Advanced Materials Research Vols. 834-836

Abstract: Electrochemical synthesis in a room temperature ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIBF₄), has been used to prepare electrochromic poly (3-bromothiophene) (PBrT). The PBrT films were characterized by fourier-transform infrared spectroscopies (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electrochemistry properties of the prepared film was characterized by cyclic voltammetry. Spectroelectrochemistry and electrochromic properties of the PBrT films were characterized using various experiment techniques in [BMIBF₄. The thin films were red at its neutral state. After oxidization of the PBrT films, the films underwent reversible change to the blue.

Abstract: In order to extract tea polyphenols (TPs) by water under room temperature, the mechanochemical methodology was used for leaching process, and then TPs was purified from leaching solution by ethanol and ammonium sulfate aqueous two-phase system. The optimum parameters of mechanochemical methodology leaching TPs were determined by response surface methodology (RSM), which optimum parameters were: Na₂CO₃ content 25~27wt%, solid material particle size D₉₅40~45μm, liquid/solid mass ratio55~60, leaching time 16~18min. The TPs leaching rate was 16.46%. When ammonium sulfate mass composition0.2, ethanol mass composition0.35 as the composite of the extraction system, TPs maximum extraction rate was 93.4%. The maximum yield of TPs was 15.25% on the average, with average purity was 96.54% ultimately. Under such technology, water is only solvent used in TPs leaching at room temperature, and aqueous two-phase system extraction system under mild conditions, avoid the use of toxic solvent, is a green technology for extracting TPs.

Abstract: A novel praseodymium complex C₅H₁₃O₁₁Pr has been synthesized from hydrothermal reaction and the crystal structure has been determined by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The Pr1 atom is nine coordinated by nine O atoms. The crystal packing is stabilized by O-H...O hydrogen bonding interactions.

Abstract: The ternary system of solid-liquid phase equilibrium relation of KCl-NH₄Cl-H₂O was studied at 80 °C. The solubility data of KCl and NH₄Cl in water were obtained by isothermal equilibrium method, and the phase diagram of the system was plotted. The result showed that this system exist six phase regions: i.e. the unsaturated solution region, pure KCl , pure NH₄Cl, the solid solution base of KCl, the solid solution base of NH₄Cl and their common crystallization region with the solid solution base of KCl and the solid solution base of NH₄Cl crystallization regions. Some crystallization area will be changed with the various temperature, According to the phase diagram, it can be calculated the quantity of evaporated water in the crystallization process of KCl-NH₄Cl-H₂O and controlled the change of concentration in the evaporation process preferably.

Abstract: coal gangue, as one of the largest industrial solid wastes discharged during coal production has caused serious environmental pollution. However, the utilization level of coal gangue is not the same in different countries. Through purification and activation ,the utilization rate of coal gangue could increase gradually,while bioleaching method can also relieve the pollution in some degree. But recent application of coal gangue may always restrict to individual components,so the utilization rate is not so satisfactory. To actively develop other useful elements and advanced industry is a new trend for the application of coal gangue.

Abstract: A ball mill was used to mechanochemically modified Polyvinylchloride (PVC) powders. PVC membranes before and after mechanochemical modification were prepared at different dope solution temperatures 60°C. The modified PVC membrane was immersed in HCl solution, NaClO solution and NaOH solution, the permeation flux and mechanical properties of the PVC membranes before and after post-treatment were studied. The results showed that, modified PVC membrane owned good ability of resistance to acid and alkali, NaClO solution had a strong oxidizing, it generated the polar group made the surface of PVC membrane more hydrophilic, the permeation flux improved. The strong oxidizing of NaClO solution made the skin layer of PVC membrane more thinner, the tensile strength decreased.

Abstract: A type of cross-linking starch microsphere (CSMs) has been synthesized via reversed phase suspension method. Crosslinked starch microsphere has good adsorption performance to metal ions in water. The adsorption kinetics of Co (II) on the CSMs, selectivity of adsorption CSMs towards Co (II),Cu (II),Pb (II),Cd (II) and adsorption effects of media towards Co (II) were investigated. The CSMs and its adsorption product were comparatively characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that The adsorption rate is mainly controlled by liquid film diffusion, and the constant of adsorption rate is 0.0686min^-1 at 308K. The crystal structure of the CSMs decreased greatly after the incorporation of Co (II). Co (II) has better adsorption selectivity on CSMs. Ions coexist and other substances in the solution have certain impact on adsorption. Those data are helpful for treatment of the wastewater containing heavy ions.

Abstract: Polysaccharide extracts (ASP, AMP and GQP) were obtained by water extraction and ethyl alcohol deposition method from Angelica sinensis, Astragalus membranaceus and the mixture of Angelica sinensis and Astragalus membranaceus. And the total carbohydrate content of AMP, ASP and GQP was respectively determined to be 63.1%, 48.7% and 76.7% by phenol-sulfuric acid colorimetric method using glucose as the standard. The in vitro antioxidant activities of 3 polysaccharides were evaluated by free radical, superoxide radicals and DPPH free radical scavenging assay, respectively. Among 3 polysaccharides, GQP showed the highest antioxidant activity in vitro at 100-300 μg/mL. These results indicated that the GQP might be useful for developing natural safe antiaging drugs or health food.

Abstract: A novel 3D metal-organic framework based on tetranuclear copper Secondary Building Units, [Cu₂(μ₃-OH)(4-oip)(DMF)]·DMF·2H₂O (JUC-76) (4-oip = 4-hydroxyisophthalic, DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide, and JUC = Jilin University China), has been synthesized under solvothermal conditions. It crystallizes in monoclinic symmetry with space group P2₁/n. JUC-76 possesses a three-dimensional network with one-dimensional rhombic channels of approximately 13.6 × 8.5 Ų along the [100] direction. The resulting structure of JUC-76 is a distorted rutile topology with one 3-connected organic node and one 6-connected inorganic node. And its Schläfli symbol is (4·6²)₂(4²·6¹⁰·8³). In addition, JUC-76 exhibits fluorescence emission at 446 nm, and a dominant anti-ferromagnetic interaction between the Cu (II) ions.

Abstract: In this research, calcium methoxide was synthesized as solid base catalyst from quick lime for biodiesel production. The catalyst was further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), attenuated total reflection fourier transform (ATR-FTIR) and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopies (EDX) to evaluate its performance. The transesterification of refined palm oil using calcium methoxide and the process parameters affecting the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) content such as catalyst concentration, methanol:oil molar ratio and reaction time were investigated. The results showed that the FAME content at 97% was achieved within 3 h using 3 %wt catalyst loading, 12:1 methanol:oil molar ratio and 65 °C reaction temperature. The result of FAME suggested calcium methoxide was the promising solid catalyst for substitution of the conventional liquid catalyst.