The Influence of Microstructure Quality on the Efficiency of Bucket Teeth of Career Excavators

Abstract:

The mining industry is the main base of the country's industrial potential, a significant part of which is the development and production of various rocks and minerals. The main type of machines used in open pit mining are powerful excavators, who make up the bulk of the equipment fleet of mining enterprises. Operating enterprises incur large losses due to wear and destruction of excavator bucket teeth, therefore, improving the quality of the tooth material is an urgent task. This article discusses the influence of the casting quality, including the cast structure of the material, on the performance of the excavator teeth. The object of research was the teeth of the buckets of Cat-391 and VOLVO-350 mining excavators made of 30Cr2Si2MnMo steel after long-term operation. The actual condition of the bucket teeth of mining excavators after operation was examined and microstructure, hardness and worn surfaces of the teeth was analyzed. The study showed that the efficiency of excavator bucket teeth is determined by the level of unevenness of the microstructure and microhardness and the presence of defects, hot and cold cracks. It has been established that the main reason for the accelerated failure of the teeth of open-pit excavator buckets is the superposition of various microstructural defects connected with unevenness of the metal microstructure and imperfection of the casting process. Main directions of increasing efficiency of mining excavators’ teeth bucket were identified.

• Periodical: Key Engineering Materials (Volume 941)
• Pages: 107-112
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-m5od44
• Online since: March 2023
• Authors: Lyudmila A. Galata*, Boris S. Ermakov, Roman G. Kancev, Julija S. Karzina
• Keywords: Cast Alloy Steel, Excavator Steeth Bucket, Hardness, Microstructure, Pouring Defects, Wear Resistance

References

[1] O.I. Sleptsov [and others], Increasing the strength of welded metal structures of mining and transport equipment in the conditions of the North, Novosibirsk, 2012.

[2] N.G. Davydov, High-manganese steel, Moscow, 1976.

[3] V.P. Shamonya, Durability of the teeth of buckets excavators EKG-8 in the conditions of Norilsk, Mining Journal (1966) 53-56.

[4] P.N. Lvov, Wear resistance of construction and road machinery parts, Moscow, Mashgiz, 1962.

[5] A. P. Gulyaev, Metallology, Textbook for universities, Moscow, Metallurgy, 1986.

[6] M.L Ed. Bernshtein, A.G. Rakhshtadt, Metallology and heat treatment of steel: Handbook, Moscow, Metallurgy, 1983.

[7] Ch. Barrett, T. Massalsky, Structure of metals, Metallurgy, 1984.

[8] I.I. Novikov, Heat treatment of metals: Textbook for universities. 4th ed., Metallurgy, 1986.

[9] Yu.P. Solntsev, Cold-resistant steels and alloys, Khimizdat (2005) 408.

[10] M. Korchynsky, Advanced Metallic Structural Materials and a New Role for Microalloyed Steels, Material Science Forum, 500-501 (2005) 471-480.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.500-501.471

[11] The examples of strength calculations using DSMFem [Electronic resource], Bryansk, DSMSoft, 2002.

[12] Yu.P. Solntsev, E.I. Pryakhin, Materials Science, Khimizdat, (2007) 51-60.

[13] V.I. Chebulaev, The fracture of the teeth of powerful mining excavators and methods for assessing their cold resistance, Strength of steels operations at low temperatures: Sat. scientific. tr., LTIHP, (1986) 21-26.