Low Temperature Chemical Synthesis and Investigation of Cadmium Substituted of Structural Properties of Cobalt Nano Ferrites

Abstract:

This article presents, the systematic and successful preparation of cadmium substituted cobalt ferrite (Co_1-xCd_xFe₂O₄) nanoparticles via simple co-precipitation method. X-ray diffraction study confirmed the prepared ferrite nanoparticles were crystallized with a mono phase cubic spinel structure of Fd3m space group. The average crystallite size (D_xrd) was increased with Cd doping content, due to the replacement of Co²⁺ ions by Cd²⁺ ions. XRD pattern revealed the high intense peak corresponds to (311) lattice plane and confirmed the formation of cubic structure ferrite nanoparticles. Morphological study was done by using SEM images. The grain size found to be increased with Cd concentration and it reaches the highest of around 0.9μm for Co_0.52Cd_0.48Fe₂O₄ composition. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy of prepared samples was recorded in the range of 1000-350 cm^-1, confirmed the spinel structure.

• Periodical: Journal of Metastable and Nanocrystalline Materials (Volume 39)
• Pages: 37-47
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-SV7exq
• Online since: April 2024
• Authors: Priyanka Kashid, S.N. Mathad*, Mahadev R. Shedam, Rakesh R. Shedam
• Keywords: Cadmium Cobalt Nano Ferrites, Chemical Synthesis, Structural Properties

References

[1] Manhas N., Kumar L.S., Adimule V., Photoluminescence and supercapacitive properties of carbon dots nanoparticles: A review, Journal of Metastable and NanocrystallineMaterials37, 2023, 1-22.

DOI: 10.4028/p-lpi6yw

[2] Manhas N., Kumar L.S., Adimule V., Early‐Stage Diagnosis of Breast Cancer: Amelioration in Approaches, Drug and Therapy Development for Triple Negative Breast Cancer, 2023,1-34.

DOI: 10.1002/9783527841165.ch1

[3] Adimule V., Manhas N., Nandi S., Additively Manufactured Electrochemical and Biosensors,In Practical Implementations of Additive Manufacturing Technologies, Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 20123, 191-204.

DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-5949-5_9

[4] Manhas N., Adimule V., Lakshminarayana P., Keri R., Kumar L.S., Bathula C., Utilization of Co2+ doped Eu2O3 nanostructures and their effect on the dielectric and photoisomerization of liquid crystals, Physics of Fluids35(10), 2023, 107112.

DOI: 10.1063/5.0171578

[5] Rajendrachari S., Esgin H.,  Yilmaz V. M.,  Caglar Y., Fabrication and characterization of green synthesized ZnO nanoparticle based dye-sensitized solar cells, Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices 5, 2020, 185-191.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2020.04.005

[6] Rajendrachari S., Taslimi P., Karaoglanli A.C., Uzun O., Alp E., Jayaprakash G.K., Photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye in waste water and enzymatic inhibition study using cauliflower shaped ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by a novel One-pot green synthesis method, Arabian Journal of Chemistry 14, 2021, 103180.

DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103180

[7] Reddy S., Kumaraswamy B.E., Aruna S., Kumar M., Rajendrachari S., Jayadevappa H., Preparation of NiO/ZnO hybrid nanoparticles for electrochemical sensing of dopamine and uric acid, Chemical sensors 2, 2012, 1-8.

[8] Rajendrachari S., Kumaraswamy B.E., Simultaneous electro-generation and electro-deposition of copper oxide nanoparticles on glassy carbon electrode and its sensor application, SN Applied Sciences 2, 2020, 1-10.

DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-2785-1

[9] Rajendrachari S., Ramakrishna D., Functionalized nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors: A sensitive sensor platform, Woodhead Publishing, 2022, 3-25.

DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-823788-5.00010-7

[10] Rajendrachari S, Chaira D., Kumaraswamy B.E., Electrochemical investigation of duplex stainless steel at carbon paste electrode and its application to the detection of dopamine, ascorbic and uric acid, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research 6, 2015, 1863-1871.

[11] Chandrashekar B.N., Kumaraswamy B.E., Pandurangachar M., Sathisha T.V., Sherigara B.S., Electropolymerisation of l-arginine at carbon paste electrode and its application to the detection of dopamine, ascorbic and uric acid, Colloid Surface B. 88, 2011, 413– 418.

DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.07.023

[12] Jayaprakash G.K., Kumaraswamy B.E., Rajendrachari S., Sharma S.C., Moreno R.F., Dual descriptor analysis of cetylpyridinium modified carbon paste electrodes for ascorbic acid sensing applications, Journal of Molecular Liquids 334, 2021, 116348.

DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116348

[13] Rajendrachari S., Kumaraswamy B.E., Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using leaves of Acacia melanoxylon and their application as dopamine and hydrogen peroxide sensors, Physical Chemistry Research 8, 2020, 1-18.

[14] Adimule V., Manhas N., Sharma K., Bathula C., Structural, optical, Raman characteristics of C-nanospheres incorporated Gd2O3: SeO2 nanoclusters for energy storage applications. Physics of Fluids, 35(10), 2023, 107121.

DOI: 10.1063/5.0171702

[15] Adimule V., Nandi S., Manhas N., Lakshminarayana P., Surfactant-based Ion-selective Electrodes. Surfactant-based Sensors in Chemical and Biochemical Detection, 2023, 193.

DOI: 10.1039/bk9781837671182-00193

[16] Adimule V., DV.S, Sharma K., Manhas N., Bathula, C., Development of Highest Value of the Measured Efficiency of Mesoporous Petal Shaped Europium (III) Doped Cobalt Tetroxide@ Cupric Oxide Hybrid Nanomaterials for Enhanced Room Temperature Photoluminescence and Fluorescence Decay Properties. Journal of Fluorescence, 2023,1-17.

DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03471-1

[17] Adimule V., Medapa S., Kumar L.S., Rao P.K. Synthesis, Characterization and Cytotoxic evaluation of Novel derivatives of 1-[2-(Aryl substituted)-5-(4'-Fluoro-3-methyl biphenyl-4-yl)-[1,3,4] oxadiazole-3-yl]-ethanone. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 4(3), 2014,88-91.

[18] Pai M., Batakurki S., Adimule V., Yallur B.C. Optical Graphene for Biosensor Application: A Review. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 908, 2022, 51-68.

DOI: 10.4028/p-rs3qal

[19] Challa M., Ambika M.R., Usharani S.R., Yallur B.C., Adimule V., Enhancement of Band Gap Energy and Crystallinity of Cu-MOFs Due to Doping of Nano Metal Oxide. Advanced Materials Research, 1173, 2022, 13-22.

DOI: 10.4028/p-f9yx5h

[20] Adimule V., Gowda A.H.J., Nandi, S.S., Bowmik D., Antimalarial activity of novel class of 1, 3‐benzoxaborole derivatives containing 1, 3, 4‐oxadiazole moiety. Drug Development for Malaria: Novel Approaches for Prevention and Treatment, 2022, 285-302.

DOI: 10.1002/9783527830589.ch12

[21] Adimule V., Batakurki S., Bhat V.S., Yallur B.C., Hegde G., Bathula, C., Enhanced dielectric and supercapacitive properties of spherical like Sr doped Sm2O3@ CoO triple oxide nanostructures. Journal of Energy Storage, 57,2023, 106318.

DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2022.106318

[22] Nandi S.S., Adimule V., Kadapure S.A., Kerur S.S., Rare Earth Based Nanocomposite Materials for Prominent Performance Supercapacitor: A Review. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 908, 2022, 3-18.

DOI: 10.4028/p-rff302

[23] Adimule V.M., Batakurki S.R., Pai M.M., Nandi S., Donor–Acceptor‐Based Heterocyclic Compounds as Chemotherapy and Photothermal Agents in Treatment of Breast Cancer Cell. Drug and Therapy Development for Triple Negative Breast Cancer, 2023, 201-219.

DOI: 10.1002/9783527841165.ch11

[24] Adimule V., Kendrekar P., Yallur B.C., Sawant A.D., Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Activity of Novel Poly-3-butyl Thiophene Embedded TiO2@ ZnO Hybrid Nanocomposites. BioNanoScience, 2023, 1-17.

DOI: 10.1007/s12668-023-01160-8

[25] A.K. Subramani A. K., Kondo K., Tada M., Abe M., Yoshimura M., Matsushita N., Spinel ferrite films by a novel solution process for high frequency applications, Materials Chemistry and Physics 123, 2010, 16-19.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2010.02.031

[26] Hu W., Qin N., Wu G., Lin Y., Li S., Bao D., Opportunity of Spinel Ferrite Materials in Nonvolatile Memory Device Applications Based on Their Resistive Switching Performances, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134 (36), 2012,14658–14661.

DOI: 10.1021/ja305681n

[27] Kharat P. B., Somvanshi S. B., Khirade P., Jadhav K. M., Exploration of thermoacoustics behavior of water based nickel ferrite nanofluids by ultrasonic velocity method, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron 30,2019, 6564–6574.

DOI: 10.1007/s10854-019-00963-4

[28] Jadhav S.A., Somvanshi S.B., Khedkar M.V., Patade S.R., Jadhav K.M., Magneto-structural and photocatalytic behavior of mixed Ni–Zn nano-spinel ferrites: visible light-enabled active photodegradation of rhodamine B, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron 31,2020,11352-11365.

DOI: 10.1007/s10854-020-03684-1

[29] Patade S.R., Andhare D.D., Somvanshi S.B., Kharat P.B., More S.D., Jadhav K.M., Preparation and characterisations of magnetic nanofluid of zinc ferrite for hyperthermia, Nanomaterials and Energy 9(1), 2020, 813.

DOI: 10.1680/jnaen.19.00006

[30] Kale S.B., Somvanshi S.B., Sarnaik M.N., More S.D., Shukla S.J., Jadhav K.M., Enhancement in surface area and magnetization of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery application, AIP Conference Proceedings 1953,2018,030193.

DOI: 10.1063/1.5032528

[31] Gadkari A.B., Shinde T.J., Vasambekar P.N., Electrical and Humidity Sensing Study of Nanocrtsyallite Mg-Cd Ferrites, Sensor and transducer Journal 137(2), 2012,145-154.

[32] Dippong T, Levei E.A., Cadar O, Mesaros A, Borodi G, Sol-gel synthesis of CoFe2O4: SiO2 nanocomposites–insights into the thermal decomposition process of precursors, Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis 125, 2017,169-177.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2017.04.005

[33] Repp S., Harputlu E., Gurgen S., Castellano M., Kremer N., Pompe N, Hoffmann J.W., Thomann R., Emen F., Weber S., Pcakoglu K.E., Synergetic effects of Fe 3+ doped spinel Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide for high surface electrode hybrid supercapacitors, Nanoscale 10(4), 2018, 1877-1884.

DOI: 10.1039/c7nr08190a

[34] Folgueras L.C., Alves M.A., Rezende M.C., Dielectric properties of microwave absorbing sheets produced with silicone and polyaniline, Materials Research 13, 2010 197-201.

DOI: 10.1590/s1516-14392010000200013

[35] Maaz K., Karim S., Mashiatullah A., Liu J., Hou M.D., Sun Y.M., Duan J.L., Yao H.J., Mo D., Chen Y.F., Structural analysis of nickel doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles prepared by coprecipitation route, Physica B: Condensed Matter 404, 2009, 3947-3951.

DOI: 10.1016/j.physb.2009.07.134

[36] Nayak P.K., Synthesis and characterization of cadmium ferrite, Materials Chemistry and Physics 112, 2008, 24-26.

[37] Reddy C.V., Byon C., Narendra B., Baskar D., Srinivas G., Shim J., Prabhakar S.V.P. Vattikuti, Investigation of structural, thermal and magnetic properties of cadmium substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles, Superlattices and Microstructures 82, 2015, 165-173.

DOI: 10.1016/j.spmi.2015.02.014

[38] Farea A.M.M., Kumar S., Batoo K.M., Yousef A., Lee C.G., Alimuddin, Structure and electrical properties of Co0.5CdxFe2.5−xO4 ferrites, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 464, 2008, 361-369.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.09.126

[39] Abdeen A.M., Hemeda O.M., Assem E.E., El-Sehly M.M., Structural, electrical and transport phenomena of Co ferrite substituted by Cd, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 238, 2002, 75–83.

DOI: 10.1016/s0304-8853(01)00465-6

[40] Kulkarni A.B., Mathad S.N., Variation in structural and mechanical properties of Cd-doped Co-Zn ferrites, J. Mater. Sci. Energy Technol. 2, 2019,455-462.

DOI: 10.1016/j.mset.2019.03.003

[41] Surendra M.K., Kannan D., Rao M.S. R., Magnetic and dielectric properties study of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles synthesized by co-precipitation method, J. Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings,1368, 2011, 11-40.

DOI: 10.1557/opl.2011.1281

[42] Rafferty A., Prescott T, Brabazon D., Sintering behaviour of cobalt ferrite ceramic, Ceramics International 34 (1), 2008, 15-21.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2006.07.012

[43] Saragi T., Nurjannah S., Novia R., Syakir N., Simanjuntak E., Safriani L., Risdiana R., Bahtiar A., Synthesis of Cobalt Ferrite Particles by Utilized Sol-Gel Method, J. Mater. Sci. Forum, 827, 2015, 219-222.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.827.219

[44] Kuciakowski J., Stepien J., Zukrowski J., Lachowicz D., Zywczak A., Gajewska M., Przybylski M., Pollastri S., Olivi L. Sikora M., Kmita A., Thermal Decomposition Pathways of ZnxFe3–xO4 Nanoparticles in Different Atmospheres, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 61 (34), 2022, 12532–12544.

DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01572

[45] Allaedini G., Tasirin S.M., Aminayi P., Magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite synthesized by hydrothermal method, International Nano Letters 5, 2015, 183-186.

DOI: 10.1007/s40089-015-0153-8

[46] Henaish A.M.A., Hemeda O.M. Alqarni A., Refaay D.E.E., Hamad M.A., The role of flash auto-combustion method and Mn doping in improving dielectric and magnetic properties of CoFe2O4, J. Appl.Phys.A.126, 2020, 1-8.

DOI: 10.1007/s00339-020-04030-2

[47] Shashidharagowda H., Mathad S.N., Effect of incorporation of copper on structural properties of spinel nickel manganites by co-precipitation method, J.Mater. Sci.Energy. Technol.3, 2020, 201-208.

DOI: 10.1016/j.mset.2019.10.008

[48] Vishwaroop R., Mathad S.N., Synthesis, structural, WH plot and size-strain analysis of nano cobalt doped MgFe2O4 ferrite, J.Sci.Sinter. 52, 2020, 349-358.

DOI: 10.2298/sos2003349v

[49] Bader N., Benkhayal A.A., Zimmermann B., Co-precipitation as a sample preparation technique for trace element analysis: an overview, Int.J.Chem.Sci.12, 2014, 519-525.

[50] Patil M.R., Rendale M.K., Mathad S.N., Pujar R.B., Structural and IR study of Ni0.5–x Cd x Zn0.5Fe2O4, Int. J. Self-Propagating High- Temp.Synth. 24, 2015, 241–245.

DOI: 10.3103/s1061386215040081

[51] Kashid P., Shedam M., Kulkarni A.B., Mathad S.N., Shedam R., Synthesis and structural studies of nano Co0.85Cd0.15Fe2O4 Ferrite by Co-precipitation method, J.Adv.Phys.6, 2017,1-4.

DOI: 10.1166/jap.2017.1373

[52] Zhang Y., Yang Z., Yin D, Liu Y., Fei C., Xiong R., Shi J., Yan G., Composition and magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite nano-particles prepared by the co-precipitation method, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 322, 2010, 3470-3475.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2010.06.047

[53] Das S., Manoharan C., Venkateshwarlu M., Dhamodharan P., Structural, optical, morphological and magnetic properties of nickel doped cobalt ferrite nanoparticles synthesized by hydrothermal method, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 30, 2019,19880-19893.

DOI: 10.1007/s10854-019-02355-0

[54] Dhamodharan P., Manoharan C, Dhanapandian S, Bououdina M, Ramalingam S., Preparation and characterization of spray deposited Sn-doped ZnO thin films onto ITO subtracts as photoanode in dye sensitized solar cell, J. Mater. Sci. 26, 2015, 4830–4839.

DOI: 10.1007/s10854-015-2990-7

[55] Priyadharsini P., Pradeep A., Rao P.S., Chandrasekaran G., Structural, spectroscopic and magnetic study of nanocrystalline Ni–Zn ferrites, J.Mater. Chem. Phys.116, 2009, 207–213.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2009.03.011

[56] Dalawai S.P., Shinde T.J., Gadkari A.B., Vasambekar P.N, Structural properties of Cd–Co ferrites, Bull. Mater. Sci.36, 2013, 919– 922.

DOI: 10.1007/s12034-013-0529-1

[57] Molakeri A.S., Kalyane S., Mathad S.N., Elastic Properties of nickel ferrite synthesized by combustion and microwave method using FT-IR spectra, Int. J. Adv. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol.3, 2017, 422-427.

[58] Rahimi M., Eshraghi M., Kameli P., Structural and magnetic characterizations of Cd substituted nickel ferrite nanoparticles, J. Ceram. Int. 40, 2014, 15569-15575.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.07.033

[59] Sushant, S.K., Choudhari, N.J., Patil, S. N.Mathad, Development of M–NiFe2O4 (Co, Mg, Cu, Zn, and Rare Earth Materials) and the Recent Major Applications. Int. J Self-Propag. High-Temp. Synth. 32, 2023, 61–116.

DOI: 10.3103/s1061386223020061

[60] Pathan, A. T., Shaikh, A. M., Sushant, S. K., & Mathad, S. N., Effect of synthesis methods and comparative study of structural properties of micro and nano Ferrites. Physics and Chemistry of Solid State, 24(1), 2023, 77-83.

DOI: 10.15330/pcss.24.1.77-83

[61] Galagali, S. L., Patil, R. A., Adaki, R. B., Hiremath, C. S., Mathad, S. N., Pujar, A. S., & Pujar, R. B., Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and elastic properties of Mg1-x Cdx Fe2O4 ferrite systems. Songklanakarin Journal of Science & Technology, 41(5), 2019.

DOI: 10.3103/s1061386218020073