Paper Titles

Air Jet Erosion Wear Behavior of Al6061-SiC-Carbon Fibre Hybrid Composite
p.547

Study on Functions of Chrome and Fluoride Ions in Plating Process of Tin Free Steel by Means of Cyclic Voltammetry
p.557

Contact Analysis of Tooth Surface in Gear Meshing Based on Infrared Ray Imagery
p.563

Laser Cladding of Stainless Steel Substrates with Stellite 6
p.573

A Taguchi Design Study for Optimisation of Plasma Sprayed Hydroxyapatite Coatings
p.590

Hydroxyapatite and Titanium Composite Coatings on Austenitic Stainless Steel Substrates Using Direct Material Deposition
p.602

AFM and Ellipsometry Studies of Ultra Thin Ti Film Deposited on a Silicon Wafer
p.616

Compaction Effect of Granular System with Parameters Changed
p.626

Dynamic Characteristics of Machine-Pile-Soil Vibration System with Interface Friction Coupling
p.632

HomeMaterials Science ForumMaterials Science Forum Vols. 773-774A Taguchi Design Study for Optimisation of Plasma...

A Taguchi Design Study for Optimisation of Plasma Sprayed Hydroxyapatite Coatings

Article Preview

Abstract:

Plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings were deposited onto mild steel substrates. A Taguchi L₉ design of experiment protocol was used to optimise the coating process parameters. The effect of three factors: (i) power and secondary gas flow rate (X1), (ii) powder feed rate and carrier gas flow rate (X2), and (iii) stand-off distance (X3) on the coating responses was studied. The responses of the plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings were evaluated in terms of porosity, deposition efficiency, microhardness, crystallinity, and surface roughness. A regression analysis established relationships between process parameters and responses. Higher power, lower powder feed rate and the middle stand-off distance of 11 cm lead to optimum attributes of low porosity, high deposition efficiency, high microhardness, high crystallinity, and high surface roughness.

You might also be interested in these eBooks

Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies XV

Info:

Periodical:

Materials Science Forum (Volumes 773-774)

Pages:

590-601

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.773-774.590

Citation:

Cite this paper

Online since:

November 2013

Authors:

Md Fahad Hasan, James Wang, Christopher C. Berndt

Keywords:

Hydroxyapatite (HAP), Optimization, Plasma Spray, Taguchi Design of Experiment

Export:

RIS, BibTeX

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Request Permissions

Permissions PLS:

Request Permissions

Сopyright:

© 2014 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

[1] Tsui, Y.C., C. Doyle, and T.W. Clyne, Plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings on titanium substrates. Part 1: Mechanical properties and residual stress levels. Biomaterials, 1998. 19(22): pp.2015-2029.

DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(98)00103-3

[2] Chen, Y., et al., Laser-surface-alloyed carbon nanotubes reinforced hydroxyapatite composite coatings. Appl. Phy. Lett., 2005. 86(25): pp.1-3.

DOI: 10.1063/1.1951054

[3] Metikoš-Huković, M., et al., An in vitro study of Ti and Ti-alloys coated with sol–gel derived hydroxyapatite coatings. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2003. 165(1): pp.40-50.

DOI: 10.1016/s0257-8972(02)00732-6

[4] Siriphannon, P., et al., Formation of hydroxyapatite on CaSiO3 powders in simulated body fluid. J. Euro. Ceram. Soc., 2002. 22(4): pp.511-520.

DOI: 10.1016/s0955-2219(01)00301-6

[5] Kokubo, T., H.-M. Kim, and M. Kawashita, Novel bioactive materials with different mechanical properties. Biomaterials, 2003. 24(13): pp.2161-2175.

DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(03)00044-9

[6] Hasan, S. and J. Stokes, Design of experiment analysis of the Sulzer Metco DJ high velocity oxy-fuel coating of hydroxyapatite for orthopedic applications. J. Therm. Spray Technol., 2011. 20(1-2): pp.186-194.

DOI: 10.1007/s11666-010-9566-0

[7] Lin, C.K. and C.C. Berndt, Measurement and analysis of adhesion strength for thermally sprayed coatings. J. Therm. Spray Technol., 1994. 3(1): pp.75-104.

DOI: 10.1007/bf02649003

[8] Jeong, Y.H., H.C. Choe, and S.W. Eun, Hydroxyapatite coating on the Ti-35Nb-xZr alloy by electron beam-physical vapor deposition. Thin Solid Films, 2011. 519(20): pp.7050-7056.

DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2011.04.086

[9] Mahmoodi, S., et al., Electrophoretic deposition of hydroxyapatite-chitosan nanocomposite coatings in different alcohols. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2012.

[10] Jamesh, M., S. Kumar, and T.S.N.S. Narayanan, Electrodeposition of hydroxyapatite coating on magnesium for biomedical applications. J. Coat. Technol. Res., 2012. 9(4): pp.495-502.

DOI: 10.1007/s11998-011-9382-6

[11] Maleki-Ghaleh, H., et al., Hydroxyapatite coating on NiTi shape memory alloy by electrophoretic deposition process. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2012. 208: pp.57-63.

DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2012.08.001

[12] Bongio, M., et al., Biomimetic modification of synthetic hydrogels by incorporation of adhesive peptides and calcium phosphate nanoparticles: in vitro evaluation of cell behavior. Euro. cells & mater., 2011. 22: pp.359-376.

DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v022a27

[13] Aydin, E., J.A. Planell, and V. Hasirci, Hydroxyapatite nanorod-reinforced biodegradable poly(l-lactic acid) composites for bone plate applications. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Med., 2011. 22(11): pp.2413-2427.

DOI: 10.1007/s10856-011-4435-z

[14] Seema, K., B. Uma, and K. Suchita, Transformations in sol-gel synthesized nanoscale hydroxyapatite calcined under different temperatures and time conditions. J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2012. 21(8): pp.1737-1743.

DOI: 10.1007/s11665-011-0059-1

[15] Singh, V.K. and B.R. Reddy, Synthesis and characterization of bioactive zirconia toughened alumina doped with HAp and fluoride compounds. Ceram. Int., 2012. 38(7): pp.5333-5340.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.03.039

[16] Tan, H., C. Guo, and X. Ma, Preparation of Mullite Fibers by Sol-Gel Process and Study of Their Morphology. Mater. Manufact. Processes, 2011. 26(11): pp.1374-1377.

DOI: 10.1080/10426914.2011.568570

[17] Duta, L., et al., Novel doped hydroxyapatite thin films obtained by pulsed laser deposition. Appl. Surf. Sci., 2013. 265: pp.41-49.

DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.10.077

[18] Rajesh, P., et al., Pulsed laser deposition of hydroxyapatite on titanium substrate with titania interlayer. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Med., 2011. 22(3): pp.497-505.

DOI: 10.1007/s10856-011-4230-x

[19] Balani, K., et al., Tribological behavior of plasma-sprayed carbon nanotube-reinforced hydroxyapatite coating in physiological solution. Acta Biomaterialia, 2007. 3(6): pp.944-951.

DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2007.06.001

[20] Balani, K. and A. Agarwal, Process map for plasma sprayed aluminum oxide-carbon nanotube nanocomposite coatings. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2008. 202(17): pp.4270-4277.

DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2008.03.024

[21] Friis, M. and C. Persson, Control of thermal spray processes by means of process maps and process windows. J. Therm. Spray Technol., 2003. 12(1): pp.44-52.

DOI: 10.1361/105996303770348492

[22] Cizek, J., K.A. Khor, and Z. Prochazka, Influence of spraying conditions on thermal and velocity properties of plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite. Mater. Sci. Eng. C, 2007. 27(2): pp.340-344.

DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2006.05.002

[23] Heimann, R.B., et al., Biomimetic processes during in vitro leaching of plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings for endoprosthetic applications. Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik, 2001. 32(12): pp.913-921.

DOI: 10.1002/1521-4052(200112)32:12<913::aid-mawe913>3.0.co;2-h

[24] Dyshlovenko, S., et al., Relationship between plasma spray operational parameters and microstructure of hydroxyapatite coatings and powder particles sprayed into water. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2006. 200(12-13): pp.3845-3855.

DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.11.037

[25] Dyshlovenko, S., et al., Experimental design of plasma spraying and laser treatment of hydroxyapatite coatings. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2006. 201(5): pp.2054-2060.

DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2006.04.055

[26] Levingstone, T.J., Optimisation of Plasma Sprayed Hydroxyapatite Coatings, PhD Thesis, 2008, Dublin City University: Ireland.

[27] Li, J.F., et al., Optimizing the plasma spray process parameters of yttria stabilized zirconia coatings using a uniform design of experiments. J. Mater. Processing Technol., 2005. 160(1): pp.34-42.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.02.039

[28] Rasband, W.S., ImageJ, U. S. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, http://imagej.nih.gov/ij/, 1997-2012.

[29] Design-Expert(R) v8 software, Stat-Ease, Inc., Minneapolis, MN.

[30] Minitab 16 Statistical Software (2010). [Computer software]. State College, PA: Minitab, Inc. .

[31] Sun, L., C.C. Berndt, and C.P. Grey, Phase, structural and microstructural investigations of plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings. Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2003. 360(1-2): pp.70-84.

DOI: 10.1016/s0921-5093(03)00439-8

[32] Saravanan, P., et al., Study of plasma- and detonation gun-sprayed alumina coatings using Taguchi experimental design. J. Therm. Spray Technol., 2000. 9(4): pp.505-512.

DOI: 10.1007/bf02608554

[33] Gross, K.A. and C.C. Berndt, Thermal spraying of hydroxyapatite for bioceramic applications. Key Eng. Mater., 1991. 53-55: pp.124-129.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.53-55.124

[34] Lu, Y.P., et al., Further studies on the effect of stand-off distance on characteristics of plasma sprayed hydroxyapatite coating. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2002. 157(2-3): pp.221-225.

DOI: 10.1016/s0257-8972(02)00166-4

[35] Implants for Surgery- Hydroxyapatite. Part 2: Coatings of Hydroxyapatite. BS ISO 13779-2:2000, International Organisation for Standards, 2000.