Advanced Materials Research Vol. 910

Abstract: This study aims to examine the influence of the temperatures of heat treatment on the puncture-resistance of Nylon6/LPET compound nonwoven fabrics. Polyamide 6 (Nylon 6) fibers and low-melting-point polyester (LPET) fibers are combined and undergo a heat treatment to make three-dimensional (3-D) Nylon 6/LPET compound nonwoven fabrics through a nonwoven process. The nonwoven fabrics are tested for their dynamic puncture resistance, constant rate puncture resistance, and impact strength. The experiment results show that when thermally treated at a high temperature, the compound nonwoven fabrics are rendered with a lower dynamic puncture resistance and a lower constant rate puncture resistance, but a greater impact strength.

Abstract: Nonwoven fabric technique has been extensively used because nonwoven fabrics can uses both filaments and staple fibers and have ease of processing, a wide range of raw material sources, and a short production. This study makes protective nonwoven fabrics with Kevlar fibers, flame retardant polyester (FPET) fibers, and low-melting-point polyester (LPET) fibers. The number of lamination layers of the nonwoven fabric is varied and examined to determine their influence on the mechanical properties of the protective nonwoven fabrics. The results of test show that tensile strength and bursting strength of the protective nonwoven fabrics increase as a result of the increased number of lamination layer.

Abstract: This study uses acetic acid as the solvent to make two different deacetylated chitosans into chitosan solutions (CS1 and CS2). A specified amount of chitosan solutions are evaporated at 55 °C for 30, 60, and 90 minutes, immersed in NaOH-NaHCO₃(aq), and then freeze-dried to form six membrane types, CS1-30, CS1-60, CS1-90 ,CS2-30, CS2-60 and CS2-90. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observation, a swelling ratio test, and an antibacterial assay are performed to evaluate the influence of differing evaporation times on the CS membranes. The test results show that membrane CS1 types have good properties. In particular, CS1-60 possesses an optimal swelling property and a maximum inhibition zone.

Abstract: Smart textiles have been widely discussed as a result of a fact that wearable technique has been used in healthcare, sports, tele-rehabilitation, and military fields. Textiles are characterized as comfortable, and thus suitable for long-term wearing, and therefore this study proposes to prepare humidity-sensitive textiles with electrical conductivity. Woven manufacturing is used in order to provide the textiles with desired mechanical properties of the woven fabrics that use high strength polyester (PET) fibers as the warp yarn, and cotton fibers and stainless steel fibers as two weft yarn types. Cotton fibers are water absorbent, while stainless steel fibers are electrically conductive and thus are able to provide sensing function. The humidity-sensitivity of the textiles relies on electrical conductivity; this study observe the fabric structure, water contact angle, and electrical conductivity of the fabrics in order to fabricate mechanically strong and humidity sensitive smart textiles.

Abstract: The bites of Forcipomyia taiwana (F. taiwana) cause swelling and pruritus in sensitive skins, and are often prevented by synthetic repellents. The commercially available repellents are composes of N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide, long-term use of which may results in negative influence on skins as well as nervous and immune systems. This study first examines how different organic solvents influence on the repellent effect on F. taiwana, after which solvents are used for the extraction of Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kaneh, Cymbopogon excavates, Mentha, Rosmarinus officinalis, Salvia officinalis, and Eucalyptus globulus. The plant extracts are tested for their repellent effect on F. taiwana with a Y-tube test. The experiment results show that of all solvents, only water attracts F. taiwana, furthermore, with water as the solvent, except for Eucalyptus globulus, all the other plant extracts, are repellent to F. taiwana.

Abstract: This study combines hydrophilic and soft Tencel^® fibers and low-melting-point polylactic acid (LMPLA) fibers by needle-punching and hot press processes to form moisture-retentive and comfortable Tencel^®/LMPLA composite nonwoven fabrics. Air permeability, water vapor transmission rate, softness, water content rate, and water loss rate tests are performed on the composite nonwoven fabrics. The experiment results show that when hot pressed at 130 and 150 °C, the Tencel^®/LMPLA composite nonwoven fabrics have good water absorption, water retention, and softness, which can be concluded as successfully moisture-retentive and comfortable Tencel^®/LMPLA composite nonwoven fabrics.

Abstract: Polypropylene (PP) and styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene triblock copolymer (SEBS) are blended at a ratio of 70/30 to serve as matrices, to which graphene nanosheets (GNs), the reinforcement, are then added to form PP/SEBS/GNs nanocomposites. A differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) test, tensile test, conductivity test, and electromagnetic interference shielding test are performed on the nanocomposites to examine the crystalline, mechanical, and electromagnetic properties. DSC results show that the content of GNs is proportional to the crystallization temperature of PP. The conductivity and electromagnetic inference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) increase with an increase in the content of GNs, and can reach an optimal 0.244 S/m and 22 dB, respectively. The results of a tensile test show that an increasing content of GNs results in a decrease and then an increase in the tensile strength of the nanocomposites, until it reaches optimal tensile strength is 17.44 MPa.

Abstract: In the environment research, Sulfur Dioxide is one of the most important pollutants of the stationary pollutant sources and Sulfur Dioxide emission concentration is the important parameters of EPA pollutant monitoring system in the fomer study. NDIR is the common method on measuring Sulfur Dioxide emission concentration. The monodispersion soot difference position can change the collection acceptance angle of the received system and can influent the infrared light intensity, so Sulfur Dioxide emission concentration error is increasing. To reduce the monodispersion soot position interference, the interference is studied in this paper. The monodispersion soot different angle range infrared light intensity is calculated. Numerical simulation results show that the monodispersion soot difference position can reduce Sulfur Dioxide concentration measurement accuracy. The solution method is brought out and can improve the Sulfur Dioxide concentration accuracy.

Abstract: Excessive bleeding becomes a primary cause for war wound death, accident death and operative death. Therefore, decreasing the bleeding time and operation time were play an important role in the preoperative period. In this study, the Tencel^® fiber and high absorbent fiber were used to produce high absorption composite nonwoven fabrics. As the result of experiment, the higher high absorption fiber that will create the high stiffness, in addition, the nonwoven has upper stiffness at cross direction. In wicking behavior, the composite nonwoven has about absorption water reach 14 g when the high absorption fiber was 50 wt%. The assessment of application for this study anticipated the resulted high absorption composite nonwoven fabrics to be used as hemostasis material to decrease the ratio of dead person on bleeding.

Abstract: With the advancement of industry, the utilization of cushion package to apply on the products of civilian, sports, electric, precise equipment increases extensively, which are brittle and vulnerable that need to be protected. In the research, the Recycled High Strength PET fiber, Recycled Kevlar fiber and low melting PET fiber are selected as materials, which the content of Recycled Kevlar fiber is stationary. The composite nonwoven fabric was manufactured by non-woven processing and subsequently estimated its stab-resistant strength and air permeability. The composite nonwoven fabric was being heat treatment which can make low melting point PET fiber bonding with other fibers in order to enhance the mechanical property of composite nonwoven fabric.