Advanced Materials Research Vols. 941-944

Abstract: ASP flooding technology is an important means to further improve oil recovery of oil field later high water-cut stage. As is found in pilot test of ASP flooding, in the process of injecting ASP combinational flooding fluid, alkaline chemical react with the rocks minerals in reservoir and dissolve and elute the portion of the silicon in rocks minerals after injecting into formation. Due to the mixed flow occurred in near well bore zone and the changes in pressure and temperature, produced liquid produces mixed silicon scale near the well .The serious scaling phenomenon has affected the production efficiency and the further popularization of the ASP flooding technology.The serious scaling phenomenon has affected the production efficiency and the further popularization of the ASP flooding technology.It is very important to study and solve the problem of ASP flooding silicon scale.In this paper,we studied the interaction ternary displacement liquid and formation, analysised the physical and chemical processes of silicon scale, researched and analysised the differences on the microscopic pore structure between water flooding cores and ASP flooding cores as well as the situation of silicon scale after the ASP flooding by using SEM technology.

Abstract: Because of the rapid development of China's coal industry, the average depth of mine increase continuelly, the stress increases obviously, roadway are often difficult to support in many coal mine especially in soft rock. Soft rock have traits of low strength, expansion and rheology seriously, affect the safety of mine production and economic benefits, thus the supporting of soft rock roadway engineering has become one of the most complex and the most major problems to solve. By analysising the deformation characteristics of soft rock and deformation characteristics and influence factors of soft rock roadway, We discuss the supporting method and supporting principle of soft rock roadway.

Abstract: Hailar oilfield Nantun Formation is a set of lacustrine sedimentation, the sedimentation dominated by gravity flow,the rock contains a lot of argillaceous components. This paper analyzes the content of mud in mud sandstone in Nantun Formation by means of X-ray diffractometer, the rock mechanics parameters were measured.The results show that mud content increases with the decrease of the young's modulus, mud content increases with the increase of the Poisson's ratio; at the same time, with the increasing of the shale content, the compressive strength of rock reduce, and the tensile strength showed increasing trend; different clay contents of mud sand rock stress strain relationship is not the same, when the clay content ≤20%, rock stress strain is elastic constitutive relation, the shale content 20%-30%, the stress-strain relationship is approximate to the ideal elastic-plastic, shale content ≥30%, stress strain relation of rock strain hardening and softening of two parts including plastic deformation. Fault mud sandstone first with increasing clay content decreases, when the rock is elastic plasticity, fracture little overall change.

Abstract: This paper outlines an effective approach to making composite backfill using mine waste material. Composite materials are widely used in many areas of engineering because of their unique structural properties. Cemented rock-tailings are one of the most prevalent materials used for composite backfill because they can effectively make use of mine waste rock and mill tailings that would otherwise be simply considered waste. This backfill method has the capability of maintaining the mine environment while still allowing for continued mine development. An experimental study is being conducted in a cooperative mine research project to investigate the properties of backfill material and specifically the mechanical characteristics of cemented waste rock-tailings fill. This study details the characteristics of the composite backfill aggregate with respect to the compressive strength of the cemented rock-tailings fill and the backfill mix-proportion, as well as outlines a new method of study for cemented rock-tailings fill mechanics. The study results show the compressive strength of cemented rock-tailings fill is dependent mainly on the cement and waste rock content. Ensuring a precise backfill mix proportion can effectively reduce the cement dosage, thereby decreasing the backfill cost realized for the mine.

Abstract: This paper takes Al₂O₃-70% natural mullite raw bauxite ore (Referred to 70-ore) and Al₂O₃-70% bauxite based homogenized grogs green adobe (Referred to 70-grog), produced by Beijing Tongda Refractory Technologies Co.,Ltd.through wet homogenization and vacuum pug process, as raw materials. 70-ore and 70-grog are fired respectively at 1100°C, 1300°C, 1400°C, 1600°C for 4 hours. Research on the influence of sintering temperature on the phase compositin, microstructure and bulk density. Analysis on the phase reaction during the sintering process. The results show that: Phase distribution of 70-ore is uneven. α-Al₂O₃ decomposed by diaspore is difficult to contact with amorphous SiO₂ decomposed by kaolinite, this makes α-Al₂O₃ particle be unable to dissolve into amorphous SiO₂, and causes twice crystallizing of mullite reaction hardly to happen. After a series of homogenizing treament, diasepore and kaolinite phase of 70-grog distribute more uniformly, which don’t destory the ore structure, and accelerate the twice crystallizing of mullite reaction. Compared with 70-ore, the twice crystallizing of mullite reaction extent of 70-gorg is more thoroughly. Rising the sintering temperature is beneficial for the twice crystallizing of mullite reaction, the growth of mullite and the bulk density of mateials. The adobes produced through wet homogenization and vacuum pug process have a big volume shrinkage, so controlling the removal of crystal water,the formation and growth of mullite are the keys to get dense bauxite based homogenized grogs.

Abstract: In this paper, the author points out several key problems needed to be solved about the dynamics of frozen soil by reviewing related literatures about hysteretic curve of frozen soil ,dynamic constitutive relation and dynamical parameter. The problems are the insufficient understanding on morphological characteristics of hysteretic curve and how to transform qualitative understanding into quantitative understanding about morphological characteristics of hysteretic curve. The problem is the rationality of selecting the dynamic constitutive model, namely how to establish the engineering applicable model which conforms to the actual soil mechanics performance.The problem is the rationality of the calculation method about dynamic elastic modulus and damping ratio, namely how to define dynamic modulus of elasticity of frozen soil correctly and the limitation of using the classical method to calculate the damping.

Abstract: The creep characteristic of saturated silt soil was studied by k₀ consolidation creep test through two stress paths of axial loading and lateral lightening. According to test datas, some conclusions were submitted. First, the axial creep laws between the two stress paths were consistent on drainage conditions. Volume strains were much smaller than Axial strains. Volume strains presented alternation characteristic between shear shrinkage and shear dilatancy along with time extension. The silt soil creep constitutive model was presented. The results suggested combining the NHRI model describing the transient elastic-plastic strain with the creep empirical formula describing creep strain to establish the creep constitutive model.

Abstract: Industrial washing oil as solvent, super clean coal was extracted and prepared from raw coal using heat extraction technology. The structures of raw coal and super clean coal were characterized by thermogravimetry, Fu Liye infrared spectrum, Gieseler fluidity. The results showed that the heat extraction rate of super clean coal was decreased with the increasing of coalification degree. The ash of raw coal which were silicate and alumina can be concentrated by heat extraction technology into coal residue and the mixtures of various structure were mainly composed of aromatic hydrocarbons also can be extracted effectively. Compared with raw coal, the super clean coal had lower softening temperature,higher final fluid temperature and curing temperature,thus it had the plastic range wider. Thickness of plastic layer was determinate by 80%Si-ma lean coal matching 20% super clean coal which can be considered coking binder was obtained from Xiao-kang village 1/3 coking coal heat extraction. The Y value is 27.4. The coal coking was in complete fusion state after experiment.

Abstract: To make sure the abundance of Tilapias blood resources in China can be utilized more scientificly and effectively, the extraction conditions of heme from Tilapias blood by enzymatic hydrolysis were studied in this paper. The optimal hydrolysis conditions of protamex have been fixed by the single factor and the orthogonal experiments: The optimum temperature of 40°C, optimum pH of 8.0, substrate concentration (S) was 6%, enzyme/substrate (E/S) was 8000U/g, hydrolysis time (T) was 2 hours. Followed by the heat treatment, acid precipitation and vacuum freeze drying could get the heme at last, which yield was 80.9%, purity was 28.2%. This technology is simple and practical, low production cost and suitable for industrialized production, which is not only reduce environmental pollution, but also increase the economic efficiency of enterprises effectively. This research could provide theoretical evidence for making the best use of Tilapias blood resources.