Advanced Materials Research Vol. 977

Abstract: Shengli lignite (SL) was extracted with toluene/ethanol at the condition of ultrasonic extraction and the dissolved matters was further analyzed with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). 41 organic compounds (OCs) including aliphatic hydrocarbons, arenes, organoheteratom compounds and organo-silicon compound were detected. The analysis of these high-valued OCs from soluble SL can provide an important theoretical basis for non-fuel of lignite. Keywords: Shengli lignite; ultrasonic extraction; soluble organic compounds; GC/MS analysis

Abstract: The influence of butanol/gasoline blends at low temperature for-7°C, on cold-start emissions of a spark-ignition engine was tested. In cold-start period of the engine, the efficiency of the engine was expected to be poor, and the air/fuel mixture would be leaner for the more butanol added. The experimental results showed that the engine could be stable with B10 and B30 in cold-start, and HC and CO emissions reduced more significantly with more butanol added.

Abstract: Due to the excellent physical and chemical characteristics and mechanical properties of the tungsten heavy alloy (WHA), the WHAs have been widely applied in many areas of the national economy. In this paper, the concept of the WHA is introduced briefly, and the preparation process and properties of the WHAs are summarized. Compared with depleted uranium alloy, the WHA shows broad application prospects in the field of kinetic energy projectile.

Abstract: A dye-sensitized TiO₂ thin film photoanode and carbon-based counter elctrode were fabricated on the FTO substrate with doctor-blade method. And we have coated the ZnO nanoparticles successfully on the TiO₂ photoanode through a simple dipping treatment. The photoelectric performance of the assembled cells was investigated by absorption spectra and current-voltage characteristics (I-V curves). Results show that the absorbance of ZnO/TiO₂ composite photoanode increases 5.4% compared to pure TiO₂ photoanode. The optimal photoelectronic property can be reached when dipping time is 2h in Zn (CH₃COO)₂ solution. And at this point, the photoelectric conversion efficiency increases up to 50%. The enhancement mechanism has been discussed in detail.

Abstract: Fluorine-doped tin dioxide (FTO) nanocrystals were prepared with sol–gel method using SnCl₄·5H₂O and NH₄F as precursor material. The FTO was characterized with X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Thermal Analysis and Thermal Grativity (DTA-TG) and Infrared Radiation (IR) respectively. The electrical property was measured with Hall Effect Sensor. The result of XRD and SEM shows that FTO nanocrystal size is about 20 nm and the dimension of the grain is about 300 nm. IR spectrum analysis proves fluorine doping. The crystal phase transformation was discussed with DTA-TG curve. When the sintering temperature is 450°C, the sintering time is 60 min, and the molar ratio of F to Sn is 2:10, the sheet resistance of FTO film is 107Ω/□.

Abstract: Precast concrete lightweight partition boards would produce cracks when they were installed and used for a certain period of time. And the cracks were not easy to control. Research group conducted a survey in daiyue district of tai’ an city in order to solve the problem. And then the paper expounded the causes of the cracks and put forward the relevant measures to solve problem concerning about the cracks of the precast lightweight partition board. Finally research group found that the incidence of cracks markedly decreased.

Abstract: A simple and non-toxic way was employed to fabricate electrical conductive TiO₂ materials based on a chemical reduction process here. Glucose was selected as a reductant to reduce AgNO₃ to obtain Ag-modified TiO₂ nanoparticles. The properties of the nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, TEM, and fourpoint probe resistivity meter. The results show that the TiO₂ was successfully modified by Ag nanoparticles, and the major crystalline phase of TiO₂ in the Ag-modified TiO₂ composite is anatase phase. The size of Ag increased with the AgNO₃ concentration increasing. Compared with pure TiO₂, the Ag modified TiO₂ has a higher electrically conductive. In principle, it is expected to be a general and versatile approach to increase the conductivity of insulator or semiconductor.

Abstract: In order to calculate the efficiency of hydrocarbon expulsion by material balance method, we analyzed and corrected the geochemical parameters of five source rock samples. The hydrocarbon generation kinetic parameters of these samples were calibrated by the model of limited parallel first order reaction, and then these were extrapolated with the burial history and thermal history, then we got the hydrocarbon-generating section. Combined with the corrected geochemical parameters calculate the generating hydrocarbon amounts and expulsive hydrocarbon amounts. The result shows that: expulsion efficiency of hydrocarbon source rocks in this research were mainly between 59.1% -91.8%. It is determined by maturity (Ro), type of organic matter and pyrolysis parameters S₁、S₂.

Abstract: A new inorganic coagulant polymeric aluminum zinc ferric (PAZF) was prepared using a galvanized aluminum slag as the main material. Coagulation performance was evaluated by jar test on printing and dyeing wastewater and landscape water treatment, and the optimum conditions for the two tested water samples were investigated to be coagulant dosage of 70 and 210 mg/L, pH value of 8.0 and 9.0, and settling time of 15 and 20 min. The removal of turbidity, chroma and COD for printing and dyeing wastewater treatment were 93.8%, 83.32% and 62.19% respectively with turbidity, TP and COD removal for landscape water treatment as 86.98%, 82.39% and 86.82%.

Abstract: A new composite coagulant polymeric aluminum zinc ferric (PAZF) was synthesized from industrial wastes. The structure and morphology of the coagulant was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Infrared Spectroscopy (IR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the coagulation performances were evaluated by dyeing-printing wastewater treatment. The results show that new complex compounds are formed in PAZF. Compared with poly aluminum chloride (PAC), the contents of ionic polymerized bonds and the cross-copolymerization among Fe (III), Al (III) and Zn (II) hydroxyl polymerized bonds are increase obviously, and the surface morphology of PAZF presents a net-like structure with the longer molecular chain. Coagulation experiments indicate that PAZF exhibits better coagulation performance in removing turbidity, COD and chromaticity.