Paper Titles

Synthesis and Properties of Polypropylene Carbonate Polyol-Based Waterborne Polyurethane
p.58

Curing Process of Epoxy Resin Using Low Molecular Polyamide 651 as Curing Agent
p.63

Synthesis of Bis(p-aminophenoxy)Dimethylsilane(p-APDS) and its Process Optimization
p.67

Structure and Mechanical Properties of Starch/Styrene-Butadiene Latex Composites
p.74

Experimental Advances in Effect of Waviness on Properties of Fibre Reinforced Composite Materials
p.82

Effect of Crosslinker Type on the Properties of Surface-Crosslinked Poly(sodium acrylate) Superabsorbents
p.89

Phase Separation in Thermosetting Blends of Epoxy Resin with PS-b-PCL and PI-Si Block Copolymers
p.95

Effect of PZN Addition on Piezoelectric and Ferroelectric Properties of Pb (Zr_1/2Ti_1/2)O₃ Ceramics
p.101

Effect of External Magnetic Field on Dielectric Spectroscopy of Modified PZT Ceramics
p.105

HomeAdvanced Materials ResearchAdvanced Materials Research Vol. 936Experimental Advances in Effect of Waviness on...

Experimental Advances in Effect of Waviness on Properties of Fibre Reinforced Composite Materials

Article Preview

Abstract:

Categories, fabrication techniques, characterization techniques, and effect of waviness on properties of fibre reinforced composite materials and structures are reviewed. Waviness exerts a great affluence on properties of composite materials and structures, which leads to a significant degradation or reduction of mechanical performances, such as static compressive/tensile strength, compressive fatigue life, and so on. Various factors related to waviness nested into the composite materials and structures, including wave geometry, thickness position of the wavy layer, percentages of layers with waviness, are considered and stated in detail. Failure mode of laminate containing waviness and the reasons for their failure initiation are analytically stated. At last, some prospects about this study are presented.

You might also be interested in these eBooks

Materials Science and Engineering Technology

Info:

Periodical:

Advanced Materials Research (Volume 936)

Pages:

82-88

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.936.82

Citation:

Cite this paper

Online since:

June 2014

Authors:

Jun Zhu, Ji Hui Wang*

Keywords:

Characterization, Composite Material, Fabrication Technique, Failure Mode, Waviness

Export:

RIS, BibTeX

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Request Permissions

Permissions PLS:

Request Permissions

Сopyright:

© 2014 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

* - Corresponding Author

[1] K.D. Potter and P.M. Weaver, A concept for the generation of out-of-plane distortion from tailored FRP laminates, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 35 (2004) 1353-1361.

DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2004.06.022

[2] T.A. Bogetti, J.W. Gillespie and M.A. Lamontia, Influence of ply waviness on the stiffness and strength reduction on composite laminates, J. Thermoplast. Compos. Mater. 5 (1992) 344-369.

DOI: 10.1177/089270579200500405

[3] D.O.H. Adams and M. Hyer, Effects of layer waviness on the compression strength of thermoplastic composite laminates, J. Reinf. Plast. Compos. 12 (1993) 414-429.

DOI: 10.1177/073168449301200404

[4] D.O.H. Adams and S.J. Bell, Compression strength reductions in composite laminates due to multiple-layer waviness, Compos. Sci. Technol. 53 (1995) 207-212.

DOI: 10.1016/0266-3538(95)00020-8

[5] H. Hsiao and I. Daniel, Effect of fiber waviness on stiffness and strength reduction of unidirectional composites under compressive loading, Compos. Sci. Technol. 56 (1996) 581-593.

DOI: 10.1016/0266-3538(96)00045-0

[6] H. Hsiao and I. Daniel, Elastic properties of composites with fiber waviness, Compos Part A–Appl. Sci. Manuf. 27 (1996) 931-941.

DOI: 10.1016/1359-835x(96)00034-6

[7] I. Daniel and H. Hsiao, Effects of strain rate and fiber waviness on the compressive behaviour of composite laminates, ICCM-12, Paris, France, July 5-9, (1999).

[8] H. -J. Chun, J. -Y. Shin and I.M. Daniel, Effects of material and geometric nonlinearities on the tensile and compressive behavior of composite materials with fiber waviness, Composites Science and Technology 61 (2001) 125-134.

DOI: 10.1016/s0266-3538(00)00201-3

[9] J. Mandell, D. Samborsky and L. Wang, Effects of fiber waviness on composites for wind turbine blades, International Sampe Symposium and Exhibition, SAMPE 2003, 2653-2666.

[10] T.W. Riddle, D.S. Cairns and J.W. Nelson, Characterization of Manufacturing Defects Common to Composite Wind Turbine Blades: Flaw Characterization, AIAA SDM Conference, Denver, Colorado, (2011).

DOI: 10.2514/6.2011-1758

[11] J. Wang, K. Potter, K. Hazra and M. Wisnom, Experimental fabrication and characterization of out-of-plane fiber waviness in continuous fiber-reinforced composites, J. Compos. Mater. 46 (2012) 2041-(2053).

DOI: 10.1177/0021998311429877

[12] M.R. Piggott, The effect of fibre waviness on the mechanical properties of unidirectional fibre composites: a review, Compos. Sci. Technol. 53 (1995) 201-205.

DOI: 10.1016/0266-3538(95)00019-4

[13] T. -W. Chou, Flexible composites, Journal of Materials Science 24 (1989) 761-783.

[14] L. Wang, Effects of In-plane Fiber Waviness on the Properties of Composite Materials, M. S. Thesis, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, (2001).

[15] J.W. Nelson, T.W. Riddle and D.S. Cairns, Effects of defects in composite wind turbine blades: Round 2, Sandia National Laboratories, September, (2012).

DOI: 10.2172/1055593

[16] J.S. Lightfoot, M.R. Wisnom and K. Potter, Defects in woven preforms: formation mechanisms and the effects of laminate design and layup protocol, Compos Part A–Appl. Sci. Manuf. 51 (2013) 99-107.

DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2013.04.004

[17] J.W. Nelson, D.S. Cairns and T.W. Riddle, Manufacturing Defects Common to Composite Wind Turbine Blades: Effects of Defects, Proceedings AIAA Aerospace Science Meeting, Wind Energy Symposium, (2011).

DOI: 10.2514/6.2011-1756

[18] S. Yurgartis, Measurement of small angle fiber misalignments in continuous fiber composites, Compos. Sci. Technol. 30 (1987) 279-293.

DOI: 10.1016/0266-3538(87)90016-9

[19] A. Clarke, G. Archenhold and N. Davidson, A novel technique for determining the 3D spatial distribution of glass fibres in polymer composites, Compos. Sci. Technol. 55 (1995) 75-91.

DOI: 10.1016/0266-3538(95)00087-9

[20] C. Creighton, M. Sutcliffe and T. Clyne, A multiple field image analysis procedure for characterisation of fibre alignment in composites, Compos Part A–Appl. Sci. Manuf. 32 (2001) 221-229.

DOI: 10.1016/s1359-835x(00)00115-9

[21] K.K. Kratmann, M. Sutcliffe, L. Lilleheden, R. Pyrz and O.T. Thomsen, A novel image analysis procedure for measuring fibre misalignment in unidirectional fibre composites, Composites Science and Technology 69 (2009) 228-238.

DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2008.10.020

[22] R. Adams and P. Cawley, A review of defect types and nondestructive testing techniques for composites and bonded joints, NDT international 21 (1988) 208-222.

DOI: 10.1016/0308-9126(88)90333-1

[23] R. Smith and B. Clarke, Ultrasonic C-scan determination of ply stacking sequence in carbon-fibre composites, Insight 36 (1994) 741-747.

[24] R.A. Smith, L.J. Nelson, M.J. Mienczakowski and R.E. Challis, Automated analysis and advanced defect characterisation from ultrasonic scans of composites, Insight-Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring 51 (2009) 82-87.

DOI: 10.1784/insi.2009.51.2.82

[25] A. Jüngert, Damage Detection in wind turbine blades using two different acoustic techniques, 7th fib PhD Symposium, Stuttgart, Germany, September 11-13, The NDT Database & Journal (NDT) (2008).

[26] J. Martín-Herrero and C. Germain, Microstructure reconstruction of fibrous C/C composites from X-ray microtomography, Carbon 45 (2007) 1242-1253.

DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2007.01.021

[27] R.F. Anastasi, Investigation of fiber waviness in a thick glass composite beam using THz NDE, The 15th International Symposium on: Smart Structures and Materials & Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, San Diego, California, March 09, International Society for Optics and Photonics 2008, 69340K-69348K.

DOI: 10.1117/12.776765

[28] D. Francis, R. Tatam and R. Groves, Shearography technology and applications: a review, Measurement Science and Technology 21 (2010) 102001.

DOI: 10.1088/0957-0233/21/10/102001

[29] C. -M. Kuo, K. Takahashi and T. -W. Chou, Effect of fiber waviness on the nonlinear elastic behavior of flexible composites, Journal of Composite Materials 22 (1988) 1004-1025.

DOI: 10.1177/002199838802201101

[30] H. Hsiao, S. Wooh and I. Daniel, Fabrication methods for unidirectional and crossply composites with fiber waviness, Journal of advanced materials 26 (1995) 19-26.

[31] M.R. Wisnom and J.W. Atkinson, Compressive failure due to shear instability: experimental investigation of waviness and correlation with analysis, J. Reinf. Plast. Compos. 15 (1996) 420-439.

DOI: 10.1177/073168449601500404

[32] B. Khan, K.D. Potter and M.R. Wisnom, Simulation of process induced defects in resin transfer moulded woven carbon fibre laminates and their effect on mechanical behaviour, The 8th International Conference on Flow Processes in Composite Materials (FPCM8), Douai, France, (2006).

[33] P. Davidson, A.M. Waas, C.S. Yerramalli, K. Chandraseker and W. Faidi, Effect of Fiber Waviness on the Compressive Strength of Unidirectional Carbon Fiber Composites, 53rd AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, April, 2012, 23-26.

DOI: 10.2514/6.2012-1422

[34] A. Mrse and M. Piggott, Compressive properties of unidirectional carbon fibre laminates: II. The effects of unintentional and intentional fibre misalignments, Composites Science and Technology 46 (1993) 219-227.

DOI: 10.1016/0266-3538(93)90156-b

[35] M.R. Wisnom and J. Atkinson, Fibre waviness generation and measurement and its effect on compressive strength, J. Reinf. Plast. Compos. 19 (2000) 96-110.

DOI: 10.1106/myqg-t534-upa5-rpfk

[36] D.P. Avery, D.D. Samborsky, J.F. Mandell and D.S. Cairns, Compression strength of carbon fiber laminates containing flaws with fiber waviness, ASME Wind Energy Symposium, ASME/AIAA, AIAA, Nashville, 2004, 54-63.

DOI: 10.2514/6.2004-174

[37] P. Duangmuan, Layer Waviness Effects on Compression Strength of Composite Laminates: Progressive Failure Analysis and Experimental Validation, PhD thesis, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, (2012).