Characterization and Optimization of Heavy Metals Biosorption by Fish Scales

Abstract:

The pollution of water with heavy metals has been a great concern due to their toxic nature and adverse effect. Various techniques were employed to remove heavy metal namely physical, chemical, and biological treatment. Biosorption is one of the biological treatment that has emerged as a new technology for the removal and recovery of metal ions from aqueous solutions which is more environmental friendly. Biosorption using Tilapia fish scale was studied with the intention to remove zinc, plumbum, and ferum ions from synthetic wastewater. The optimum adsorption capacities of fish scale was investigated under several condition namely, pH, biosorbent dosage, initial heavy metals concentration, and contact time while final concentration was obtained by using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass (ICP-MS). The results revealed that 92.3% of zinc, 89.33% of plumbum, and 64.2% of ferum able to be sequestered under best adsorption conditions. The maximum percentage removals were observed at pH 6, 5.5, 4.5 and dosage 0.02 g, 0.001 g, 0.8 g at concentration 10 ppb, 0.3 ppb, 300 ppb for zinc, plumbum, and ferum ions, respectively. Maximum removal achieved at 3 hours contact time for ferum and zinc while 2 hours for plumbum. The results indicate that Tilapia fish scale is a promising method in removing ferum, zinc, and plumbum ions from aqueous solution.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volume 795)
• Pages: 260-265
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.795.260
• Online since: September 2013
• Authors: Nabilah Zayadi, Norzila Othman
• Keywords: Biosorption, Ferum, Plumbum, Tilapia Fish Scale, Zinc

References

[1] I. Villaescusa, N. Fiol, M. Martinez, N. Miralles, J. Poch, J. Serarols, Removal of copper and nickel ions from aqueous solutions by grape stalks wastes, Water Res. 38 (2004) 992–1002.

DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2003.10.040

[2] T. Akar, S. Tunali, Biosorption characteristics of Aspergillus Flavus biomass for removal of Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions from an aqueous solution, Bioresour. Technol. 97 (2006) 1780-1787.

DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2005.09.009

[3] A. Witek-Krowiak, R.G. Szafran, S. Modelski, Biosorption of heavy metals from aqueous solutions onto peanut shell as a low-cost biosorbent, J. Desalination. 265 (2011) 126-134.

DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2010.07.042

[4] A. Sonune, R. Ghate, Developments in wastewater treatment methods, Desalination. 167 (2004) 55-63.

DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2004.06.113

[5] J. Febrianto, A.N. Kosasih, J. Sunarso, Y-S. Ju, N. Indraswati, S. Ismadji, Equilibrium and kinetic studies in adsorption of heavy metals using biosorbent: A summary of recent studies. J. Hazard. Mater. 162 (2009) 616–645.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.06.042

[6] R. Nadeem, T.M. Ansari, A.M. Khalid, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic characterization and optimum of Pb(II) biosorption by fish (Labeo Rohita) scales, J. Hazard. Mater. 156 (2008) 64-73.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.11.124

[7] M.S. Rahaman, A. Basu, M.R. Islam, The removal of As(III) and As(V) from aqueous solutions by waste materials, Bioresour. Technol. 99 (2008) 2815-2823.

DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.06.038

[8] K. Srividya, K. Mohanty, Biosorption of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution by catla catla scales: Equilibrium and kinetics studies, Chem. Eng. J. 155 (2009) 666-673.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2009.08.024

[9] H.E. Amjad, A.S. Jamal, Sorption of trace metals on fish scales and application for lead and cadmium pre-concentration with flame atomic absorption determination, Jordan J. Chem. 3 (2008) 87-97.

[10] L.P. Pavia, G.M. Lampman, G.S. Kriz, Introduction to Spectroscopy, Brooks Cole, 1996, pp.13-82.

[11] S.S. Baral, S.N. Das, P. Rath, Hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous solution by adsorption on treated sawdust, Biochem. Eng. J. 3 (2006) 216–222.

DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2006.08.003

[12] G. Bayramoglu, A. Denizli, S. Bektas, M.Y. Arica, Entrapment of Lentinus sajor-caju into Ca-alginate gel beads for removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution: Preparation and biosorption kinetics analysis, Microchem. J. 72 (2002) 63–76.

DOI: 10.1016/s0026-265x(01)00151-5

[13] Y. Sag, D. Ozerb, T. Kutsal, A comparative study of the biosorption of lead(II) to Z.Ramigera and R.Arrhizus, Process Biochem. 30 (1995) 169-174.

DOI: 10.1016/0032-9592(95)95716-v

[14] B. Yu, Y. Zhang, A. Shukla, S.S. Shukla, K.L. Dorris, The removal of heavy metal from aqueous solutions by sawdust adsorption-Removal of copper, J. Hazard. Mater. B80 (2000) 33–42.

DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3894(00)00278-8

[15] E. Romera, F. Gonzalez, A. Ballester, M.L. Blazquez, J.A. Munoz, Comparative study of biosorption of heavy metals using different types of algae, Bioresour. Technol. 98 (2007) 3344–3353.

DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.09.026

[16] V.C. Srivastava, I.D. Mall, I.M. Mishra, Equilibrium modelling of single and binary adsorption of cadmium and nickel onto bagasse fly ash, Chemical Engineering Journal. 117 (2006) 79–91.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2005.11.021

[17] E. Huang, Use of fish scales as biosorbent for the removal of copper in water, Water Res. 30 (2007) 1985-1990.