Characterization of Quartz Crystallinity in Naturally Occurring Clay Minerals Using Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopy

Abstract: Carbonate hydroxylapatite (CHAP) with different carbon content synthesized by precipitation, As raw material to calcium nitrate、potassium phosphate、potassium carbonate, by changing the incorporation of potassium carbonate.The CHAP was characterized by XRD、TEM and FTIR. And through analysis compared structure and morphology of carbon hydroxyapatite with different carbon content.

Abstract: Magnesia-alumina spinel-corundum composite was prepared with waste slide plate and waste magnesia carbon brick. The magnesia-alumina spinel-corundum composites were investigated with XRD, SEM, DSC/TG. With the increasing amount of the waste slide plate used and increasing of synthesis temperature, the bulk density of the sample increase and the apparent porosity decrease, but the crystallinity of the sample decrease and the magnesia-alumina spinel phase increases. The obtained composite contained 72 wt % spinel, corundum 26 wt %. Primary and secondary phase were bonded by glass phase. The results shows that it is feasible to synthesis magnesia-alumina spinel-corundum material with waste slide plate and waste magnesia carbon brick.

Abstract: The physicochemical characteristics of pineapple peel cellulose prepared by three different methods were studied in this paper. SEM images showed a honeycomb-patterned structure on the surface of the cellulose prepared by fermentation and regenerated from [Amim]Cl and it showed compact feature on the surface of the one prepared by chemical method. FT-IR spectra analysis indicated they had similar chemical structure characteristic. XRD analysis results indicated typical cellulose I structural features of cellulose prepared by chemical method and fermentation while showing typical cellulose II structural features of cellulose by regenerated from [Amim]Cl. Futher analysis with TG and DTG confirmed that three cellulose all had characteristics of single fiber composition, but with different thermal decomposition phenomenon. It suggested that treatment with the ionic liquid [Amim]Cl could transformed crystal structure of pineapple peel cellulose from cellulose I to cellulose II. These findings may provide an approach on further utilization of pineapple peel cellulose.

Abstract: N-doped mesoporous TiO2 with high surface area and crystallinity were synthesized by sol-gel method using polyacrylamide (PAM) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the complex templates. The resulting materials were characterized by XRD, TEM, N2 adsorption-desorption, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. It is found that when the weight ratio of PAM and PEG is 1:4, the sample, prepared at 600 °C in nitrogen and at 500 °C in air, is anatase phase and has high surface area and crystallinity. The particle size and pore size of the sample are about 10 nm and 17 nm respectively. Compared with that of the undoped mesoporous TiO2, the absorption band edges of N-doped samples exhibit an evident red-shift. The results of the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO) show that N-doped sample appears to have higher photocatalytic activity under visible light than undoped sample.

Abstract: In this study, we proposed the use of distillers grains (DG) as a source for production of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) due to its high content of cellulose. The main objective of this work was to extract the distillers grains microcrystalline cellulose (DMCC) particles and investigate the structure characteristic by SEM, XRD and FTIR. The images of SEM for DG and DMCC particles show clear differences with modifications of DG fiber structure. The acid hydrolysis changed the crystallinity index and crystallite sizes of the DMCC particles compared to their source materials. In addition, we observe a change in the crystalline structure from X-ray diffractograms. The intensity of each peak changed obviously, demonstrating structure transformation induced by acid hydrolysis took place during the preparation of DMCC.