Design and Manufacturing of Portable Pressure Sensor for Measuring the Interface Pressure between the Body and (Orthosis or Socket Prosthesis)

Abstract:

In this study, a sensor system was designed and manufactured to measure the interface pressure between the limbs and the orthosis or between the stump and the socket prosthesis. It is also used to determine the value and location of corrective forces when using orthosis to correct deformities in the limbs or spine. The sensor system consists of a force sensor mat (43.69 x 43.69 mm), Arduino, LCD monitor, and connecting cables. When comparing the device manufactured in this study with other devices, this device is characterized as lightweight, easy to move, low cost and gives instant pressure on the LCD screen. In this study, the interventional pressure measurement system was manufactured and programmed and compared to the F-Socket measurement system. The practical part was tested on a patient suffering from med-lateral instability in the ankle joint at the right leg. The interventional pressure between the leg and orthosis was measured in two ways at the regions (posterior, lateral, medial) .the first method using the pressure measurement system manufactured in this study and the second method by using the F-Socket device. The test results showed that the values ​​of pressure readings using the manufactured system are close to the values ​​of pressure readings obtained when using the F-Socket device. This indicates that the accuracy of the readings of the manufactured system and can be used for research purposes as well as in the process of placing pads in the appropriate place within the orthosis to correct the deformity or help to provide valuable information on the manufacturing, modification and fitting of prosthetic sockets. despite its simple structure and low cost as compared with F-Socket devise.

• Periodical: Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering (Volume 45)
• Pages: 12-21
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/JBBBE.45.12
• Online since: May 2020
• Authors: Fahad Mohanad Kadhim*, Salim Fattah Awad, Muhammad Safa Al-Din Tahir
• Keywords: Arduino, Force Sensor, Orthosis, Prostheses

References

[1] K.M. Walke and P.S. Pandure,Mechanical Properties of Materials Used for Prosthetic Foot: A Review, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE). (2017) 61-65.

DOI: 10.9790/1684-17010026165

[2] Fahad .M.Kadhim, Ayad .M.Takhakh and Jumaa.S.chiad,Vibration Measurement and analysis of knee Ankle foot orthosis for both metal and plastic KAFO type, ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and exposition, USA,(2013).

DOI: 10.1115/imece2013-64641

[3] Avrum Hollinger, Marcelo M. Wanderley, Evaluation of commercial force-sensing resistors, In Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, Paris, France,(2006).

[4] Ahmed M. Almassri, W. Z. Wan Hasan, S. A. Ahmad, A. J. Ishak, A. M. Ghazali, D. N. Talib, Chikamune Wada,Pressure sensor: State of the art, design, and application for robotic hand, Journal of Sensors, Hindawi Publishing Corporation. 2015 (2015)12.

DOI: 10.1155/2015/846487

[5] Schofield JS, Evans K.R, Hebert J.S, Marasco P.D, Carey J.P,The effect of biomechanical variables on force-sensitive resistor error: Implications for calibration and improved accuracy, Jornal of Biomechinich. 49 (2016)786–792.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.01.022

[6] A. Jor, S. Dash, A. S. Bappy, A. Rahman,Foot Plantar Pressure Measurement Using Low-Cost Force Sensitive Resistor (FSR): Feasibility Study, Journal of scientific research, 11 (2019) 311-319.

DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v11i3.40581

[7] Fahad M. Kadhim, Ayad M. Takhakh, Asmaa M. Abdullah,Mechanical Properties Of Polymer With Different Reinforcement Material Composite That Used For Fabricates Prosthetic Socket, Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research and Developments (JMERD),42 (2019)118-123.

DOI: 10.26480/jmerd.04.2019.118.123

[8] Fahad M. Kadhim, Marfa Salah Hayal,Analysis and Evaluating of Flexible Ankle Foot Orthosis for Drop Foot Deformity,Defect and Diffusion Forum, 398 (2020) 41-47.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.398.41

[9] A.A. Polliack, r.C. Sieh, d. D. Craig, s. Landsberger,d. R. Mcneil and e. Ayyappa, Scientific validation of two commercial pressure sensor systems for prosthetic socket fit, Prosthetics and Orthotics International. 24 (2000) 63-73.

DOI: 10.1080/03093640008726523

[10] Shaker S. Hassan, Khadim K. Resan and Akeel Zeki Mahdei,Design and Analysis of Knee Ankle Foot Orthosis (KAFO) for Paraplegia Person, Eng. & Tech. Journal.31(2013) 1522-1533.

[11] Gianna Morelli, Amanda Martin and Audrey Hendriks, Incorporating pressure mapping systems in an f-socket to improve transtibial prosthetics , Swanson School of Engineering First-Year Conference Paper,(2019).

[12] Munish, Sarita, Yadav S,Orthotic (Pressure Sensing Insole) Using FSR Sensor for People Suffering From Foot Pronation, International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology. 3 (2017) 1609-1616.

[13] FSR 406 Data Sheet,(2019).