Polystyrene/MWCNTs Nanofiber Membranes characterizations in Reducing Sulfur Content in Crude Oil

Abstract:

Composite material membranes as fibers were produced by using electrospinning technology and these membranes characterized and evaluated their properties and performance in this research. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes impregnated in a polystyrene matrix to produce the composite membranes. The hydrophobicity of the membrane was improved by the composite concept with multi-walled carbon nanotubes because of the migration of MWCNTs into fiber structure with membranes. Field emission scanning electron microscopy used to study the morphologies of the membranes and illustrated the average diameters of produced fibers which found about 1.68-3.2 µm and average pore size which found about 3.6 – 4.7 µm for composite membranes and showed an increasing in fibers diameter and pore size with increasing of the MWCNTs amount while the membranes porosity still high percentage about 98%. Also the polystyrene with MWCNTs showed the ability of membranes to decrease the sulfur content from 2.8% for crude oil and reach to about 1.6 % with polystyrene/2% MWCNTs.

• Periodical: Key Engineering Materials (Volume 886)
• Pages: 86-96
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.886.86
• Online since: May 2021
• Authors: Ahmed H. Oleiwi, Akram R. Jabur*, Qusay F. Alsalhy
• Keywords: Composite Materials, Electrospinning, FE-SEM, MWCNTs, Sulfur Content

References

[1] Marshall, Alan G., and Ryan P. Rodgers. Petroleomics: Chemistry of the underworld., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105.47 (2008): 18090-18095.

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0805069105

[2] Javadli, Rashad, and Arno De Klerk. Desulfurization of heavy oil., Applied Petrochemical Research 1.1-4 (2012): 3-19.

DOI: 10.1007/s13203-012-0006-6

[3] Jabur, Akram R., Laith K. Abbas, and Safa M. Muhi Aldain. Ambient Temperature Affect the Pore size of PVA Nanofibers Tissues., Engineering and Technology Journal 33.6 Part (B) Scientific (2015): 1040-1047.

DOI: 10.30684/etj.35.4a.5

[4] Chayad, Fadhil A., Akram R. Jabur, and Shaimaa J. Kareem. The microstructure and characterization of nickel ferrite nanofibers., Advances in Natural and Applied Sciences 10.8 (2016): 48-56.

[5] Jabur, Akram Raheem, Laith Kais Abbas, and Saja Aqeel Moosa. Antibacterial Activity of Electrospun Silver Nitrate/Nylon 6 Polymeric Nanofiber Water Filtration Mats., Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal 13.1 (2017): 84-93.

DOI: 10.22153/kej.2017.10.001

[6] Kumar, Palaniswamy Suresh, et al. Hierarchical electrospun nanofibers for energy harvesting, production and environmental remediation., Energy & environmental science 7.10 (2014): 3192-3222.

DOI: 10.1039/c4ee00612g

[7] Jabur, Akram R., Majid H. Abdulmajeed, and Shafaq Y. Abd. Effect of Cu nanoparticles addition on improving the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of PVA electrospun polymeric film., AIP Conference Proceedings. Vol. 1968. No. 1. AIP Publishing LLC, 2018.

DOI: 10.1063/1.5039203

[8] R Jabur, Akram, Laith K Abbas, and Saja A Moosa. Fabrication and Characterization Membrane Prepared from Oxidized Multiwall Carbon Nanotube/Nylon 6 Composite., journal of kerbala university 11.3 (2015): 200-212.

[9] Kim, Eun-Sik, et al. Development of nanosilver and multi-walled carbon nanotubes thin-film nanocomposite membrane for enhanced water treatment., Journal of membrane science 394 (2012): 37-48.

DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2011.11.041

[10] Jabur, Akram R. Antibacterial activity and heavy metal removal efficiency of electrospun medium molecular weight chitosan/nylon-6 nanofibre membranes., Biomedical Materials 13.1 (2017): 015010.

DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aa9256

[11] Eda, Goki, and Satya Shivkumar. Bead structure variations during electrospinning of polystyrene., Journal of materials science 41.17 (2006): 5704-5708.

DOI: 10.1007/s10853-006-0069-9

[12] R.M. Nezarati, M.B. Eifert, E. Cosgriff-Hernandez, Effects of humidity and solution viscosity on electrospun fiber morphology, Tissue Eng. Part C Methods. 19 (2013): 810–819.

DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2012.0671

[13] Jabur, Akram R., Fadhil A. Chayad, and Noor M. Jalal. Fabrication and characterization of nylon 6/MWCNTs conductive polymer by electrospinning technique., International Journal of Thin Films Science and Technology 5.2 (2016): 1-9.

DOI: 10.18576/ijtfst/050205

[14] Chayad, Fadhil A., Akram R. Jabur, and Noor M. Jalal. Effect of MWCNT addition on improving the electrical conductivity and activation energy of electrospun nylon films., Karbala International Journal of Modern Science 1.4 (2015): 187-193.

DOI: 10.1016/j.kijoms.2015.10.004

[15] Jalal, Noor M., et al. Preparation, Microstructure and Morphology of Electrospun Sulfonated Polystyrene Films for Proton Exchange Membrane Hydrogen Fuel Cell., Energy Procedia 157 (2019): 1494-1505.

DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2018.11.314

[16] Fang, JunFei, YiMin Xuan, and Qiang Li. Preparation of polystyrene spheres in different particle sizes and assembly of the PS colloidal crystals., Science China Technological Sciences 53.11 (2010): 3088-3093.

DOI: 10.1007/s11431-010-4110-5

[17] Brugnara, M. A. R. C. O., et al. Wettability of porous materials, II: Can we obtain the contact angle from the Washburn equation., Contact angle, wettability and adhesion 4.143-164 (2006): 192.

DOI: 10.1201/b12166-11

[18] Wu, Jingya, et al. CNTs reinforced super-hydrophobic-oleophilic electrospun polystyrene oil sorbent for enhanced sorption capacity and reusability., Chemical Engineering Journal 314 (2017): 526-536.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2016.12.010

[19] Svinterikos, Efstratios, Ioannis Zuburtikudis, and Mohamed Al-Marzouqi. Carbon nanomaterials for the adsorptive desulfurization of fuels., Journal of Nanotechnology (2019): 1-3.

DOI: 10.1155/2019/2809867

[20] Crespo, Dennis, and Ralph T. Yang. Adsorption of organic vapors on single-walled carbon nanotubes., Industrial & engineering chemistry research 45.16 (2006): 5524-5530.

DOI: 10.1021/ie051106b

[21] Khaled, Mazen. Adsorption performance of multiwall carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide for removal of thiophene and dibenzothiophene from model diesel fuel., Research on Chemical Intermediates 41.12 (2015): 9817-9833.

DOI: 10.1007/s11164-015-1986-5