Numerical Study on Flexural Behaviour of Steel-GFRP Hybrid-Reinforced Concrete Beams

Abstract:

To alleviate the corrosion issue, GFRP bars are usually preferred over steel reinforcing bars. However, its application causes larger deflection and brittle failure of concrete members. To solve this, steel bars can be used in combination with GFRP bars to reduce deflection and enhance ductility. Steel-GFRP hybrid reinforced concrete is a relatively recent concept, as a result, it is still in the development stage. This study numerically examines the flexure response of concrete beams reinforced with hybrid reinforcement i.e., GFRP bars combined with steel. A total of five numerical models were developed for this investigation. The analysis methodology is based on the models developed for investigation of GFRP reinforced concrete beams which was validated with experimental studies. It is found that with an increase in the replacement percentage of steel in GFRP RC beams, the ultimate load is increased. Also, it is observed that there is a significant reduction in deflection in post-cracking and pre-steel yielding region along with enhancement in the attributes of ductility which is beneficial for serviceability aspects. The steel-GFRP hybrid-reinforced concrete beams were found to have failed by yielding of steel and subsequent concrete crushing.

• Periodical: Construction Technologies and Architecture (Volume 13)
• Pages: 103-108
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-OCbYf0
• Online since: July 2024
• Authors: Muhammad Saad Ifrahim*, Abdul Jabbar Sangi
• Keywords: Fe Analysis, GFRP Bar, Hybrid Reinforcement, Numerical Study, Reinforced Concrete

References

[1] A. Nanni, A. De Luca, and H. Jawaheri Zadeh, "Reinforced concrete with FRP bars mechanics and design." CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 2014.

DOI: 10.1201/b16669

[2] M.S. Ifrahim, A.J. Sangi, and S.H. Ahmad, "Experimental and numerical investigation of flexural behaviour of concrete beams reinforced with GFRP bars," Structures, vol. 56, p.104951, 2023.

DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2023.104951

[3] Z. Saleh, M. Neaz Sheikh, A.M. Remennikov, and A. Basu, "Response of concrete beams reinforced with GFRP bars under static loads," in ACMSM25, Springer, 2020, p.765–774.

DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-7603-0_73

[4] M.S. Ifrahim, A.J. Sangi, and S.M. Hamza, "Experimental Study on Bond Strength of Locally Manufactured GFRP Bar," Eng. Proc., vol. 22, no. 1, p.4, 2022.

DOI: 10.3390/engproc2022022004

[5] P.D. Nguyen, V.H. Dang, and N.A. Vu, "Performance of concrete beams reinforced with various ratios of hybrid GFRP/steel bars," Civ. Eng. J., vol. 6, no. 9, p.1652–1669, 2020.

DOI: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091572

[6] H. Abbas, A. Abadel, T. Almusallam, and Y. Al-Salloum, "Experimental and analytical study of flexural performance of concrete beams reinforced with hybrid of GFRP and steel rebars," Eng. Fail. Anal., vol. 138, p.106397, 2022.

DOI: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2022.106397

[7] J. Xu, P. Zhu, and W. Qu, "Numerical and Analytical Study of Concrete Beams Reinforced with Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Polymer and Steel Bars," J. Compos. Constr., vol. 26, no. 5, p.4022045, 2022.

DOI: 10.1061/(asce)cc.1943-5614.0001230

[8] J. Yuan, D. Gao, Y. Zhang, and H. Zhu, "Improving Ductility for Composite Beams Reinforced with GFRP Tubes by Using Rebars/Steel Angles," Polymers (Basel)., vol. 14, no. 3, p.551, 2022.

DOI: 10.3390/polym14030551

[9] Y. H. Liu and Y. Yuan, "Experimental Studies on High Strength Concrete Beams Reinforced with Steel and GFRP Rebars," Appl. Mech. Mater., vol. 238, p.669–673, 2012.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.238.669

[10] R. Qin, A. Zhou, and D. Lau, "Effect of reinforcement ratio on the flexural performance of hybrid FRP reinforced concrete beams," Compos. Part B Eng., vol. 108, p.200–209, 2017.

DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.09.054

[11] D.-Y. Yoo, N. Banthia, and Y.-S. Yoon, "Flexural behavior of ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete beams reinforced with GFRP and steel rebars," Eng. Struct., vol. 111, p.246–262, 2016.

DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.12.003

[12] M. A. Safan, "Flexural behavior and design of steel-GFRP reinforced concrete beams," ACI Mater. J., vol. 110, no. 6, p.677, 2013.

DOI: 10.14359/51686335

[13] G. Xingyu, D. Yiqing, and J. Jiwang, "Flexural behavior investigation of steel-GFRP hybrid-reinforced concrete beams based on experimental and numerical methods," Eng. Struct., vol. 206, p.110117, 2020.

DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.110117

[14] R. Devaraj, A. Olofinjana, and C.Gerber, "Making a Case for Hybrid GFRP-Steel Reinforcement System in Concrete Beams: An Overview," Appl. Sci., vol.13, no. 3, p.1463, 2023.

DOI: 10.3390/app13031463