Mechanical Properties of Hydroxyapatite/La Prepared by a Solid Chemical Reaction Method

Abstract:

Mechanical properties of Hydroxyapatite (Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂, HA, still need to be modified to improve its function as dental filler or bone implant. HA is usually substituted with other metals to increase its mechanical strength. In this study, HA from chicken eggshells was substituted with La with a concentration variation of 1-3 wt % with a solid chemical reaction at a temperature of 1100 °C for 2 hours. The structure, morphology and mechanical strength of HA/La were characterized by XRD, SEM and Vicker Hardness, respectively. All HA samples adopt the P 63/m space group. Likewise, the IR spectra are similar to each other, which shows the formation of the HA structure, indicated by the presence of the -OH and PO₄^3- groups. HA/La with the highest hardness value of 1.85 GPa is obtained from the 3 wt % La doping. The higher the La content added, the higher the hardness of the hydroxyapatite. The doping of 3% La increased the hardness of HA 17%.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 1028)
• Pages: 352-358
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.1028.352
• Online since: April 2021
• Authors: Atiek Rostika Noviyanti*, Hendri Setiawan, Engela Evy Ernawati, Haryono Haryono, Risdiana Risdiana
• Keywords: Doping, Hydroxyapatite, Lanthanum, P 63/m, Vicker Hardness

References

[1] A. R. Noviyanti, N. Akbar, Y. Deawati, Y. T. M. Engela Evy Ernawati, and R. Retna Putri Fauzia, A Novel Hydrothermal Synthesis of Nanohydroxyapatite from Eggshell-Calcium-Oxide Precursors,, Heliyon, vol. 6 (2020), p. e03655.

DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03655

[2] S. Waheed, M. Sultan, T. Jamil, and T. Hussain, Comparative analysis of hydroxyapatite synthesized by sol-gel , ultrasonication and microwave assisted technique, vol. 2 (2015) no. 10. Elsevier Ltd.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2015.11.073

[3] V. Rodríguez-Lugo, E. Salinas-Rodríguez, R. A. Vázquez, K. Alemán, and A. L. Rivera, Hydroxyapatite synthesis from a starfish and β-tricalcium phosphate using a hydrothermal method,, RSC Adv., vol. 7, no. 13 (2017), p.7631–7639.

DOI: 10.1039/c6ra26907a

[4] S. C. Wu, H. K. Tsou, H. C. Hsu, S. K. Hsu, S. P. Liou, and W. F. Ho, A hydrothermal synthesis of eggshell and fruit waste extract to produce nanosized hydroxyapatite,, Ceram. Int., vol. 39, no. 7 (2013), p.8183–8188.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2013.03.094

[5] C. R. Gautam, S. Kumar, V. K. Mishra, and S. Biradar, Synthesis, structural and 3-D architecture of lanthanum oxide added hydroxyapatite composites for bone implant applications: Enhanced microstructural and mechanical properties,, Ceram. Int., vol. 43, no. 16 (2017), p.14114–14121.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2017.07.150

[6] S. Lala, T. N. Maity, M. Singha, K. Biswas, and S. K. Pradhan, Effect of doping (Mg, Mn, Zn) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of spark plasma sintered hydroxyapatites synthesized by mechanical alloying,, Ceram. Int., vol. 43, no. 2 (2017), p.2389–2397.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.11.027

[7] D. Veljovic et al., Mg/Cu co-substituted hydroxyapatite – Biocompatibility, mechanical properties and antimicrobial activity,, Ceram. Int., vol. 45, no. 17 Part A (2019), p.22029–22039.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.07.219

[8] W. He, Y. Xie, Q. Xing, P. Ni, Y. Han, and H. Dai, Sol-gel synthesis of biocompatible Eu3+/Gd3+ co-doped calcium phosphate nanocrystals for cell bioimaging,, J. Lumin., vol. 192 (2017), p.902–909.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jlumin.2017.08.033

[9] H. S. Sofi, T. Akram, N. Shabir, R. Vasita, A. H. Jadhav, and F. A. Sheikh, Regenerated cellulose nanofibers from cellulose acetate: Incorporating hydroxyapatite (HAp) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs), as a scaffold for tissue engineering applications,, Mater. Sci. Eng. C, vol. 118 (2020), p.111547.

DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111547

[10] A. M. Pandele et al., Synthesis and characterization of cellulose acetate-hydroxyapatite micro and nano composites membranes for water purification and biomedical applications,, Vacuum, vol. 146 (2017), p.599–605.

DOI: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2017.05.008

[11] A. Zima, Hydroxyapatite-chitosan based bioactive hybrid biomaterials with improved mechanical strength,, Spectrochim. Acta Part A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc., vol. 193 (2018), p.175–184.

DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.12.008

[12] A. Rapacz-Kmita, A. Ślósarczyk, and Z. Paszkiewicz, Mechanical properties of HAp–ZrO2 composites,, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., vol. 26, no. 8 (2006), p.1481–1488.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2005.01.059

[13] S. Jaiswal, A. Dubey, and D. Lahiri, The influence of bioactive hydroxyapatite shape and size on the mechanical and biodegradation behaviour of magnesium based composite,, Ceram. Int., Vol. 46, No 17 (2020), pp.27205-27218.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.07.202

[14] H. Yang, L. Zhang, and K.-W. Xu, The microstructure and specific properties of La/HAP composite powder and its coating,, Appl. Surf. Sci., vol. 254, no. 2 (2007), p.425–430.

DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2007.05.009

[15] D. G. Guo, A. H. Wang, Y. Han, and K. W. Xu, Characterization, physicochemical properties and biocompatibility of La-incorporated apatites,, Acta Biomater., vol. 5, no. 9 (2009), p.3512–3523.

DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.05.026

[16] Z. Zhen, T. Xi, and Y. Zheng, A review on in vitro corrosion performance test of biodegradable metallic materials,, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, vol. 23, no. 8 (2013), p.2283–2293.

DOI: 10.1016/s1003-6326(13)62730-2

[17] S. Pazarlioglu and S. Salman, Effect of lanthanum oxide additive on the sinterability, physical/mechanical, and bioactivity properties of hydroxyapatite-alpha alumina composite,, J. Aust. Ceram. Soc., vol. 55 (2019), p.1195–1209.

DOI: 10.1007/s41779-019-00336-4

[18] F. N. Oktar, Hydroxyapatite–TiO2 composites,, Mater. Lett., vol. 60, no. 17 (2006), pp.2207-2210.

[19] Y.-I. Lee and Y.-J. Kim, Effect of different compositions on characteristics and osteoblastic activity of microporous biphasic calcium phosphate bioceramics,, Mater. Technol., vol. 32, no. 8 (2017), pp.1-9.

DOI: 10.1080/10667857.2017.1286554