Preparation and Investigation on Thermal Characteristics of Nanoenhanced Phase Change Material

Abstract:

A new form of composite PCMs is developed by adding 0.5 wt% of SiO₂, TiO₂, ZnO and CuO nanomaterials to lauric acid. Phase change temperatures of lauric acid range from 43.92°C to 44.65°C and 40.84°C to 41.36°C, respectively. In addition, the phase change latent heats are 183.23 kJ/kg and 183.68 kJ/kg at room temperature, respectively. Thermal properties of PCM with nanomaterials were discussed in terms of weight fractions. The improvement in thermal conductivity of the PCM owing to the dispersion of nanomaterials was verified by laser flash analyser (LFA). Hence, the newly developed composite PCMs holds great potential as a candidate for harnessing solar energy in low-temperature heating systems. Keywords: Phase Change Material (PCM), Melting, freezing, Nanomaterials and Lauric acid.

• Periodical: Engineering Headway (Volume 5)
• Pages: 3-11
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-05Sy5d
• Online since: April 2024
• Authors: P. Sivasamy*, Muthiah Athi, Sundarrajan D, H Kanagasabapathy, P Durkaieswaran, B Jegan
• Keywords: Freezing, Lauric Acid, Melting, Nanomaterials, Phase Change Material (PCM)

References

[1] Da Cunha JP, Eames P. Thermal energy storage for low and medium temperature applications using phase change materials–a review. Applied energy. 2016 Sep 1;177:227-38.

DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.097

[2] Kaygusuz K. The viability of thermal energy storage. Energy Sources. 1999 Aug 1;21(8):745-55.

[3] Sharma RK, Ganesan P, Tyagi VV, Mahlia TM. Accelerated thermal cycle and chemical stability testing of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 for solar thermal energy storage. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 2016 Apr 1;147:235-9.

DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2015.12.023

[4] Sharma RK, Ganesan P, Sahu JN, Metselaar HS, Mahlia TM. Numerical study for enhancement of solidification of phase change materials using trapezoidal cavity. Powder technology. 2014 Dec 1;268:38-47.

DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2014.08.009

[5] Sivasamy P, Harikrishnan S, Jayavel R, Hussain SI, Kalaiselvam S, Lu L. Preparation and thermal characteristics of caprylic acid based composite as phase change material for thermal energy storage. Materials Research Express. 2019 Aug 23;6(10):105051.

DOI: 10.1088/2053-1591/ab3a78

[6] Wang Y, Gao X, Chen P, Huang Z, Xu T, Fang Y, Zhang Z. Preparation and thermal performance of paraffin/Nano-SiO2 nanocomposite for passive thermal protection of electronic devices. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2016 Mar 5;96:699-707.

DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.11.106

[7] Brinker CJ, Cao G. Annual Review of Nano Research. World Scientific; 2006.

[8] Manoj Kumar P, Mylsamy K, Saravanakumar PT. Experimental investigations on thermal properties of nano-SiO2/paraffin phase change material (PCM) for solar thermal energy storage applications. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects. 2020 Oct 1;42(19):2420-33.

DOI: 10.1080/15567036.2019.1607942

[9] Harikrishnan S, Kalaiselvam S. Preparation and thermal characteristics of CuO–oleic acid nanofluids as a phase change material. Thermochimica Acta. 2012 Apr 10;533:46-55.

DOI: 10.1016/j.tca.2012.01.018

[10] Yuan H, Bai H, Lu X, Zhang X, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Yang L. Size controlled lauric acid/silicon dioxide nanocapsules for thermal energy storage. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 2019 Mar 1;191:243-57.

DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2018.11.019

[11] Fang G, Li H, Liu X. Preparation and properties of lauric acid/silicon dioxide composites as form-stable phase change materials for thermal energy storage. Materials Chemistry and Physics. 2010 Aug 1;122(2-3):533-6.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2010.03.042

[12] Cai Y, Ke H, Dong J, Wei Q, Lin J, Zhao Y, Song L, Hu Y, Huang F, Gao W, Fong H. Effects of nano-SiO2 on morphology, thermal energy storage, thermal stability, and combustion properties of electrospun lauric acid/PET ultrafine composite fibers as form-stable phase change materials. Applied Energy. 2011 Jun 1;88(6):2106-12.

DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.12.071

[13] Kumar PM, Mylsamy K. Experimental investigation of solar water heater integrated with a nanocomposite phase change material. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2019 Apr 15;136(1):121-32.

DOI: 10.1007/s10973-018-7937-9

[14] Wang J, Xie H, Xin Z. Thermal properties of paraffin based composites containing multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Thermochimica Acta. 2009 May 5;488(1-2):39-42.

DOI: 10.1016/j.tca.2009.01.022

[15] Amin M, Putra N, Kosasih EA, Prawiro E, Luanto RA, Mahlia TM. Thermal properties of beeswax/graphene phase change material as energy storage for building applications. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2017 Feb 5;112:273-80.

DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.10.085

[16] Kim DH, Ryu HW, Moon JH and Kim J 2006 Effect of ultrasonic treatment and temperature on nanocrystalline TiO2 J. Power Sources 163 196–200.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.12.060

[17] Zhu D, Li X, Wang N, Wang X, Gao J and Li H 2009 Dispersion behavior and thermal conductivity characteristics of Al2O3 –H2O nanofluids Current Appl. Phys. 9 131–9.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cap.2007.12.008

[18] O'connell MJ, Bachilo SM, Huffman CB, Moore VC, Strano MS, Haroz EH, Rialon KL, Boul PJ, Noon WH, Kittrell C, Ma J. Band gap fluorescence from individual single-walled carbon nanotubes. Science. 2002 Jul 26;297(5581):593-6.

DOI: 10.1126/science.1072631

[19] Sivasamy, P., S. Harikrishnan, and A. Devaraju. "Experimental investigation of improved thermal characteristics of Al2O3 /barium hydroxide octa hydrate as phase change materials (PCMs)." Materials Today: Proceedings 5, no. 6 (2018): 14440-14447.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2018.03.030

[20] Ibrahim SA, Sreekantan S. Effect of pH on TiO2 nanoparticles via sol-gel method. InAdvanced Materials Research 2011 (Vol. 173, pp.184-189). Trans Tech Publications Ltd.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.173.184

[21] Wang, J, Xie, H, Xin, Z, Li, Y & Chen, L 2010, 'Enhancing thermal conductivity of palmitic acid based phase change materials with carbon nanotubes as fillers Sol', Energy, vol. 84, pp.339-344.

DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2009.12.004

[22] Karaipekli, A, Biçer, A, Sarı, A & Tyagi, VV 2017, 'Thermal characteristics of expanded perlite/paraffin composite phase change material with enhanced thermal conductivity using carbon nanotubes', Energy conversion and management, vol. 134, pp.373-381.

DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2016.12.053

[23] Mishra AK, Lahiri BB, Philip J. Thermal conductivity enhancement in organic phase change material (phenol-water system) upon addition of Al2O3, SiO2 and TiO2 nano-inclusions. Journal of Molecular Liquids. 2018 Nov 1;269:47-63.

DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.08.001

[24] Sim L, Ramanan SR, Ismail H, Seetharamu KN, Goh TJ. Thermal characterization of Al2O3 and ZnO reinforced silicone rubber as thermal pads for heat dissipation purposes. Thermochimica acta. 2005 Jun 1;430(1-2):155-65.

DOI: 10.1016/j.tca.2004.12.024

[25] Liu M, Lin MC, Wang C. Enhancements of thermal conductivities with Cu, CuO, and carbon nanotube nanofluids and application of MWNT/water nanofluid on a water chiller system. Nanoscale research letters. 2011 Dec;6(1):1-3.

DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-6-297