Concentration Dependence of the Surface Tension of Three and Four-Component Systems with Peculiarities in the Surface Tension Isotherms of Lateral Binary Melts

Abstract:

The experimental study results of the melts concentration dependence of the surface tension of the four-component indium-tin-lead-bismuth system and its constituent binary systems of indium-tin, indium-lead, indium-bismuth, tin-lead, tin-bismuth, lead-bismuth are presented in the paper. It is shown that the concentration dependence of the melts surface tension of the In-Sn-Pb-Bi four-component system can be predicted from the data on ST (surface tension) values of lateral binary systems. Features in the ST isotherms in the form of a minimum are observed only in the indium-tin lateral system from all lateral binaries. A distinctive feature of the detected minimum is that the minimum depth slightly exceeds the experimental error. Therefore, in addition to the fact that the area of average compositions was studied more thoroughly, we carried out the surface tension measurements by two independent methods. The experimental data obtained by both methods coincide within the experimental error and indicate the extremum availability on ST isotherms. Thus, ST experimental studies by two independent methods confirmed the presence of a flat minimum on ST isotherms of the indium-tin binary system increasing the reliability of the obtained data. The obtained outcomes and their comparison with experimental data have shown that the considered models for predicting surface properties based on data due to similar properties of lateral binary systems adequately reflect the experimental dependences. However, the prediction model based on Kohler's method of excess values describes the experimental curves more accurately.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 1022)
• Pages: 194-202
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.1022.194
• Online since: February 2021
• Authors: R.Kh. Dadashev, R.A. Kutuev*
• Keywords: Concentration Dependence, Isotherms, Melts, Surface Layer Composition, Surface Tension

References

[1] Dadashev R.Kh., Thermodynamics of surface phenomena, Cambridge international science publishing, Great Abington, (2008).

[2] Dadashev R.Kh., Kutuev R.A., Sozaev V.A., Surface properties of alloys based on lead, tin, indium, cadmium, Moscow, Fizmatlit, (2016).

[3] Kovalchuk V.F., Kuznetsov B.A., Surface tension of indium-tin and thallium-lead alloys, Surface phenomena in melts, Kiev: Naukova dumka, (1968).

[4] Dadashev R.Kh., Ibragimov Kh.I., Iushaev S.M., Surface properties of indium-tin and thallium-bismuth melts Proceedings of higher educational institutions. Nonferrous metallurgy, 1, (1984), 121.

[5] Kashezhev A.Z., Kumykov V.K., Kutuev R.A., Ponezhev M.Kh., Sozaev V.A., Shermetov A.Kh., Density and surface tension of diluted Sn-In alloys, Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Physics, 80(6), (2016), 817-820.

DOI: 10.3103/s1062873816060150

[6] Dadashev R.Kh., Kutuev R.A., Surface Tension and Density of Indium-Tin Alloys, International Symposium Engineering and Earth Sciences: Applied and Fundamental Research, dedicated to the 85th anniversary of H.I. Ibragimov (ISEES 2019), DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/isees-19.2019.71.

DOI: 10.2991/isees-19.2019.71

[7] Ibragimov Kh.I., Paskacheva B.Kh., Thermophysical properties of metal and polymer melts, Moscow, Intermet Inzhiniring, (2006).

[8] Predel B., Eman A., Die Volumenanderung bei der Bildung flussiger Legierungen des Systems Ga-Sn, Ga-In, In-Bi, In-Pb, In-Sn und In-Tl I. Less-Common Metals, 18, (1969), 385-397.

DOI: 10.1016/0022-5088(69)90008-3

[9] Ashkhotov O.G. Zdravomyslov M.V., Pliushchenko R.V., Sardlishvili A.V., Surface tension of indium-lead alloys Journal of Physical Chemistry, 71(1), (197), 129-132.

[10] Kurshev O.I., Density, surface tension and electron work function of low-melting metals and alloys, Diss. Cand. of phys.-math. sciences. Nalchik, KBSU, (2005).

[11] Nizhenko V.I., Floka L.I., Surface tension of liquid metals and alloys, Moscow, Metallurgy,(1981).

[12] Chason E., Jadhav N., Chan W.L., Reinbold L., Kumar K.S., Whisker formation in Sn and Pb-Sn coatings: Role of intermetallic growth, stress evolution, and Plastic deformation process, Appl. physics letters, 92, (2008), 17 1901-R3.

DOI: 10.1063/1.2912528

[13] Chun-Chong Fu, Chin-chi Chen Investigations of wetting properties of Ni-V and Ni-Co alloys by Sn, Sn-Pb, Sn-Cu, and Sn-Ag-Cu solders, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of chemical Engineers, 42, (2011), 350-355.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2010.07.014

[14] Alchagirov B.B., Chochaeva A.M., Taova A.M., Influence of small impurities of lead on the tin surface tension, Bulletin of KBSU. Series of Physics Sciences, (2001), 20–21.

[15] Dadashev R.Kh., Alchagirov B.B., Elimkhanov D.Z., Talkhigova Kh.S., Dadasheva Z.I., Temperature dependence of the surface tension of a eutectic alloy, Bulletin of the Tambov State Technical University, 26 (1), (2020), 124-132.

DOI: 10.17277/vestnik.2020.01.pp.124-132

[16] Subbotin V.I., Ivanovskii M.N., Arnoldov M.N., Physico-chemical basis for the use of liquid metal coolants. Moscow, Atomizdat, (1970).

[17] Chirkin, V.S., Thermophysical properties of materials for nuclear technology, Moscow, Atomizdat. (1988).

[18] Alchagirov, B.B., Kurshev O.I., Mozgovoi A.G., Surface tension of liquid lead-bismuth eutectic at technically important temperatures, Perspektivnye Materialy, 6, (2003), 50-54.

[19] Kashezhev A.Z., Kutuev R.A., Ponezhev M.Kh., Sozaev V.A., Khasanov A.I., Density and surface tension polytherms of lead-based alloys, Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Physics, 76(6), (2012),881-883.

DOI: 10.3103/s1062873812070179