibrium adsorption capacity of PCX was 9.87 mg/g and the removal rate of Cd (II) ion was 98.72%.Then the regeneration capacities of PCX adsorbent was investigated, the results indicated that the removal rate of Cd (II) ion was more than 75% after regeneration. All the results indicated that the PCX can be used as a low cost but effective biosorbent for heavy metals remediation.

Abstract: Modified kapok fiber (MKF) was prepared by reacting with succinic anhydride after microwave pretreatment. The preparing conditions (microwave power and pretreatment time) were optimized in this study. And the effects of MKF dosage, PH and contact time on the removal of Hg (II) ion from aqueous solution was studied, the results indicated that when the initial Hg (II) ion concentration was 100mg/L, the adsorption capacity of MKF was high effective with the MKF dose was 5g/L , PH was 4.0 and the contact time was 2h,the equilibrium adsorption capacity of MKF was 19.21 mg/g and the removal rate of Hg (II) ion was 97.13%. All the results indicated that the MKF was a effective adsorbent for removal of Hg (II) ion.

Abstract: Dicyclohexylmethylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate is used to react with polyoxytetramethylene diol at different temperatures. N,N-Dimethyl acetamide is used as solvent. In situ FT-IR is used to monitor the reaction to work out rate constant, Arrhenius equation and Eyring equation. The polymerization has been found to be a second order reaction, and the rate constant increases with the rise of temperature. Activation energy (E_a), activation enthalpy (ΔH) and activation entropy (ΔS) for the polymerization are respectively calculated out, which are very useful to reveal the reaction mechanism.

Abstract: A low molecular weight copolymer suitable for retanning wet-blue in leather industry has been synthesized by copolymerizing maleinuric acid with acrylic acid. Its performances for improving physical properties of crust leather, fixing the free chromium salt existed in wet-blue and scavenging the free formaldehyde introduced by other chemicals were investigated by applying it on goatskin wet-blue. The results show that the strengths and extensions, especially the softness of the crust leather can be significantly improved by the copolymer. The chromium released from wet-blue during retanning and free formaldehyde in leather can be reduced by 84.9% and 70.4% respectively with an offer of 3% the copolymer. Soft leather with very low levels of chromium release and free formaldehyde could be obtained by retanning with this copolymer. Therefore, this copolymer has the good potential for industrial application in ecological leather.