Ultrafine Grained Copper Alloys Processed by Continuous Repetitive Corrugation and Straightening Method

Abstract:

A growing trend to use new copper-based functional materials is observed recently world-wide. Within this group of materials particular attention is drawn to those with ultrafine grain size of a copper matrix. This study was aimed to investigate mechanical properties, electrical conductivity and microstructure in strips of precipitation strengthened copper alloys processed by continuous repetitive corrugation and straightening (CRCS). Tests were performed with the copper alloy strips using original die set construction installed on tensile testing machine. The microstructure was investigated using optical and electron microscopy (TEM and SEM equipped with EBSD). Proposition of semi industrial application of this method have been also presented. The CRCS process effectively reduced the grain size of a copper alloy strips, demonstrating the CRCS as a promising new method for producing ultra fine grained metallic strips.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 674)
• Pages: 177-188
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.674.177
• Online since: February 2011
• Authors: Wojciech Głuchowski, Jerzy Stobrawa, Zbigniew Rdzawski, Witold Malec
• Keywords: Electron Microscopy, Metallography, Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD), Ultra Fine Grained Material

References

[1] Yuntian T. Zhu , Terry C. Lowe a, Terence G. Langdon b Performance and applications of nanostructured materials produced by severe plastic deformation Scripta Materialia 51 (2004) 825–830.

DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.05.006

[2] Nobutada Ohno, Dai Okumura Higher-order stress and grain size effects due to self-energy of geometrically necessary dislocations Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 55 (2007) 1879–1898.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmps.2007.02.007

[3] R. Asaro P. Krysl D. Benson Deformation mechanism and manufacturing of nanostructured materials processed by severe plastic deformation (SPD) NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Grantees Conference, CMS – 0210173 Dec. 16-18, (2003).

[4] J. Huang Z. Liao Y. Zhu, F. Zhou E. Lavernia Grain boundary structure of nanocrystaline Cu processed by cryomilling Philosophical magazine, vol 83 no 12 2003 1407-1419.

DOI: 10.1080/1478643031000083633

[5] Y. Zhu, J. Huang H. Jiang T. Lowe Processing of bulk nanostructured copper by repetitive corrugation and straightening The 2001 TMS Spring Meeting, Feb 11-15, 2001, New Orleans.

[6] J. Huang, Y. Zhu, H. Jiang T. Lowe Microstructures and dislocation configurations in nanostructured Cu processed by repetitive corrugation and straightening Acta mater. 49 (2001) 1497–1505.

DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6454(01)00069-6

[7] J. Stobrawa, Z Rdzawski, W. Głuchowski, W. Malec Microstructure refinement of CuNi2Si1 alloy by repetitive corrugation and straightening method, XXXVII Materials Science School, Kraków-Krynica, 29. 09 – 02. 10 (2009) 139-143 (in polish).

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.674.177

[8] J. Stobrawa, Z. Rdzawski, W. Głuchowski, W. Malec Ultrafine grained strip of CuCr0, 6 alloy prepared by CRCS metod" , Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering vol 33 issue 2 April 2009 s166-172.

DOI: 10.2478/v10172-011-0020-1

[9] J. Stobrawa, Z. Rdzawski, W. Głuchowski W. Malec "Microstructure and properties of CuNi2Si1 alloy processed by continuous RCS method Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering vol 37 issue 2 December 2009 s466-479.

[10] J. Stobrawa, Z. Rdzawski, W. Głuchowski W. Malec Microstructure evolution in CRCS processed strips of CuCr0, 6 alloy, Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering vol 38 issue 2 February 2010 s195-202.

[11] Y. Zhu, H. Jiang J. Huang T. Lowe A new route to bulk nanostructured materials, Metallurgical and materials transactions A vol. 32A June 2001 1559-1562.

DOI: 10.1007/s11661-001-0245-0

[12] A. Thirugnanam, T.S. Sampath Kumar, Uday Chakkingal Tailoring the bioactivity of commercially pure titanium by grain refinement using groove pressing Materials Science and Engineering C 30 (2010) 203–208.

DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2009.10.002

[13] Seung Chae Yoon, A. Krishnaiah, Uday Chakkingal, Hyoung Seop Kim Severe plastic deformation and strain localization in groove pressing Computational Materials Science 43 (2008) 641–645.

DOI: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2008.01.007

[14] A. Shirdel , A. Khajeh, M.M. Moshksar Experimental and finite element investigation of semi-constrained groove pressing process Materials and Design 31 (2010) 946–950.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2009.07.035

[15] A. Krishnaiah, Uday Chakkingal , P. Venugopal Production of ultrafine grain sizes in aluminium sheets by severe plastic deformation using the technique of groove pressing Scripta Materialia 52 (2005) 1229–1233.

DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2005.03.001

[16] Jong-Jin Park, No-Jin Park Influence of orthogonal shear on texture and R value in aluminum sheet Journal of Materials Processing Technology 169 (2005) 299–307.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.12.015

[17] Dong Hyuk Shin, Jong-Jin Park, Yong-Seog Kim, Kyung-Tae Park Constrained groove pressing and its application to grain refinement of aluminumMaterials Science and Engineering A328 (2002) 98–103.

DOI: 10.1016/s0921-5093(01)01665-3

[18] E. Hosseini, M. Kazeminezhad Nanostructure and mechanical properties of 0–7 strained aluminum by CGP: XRD, TEM and tensile test Materials Science and Engineering A 526 (2009) 219–224.

DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2009.07.028

[19] J. Zrnik T. Kovarik , Z. Novya, M. Cieslar Ultrafine-grained structure development and deformation behavior of aluminium processed by constrained groove pressing Materials Science and Engineering A 503 (2009) 126–129.

DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2008.03.050

[20] V. Rajinikanth, Gaurav Arora, N. Narasaiah, K. Venkateswarlu Effect of repetitive corrugation and straightening on Al and Al–0. 25Sc alloyMaterials Letters 62 (2008) 301–304.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2007.05.014

[21] E. Hosseini, M. Kazeminezhad, A. Mani, E. Rafizadeh On the evolution of flow stress during constrained groove pressing of pure copper sheet Computational Materials Science 45 (2009) 855–859.

DOI: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2008.12.004

[22] E. Hosseini M. Kazeminezhad Stress-based model on work hardening and softening of materials at large strains: corrugation process of sheet J Mater Sci (2009) 44: 1212–1218.

DOI: 10.1007/s10853-009-3261-x

[23] E. Rafizadeh, A. Mani, M. Kazeminezhad The effects of intermediate and post-annealing phenomena on the mechanical properties and microstructure of constrained groove pressed copper sheet Materials Science and Engineering A 515 (2009) 162–168.

DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2009.03.081

[24] A. Krishnaiah, Uday Chakkingal , P. Venugopal Applicability of the groove pressing technique for grainrefinement in commercial purity copper Materials Science and Engineering A 410–411 (2005) 337–340.

DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2005.08.101

[25] M. Kazeminezhad, E. Hosseini Optimum groove pressing die design to achieve desirable severely plastic deformed sheets Materials and Design 31 (2010) 94–103.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2009.07.008

[26] Kaiping Peng, Lifeng Su, Leon L. Shaw, and K. -W. Qiana Grain refinement and crack prevention in constrained groove pressing of two-phase Cu–Zn alloys Scripta Materialia 56 (2007) 987–990.

DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2007.01.043

[27] Kaiping Peng, Ying Zhang a, Leon L. Shaw, K. -W. Qian Microstructure dependence of a Cu–38Zn alloy on processing conditions of constrained groove pressing Acta Materialia 57 (2009) 5543–5553.

DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2009.07.049

[28] J.W. Lee, J.J. Park Numerical and experimental investigations of constrained groove pressing and rolling for grain refinement Journal of Materials Processing Technology 130–131 (2002) 208–213.

DOI: 10.1016/s0924-0136(02)00722-7

[29] Jianyu Huanga, Yuntian T. Zhua, David J. Alexander a, Xiaozhou Liao a, Terry C. Lowea, Robert J. AsaroDevelopment of repetitive corrugation and straightening Materials Science and Engineering A 371 (2004) 35–39.

[30] Report from the research project N N507 271836 Strengthening mechanism of precipitation hardened alloys strips with ultrafine and nanocrystaline matrix, (in polish, unpublished).

[31] Non-ferrous Metals Institute report nr 6473/07/I (in polish, unpublished).

[32] J. Stobrawa, Z. Rdzawski, W. Głuchowski W. Malec "Microstructure and properties of CuNi2Si1 alloy processed by continuous RCS method Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering vol 37 issue 2 December 2009 pp.466-479.