Materials Science Forum Vol. 1144

Abstract: In this paper the utilization of cashew nutshell ash as a partial replacement of fine aggregate in concrete. The aim was experimentally analyze the strength and durability properties of concrete with the incorporation cashew nutshell ash and comparing it with conventional concrete mix. In this cashew nutshell ash us added to 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% in M₂₅ grade of concrete with water cement ratio 0.45. The fresh and harden concrete properties was tested for slump test, compaction factor test, while the harden concrete for compressive strength, split tensile, rapid chloride permeability test and water absorption ,coefficient of water absorption and sorptivity for various replacement levels at the age 28 days, 180 days and 365 days determined. The experimental test results show that optimum replacement level of 25 % with weight of fine aggregate. Further then increasing replacement level of fine aggregate strength will be decreased.

Abstract: The construction industry is facing increasing pressure to adopt sustainable and eco-friendly practices in response to the growing concerns over environmental degradation and climate change. Among the various innovative materials being explored, geopolymer mud blocks have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional construction materials such as cement and fired clay bricks. These blocks are characterized by their eco-friendly composition, which typically involves the use of industrial by-products like fly ash, metakaolin, and other aluminosilicate materials, activated through an alkaline solution. This process results in a material that not only exhibits superior structural integrity but also significantly reduces the carbon footprint associated with construction.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the material composition of geopolymer mud blocks, detailing the various raw materials used and the chemical reactions that confer strength and durability to the blocks. The review also delves into the structural properties of these blocks, including their compressive strength, thermal insulation capabilities, and resistance to environmental factors such as moisture and temperature fluctuations. Additionally, the paper explores the ecological impacts of geopolymer mud blocks, emphasizing their potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, minimize resource depletion, and promote the use of industrial waste, thus contributing to a more circular economy.Finally, the paper looks forward to the future prospects of geopolymer technology in the construction industry, suggesting potential pathways for overcoming the current limitations and further enhancing the sustainability of construction practices. By providing a holistic view of geopolymer mud blocks, this review aims to contribute to the growing body of knowledge on sustainable construction materials and to support the transition towards greener building practices on a global scale.

Abstract: This paper presents a comprehensive examination of foamed concrete and its use in contemporary building technology. Due to its lightweight and porous properties, foamed concrete provides notable advantages such as improved thermal insulation, soundproofing, and decreased structural load. The assessment documents progress in foamed concrete technology, encompassing enhancements in mix composition, resilience, and environmentally sustainable manufacturing techniques. Notwithstanding its benefits, the presence of problems such as variable quality control, absence of standardized testing, and long-term performance problems is emphasized. The analysis also examines the many uses of the material, ranging from structural elements to non-structural filler, and its contribution to sustainable building methods. The paper suggests future research paths that highlight the need of conducting further study on performance optimization and expanding the range of application scenarios. By effectively tackling these obstacles and capitalizing on continuous technical progress, foamed concrete has the capacity to greatly influence modern building methods, providing a range of environmental and economic advantages.