­Two-Stage Hydrothermal Synthesis of TiO₂ Nanotubes with Variations of TiO₂/NaOH Molar Ratio

Abstract:

TiO₂ nanomaterial is a semiconductor material that exhibits promising photocatalysis activity. TiO₂ nanomaterials can be converted into several forms, including TiO₂ nanotubes, which have a larger surface area and more applications. In this study, TiO₂ nanotubes were synthesized hydrothermally using TiO₂ micro powder precursors. The synthesis involved two hydrothermal stages: the first to synthesize TiO₂ nanoparticles from TiO₂ micro powder precursors, and the second to synthesize TiO₂ nanotubes from TiO₂ nanoparticle precursors. TiO₂ micro powder was added to the synthesis of TiO₂ nanoparticles by hydrothermal at mole ratios of TiO₂/NaOH of 0.01, 0.025, and 0.04, respectively. The TiO₂ nanoparticles obtained exhibit a morphology in the form of short fibers, with particle sizes increasing as the mole ratios are added. Furthermore, they possess an anatase crystal structure at all mole ratios of TiO2/NaOH. Subsequently, the TiO₂ nanoparticles are calcined at 450°C. The results of the TiO2 nanoparticle calcination show that the morphology is in the form of short fibers, which are smaller than those of the uncalcinated sample. The calcinated sample also has larger particle sizes and an anatase crystal structure, compared to the uncalcinated sample. The TiO₂ nanotubes obtained exhibit an elongated tube morphology with outer diameters ranging from 3.93 to 11.44 nm, inner diameters ranging from 2.5 to 4.25 nm, and a wall thickness of 1.09 to 3.4 nm. The surface area of the TiO2 nanotubes is 256.744 m²/g.

• Periodical: Journal of Metastable and Nanocrystalline Materials (Volume 40)
• Pages: 15-24
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-012PpZ
• Online since: August 2024
• Authors: Tanti Haryati*, Dzulkifli Florenda Metiardo, Alvina Nur Diana, Suwardiyanto Suwardiyanto, Yudi Aris Sulistiyo, Novita Andarini
• Keywords: Hydrothermal, TiO₂ Nanotubes, TiO₂/NaOH Molar Ratio

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