Utilization of Powdered Cassava Stem as an Alternative Bioadsorbent for Lead (Pb²⁺) Removal from Aqueous Solution

Abstract:

Industrial waste containing heavy metals can pollute the aquatic environment. One method that can be done to manage heavy waste is the adsorption method that uses adsorbent from cassava stem powder. This research was conducted to utilize cassava stem powder waste for the adsorption of Pb2 + metal ions. Cassava stem powder was mashed until it passed 100 mesh sieve. Cassava stems have a cellulose content of 70-80%, lignin 15-20%, ADF 15-20% and cellulose can be used as an absorber of heavy metals. The adsorption process is carried out with variations in pH, time and concentration under optimum conditions. In this adsorption involves the functional groups contained therein so that the interaction between the adsorbent with the metal ion Pb2 +. Based on the research, the optimum conditions were obtained at pH 6, 180 minutes contact time and 50 ppm concentration. This test is carried out using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS).

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 1033)
• Pages: 82-86
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.1033.82
• Online since: June 2021
• Authors: Tintin Mutiara, Andira Budi Trimartina, Rafika Erniza Putri, Achmad Chafidz*
• Keywords: Aqueous Solution, Bio-Adsorbent, Lead Removal, Powdered Cassava Stem

References

[1] V. Hernández-Montoya, D. I. Mendoza-Castillo, A. Bonilla-Petriciolet, M. A. Montes-Morán, and M. A. Pérez-Cruz, Role of the pericarp of Carya illinoinensis as biosorbent and as precursor of activated carbon for the removal of lead and acid blue 25 in aqueous solutions,, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, vol. 92, no. 1, p.143–151, (2011).

DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2011.05.008

[2] V. J. Landin-Sandoval, D. I. Mendoza-Castillo, A. Bonilla-Petriciolet, I. A. Aguayo-Villarreal, H. E. Reynel-Avila, and H. A. Gonzalez-Ponce, Valorization of agri-food industry wastes to prepare adsorbents for heavy metal removal from water,, J. Environ. Chem. Eng., vol. 8, no. 5, p.104067, (2020).

DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2020.104067

[3] L. Mouni, D. Merabet, D. Robert, and A. Bouzaza, Batch studies for the investigation of the sorption of the heavy metals Pb2+ and Zn2+ onto Amizour soil (Algeria),, Geoderma, vol. 154, no. 1, p.30–35, (2009).

DOI: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2009.09.007

[4] EPA, Toxic and Priority Pollutants under the Clean Water Act, https://www. epa.gov/eg/toxic-and-priority-pollutants-under-clean-water-act#priority, (2014).

DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-803202-2.00020-3

[5] S. H. Abdel-Halim, A. M. A. Shehata, and M. F. El-Shahat, Removal of lead ions from industrial waste water by different types of natural materials,, Water Res., vol. 37, no. 7, p.1678–1683, (2003).

DOI: 10.1016/s0043-1354(02)00554-7

[6] S.-A. Sajjadi et al., A novel route for preparation of chemically activated carbon from pistachio wood for highly efficient Pb(II) sorption,, J. Environ. Manage., vol. 236, p.34–44, (2019).

DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.01.087

[7] J. E. L. Villa, R. R. A. Peixoto, and S. Cadore, Cadmium and lead in chocolates commercialized in Brazil,, J. Agric. Food Chem., vol. 62, no. 34, p.8759–8763, (2014).

DOI: 10.1021/jf5026604

[8] V. J. Landin-Sandoval, D. I. Mendoza-Castillo, A. Bonilla-Petriciolet, I. A. Aguayo-Villarreal, H. E. Reynel-Avila, and H. A. Gonzalez-Ponce, Valorization of agri-food industry wastes to prepare adsorbents for heavy metal removal from water,, J. Environ. Chem. Eng., vol. 8, no. 5, p.104067, (2020).

DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2020.104067

[9] O. A. Ramírez Calderón, O. M. Abdeldayem, A. Pugazhendhi, and E. R. Rene, Current Updates and Perspectives of Biosorption Technology: an Alternative for the Removal of Heavy Metals from Wastewater,, Curr. Pollut. Reports, vol. 6, no. 1, p.8–27, (2020).

DOI: 10.1007/s40726-020-00135-7

[10] H. M. Anawar and V. Strezov, Chapter 4 - Synthesis of biosorbents from natural/agricultural biomass wastes and sustainable green technology for treatment of nanoparticle metals in municipal and industrial wastewater,, A. K. Mishra, H. M. D. Anawar, and N. B. T.-E. and N. C. in W. Drouiche, Eds. Elsevier, 2019, p.83–104.

DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-814673-6.00004-8

[11] F. A. Putri, N. F. Hamadi, A. Y. D. Lestari, A. Chafidz, and T. Mutiara, Potential of Modified Corn Cob (Zea mays L.) and Petai Hull (Parkia hassk) as New Biosorbent for Removal of Lead Waste,, in Key Engineering Materials, 2018, vol. 783, p.126–131.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.783.126

[12] T. Mutiara, L. Setyaningsih, A. Chafidz, B. S. Panandita, and R. Raharjo, Alkali modified jackfruit wood sawdust as bio adsorbent for removal of Pb(II) ions from wastewaters,, IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 543, no. 1, (2019).

DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/543/1/012094

[13] S. LIANG, X. GUO, N. FENG, and Q. TIAN, Effective removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions by orange peel xanthate,, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, vol. 20, pp. s187–s191, (2010).

DOI: 10.1016/s1003-6326(10)60037-4

[14] H. I. Owamah, Biosorptive removal of Pb(II) and Cu(II) from wastewater using activated carbon from cassava peels,, J. Mater. Cycles Waste Manag., vol. 16, no. 2, p.347–358, (2014).

DOI: 10.1007/s10163-013-0192-z

[15] D. Schwantes, A. C. Gonçalves Jr, J. Casarin, A. Pinheiro, I. G. Pinheiro, and G. F. Coelho, Removal of Cr (III) from contaminated water using industrial waste of the cassava as natural adsorbents,, African J. Agric. Res., vol. 10, no. 46, p.4241–4251, (2015).

DOI: 10.5897/ajar2015.9835