Effect of Recycled Waste PET Bottle Fibers on Mechanical Properties of Geopolymer Mixtures Containing Crushed Waste Glass Sands

Abstract:

This research focused on evaluating geopolymer mixture made of ASTM class F fly ash (FFA), ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), plastic fibers obtained from recycled waste pet bottles, and crushed waste glass bottle sand (WGS) from household waste. A total of 9 mixtures were designed: 3 mixtures with long fibers (5% of aggregate weight) and without WGS, 3 mixtures with shorter non-twisted fibers (2% of aggregate weight) and WGS, and 3 mixtures with shorter twisted fibers (2% of aggregate weight) and WGS. All geopolymer mixtures contained GGBFS, FFA, WGS, plastic fibers, and 10 M of alkali-activated solution. Mechanical properties of geopolymer mixtures were evaluated at 7, 14, and 28 days. Test results indicated that PET fiber-reinforced geopolymer mixtures have lower compressive strength than non-reinforced ones. The increased length of PET fiber and extended air-curing time also decrease compressive strength. Increasing WGS content generally tends to decrease the compressive strength, but 15% replacement shows improvement compared to the reference mixture. Adding PET fibers to the geopolymer mixtures significantly increases flexural strength due to better crack resistance and good strain-hardening effect. Non-twisted fibers concrete’s flexural strength was noticeably higher than that of twisted one, while the length of fibers did not have an impact. The introduction of fibers does not increase ultimate tensile strength. However, the strain coefficient was substantially increased. Non-twisted fibers geopolymer mixtures performed better than twisted ones in terms of tension resistance. The geopolymer mixture with 30% WGS showed the highest results.

• Periodical: Key Engineering Materials (Volume 979)
• Pages: 117-123
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-7qdQwk
• Online since: April 2024
• Authors: Dulat Ualiyev, Anel Galymzhankyzy, Islambek Manap, Zhaniya Omarova, Doszhan Temirbekov, Aizhan Tukaziban, Zhanbolat Artyk, Chang Seon Shon*, Dichuan Zhang
• Keywords: Geopolymer Mixture, Non-Twisted Fiber, Recycled Waste PET Fibers, Twisted Fiber, Waste Glass Sand

References

[1] Dr.-Ing. Joachim Harder, OneStone Consulting SL, Barcelona/Spanien, "Glass recycling – Current market trends," Recovery, Dec. 2019, [Online]. Available: recovery-worldwide.com/en/artikel/glass-recycling-current-market-trends-3248774.html

[2] Portland Cement Organization, "CARBON FOOTPRINT," 0020-11–105. [Online]. Available: https://www.cement.org/docs/default-source/th-paving-pdfs/sustainability/carbon-foot-print.pdf

[3] "Top 25 recycling facts and statistics for 2022," World Economic Forum, Nov. 21, 2022. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2022/06/recycling-global-statistics-facts-plastic-paper

[4] Topçu İ B and Canbaz M "Properties of concrete containing waste glass," Cement and Concrete Research, 34, no. 2, p.267–274, Feb. 2004.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2003.07.003

[5] Andiç‐Çakır Ö, Üzüm O, Yüksel C and Sarıkanat M, "Waste glass aggregate for cementitious and polymer concrete," Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Apr. 2016.

DOI: 10.1680/coma.15.00011

[6] Salim M U and Mosaberpanah M A, "The mechanism of alkali-aggregate reaction in concrete/mortar and its mitigation by using geopolymer materials and mineral admixtures: a comprehensive review," European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 26, no. 14, p.6766–6806, Aug. 2021.

DOI: 10.1080/19648189.2021.1960899

[7] Khatab H R, Mohammed S J and Hameed L A, "Mechanical properties of concrete contain waste fibers of plastic straps," IOP Conference Series, 557, no. 1, p.012059, Jun. 2019.

DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/557/1/012059

[8] Shaikh F U A, "Tensile and flexural behaviour of recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibre reinforced geopolymer composites," Construction and Building Materials, 245, p.118438, Jun. 2020.

DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.118438

[9] Mohammed A A and Mohammed I I, "Effect of Fiber Parameters on the Strength Properties of Concrete Reinforced with PET Waste Fibers," Iranian Journal of Science and Technology-Transactions of Civil Engineering, 45, no. 3, p.1493–1509, Jun. 2021.

DOI: 10.1007/s40996-021-00663-2

[10] Wang T, Fan X, Gao C, Qu C, Liu J and Yu G, "The Influence of Fiber on the Mechanical Properties of Geopolymer Concrete: A Review," Polymers, 15, no. 4, p.827–827, Feb. 2023.

DOI: 10.3390/polym15040827

[11] Patil A A, Chore H S and Dodeb P A, "Effect of curing condition on strength of geopolymer concrete," Advances in Concrete Construction, 2, no. 1, p.29–37, Mar. 2014.

DOI: 10.12989/acc.2014.2.1.029