Solid State Phenomena Vol. 199

Abstract: New tools for flat grinding of ceramics (Al₂O₃) are presented in the paper. Electroplated CBN tools (B64 and B107) were used in a modified single-disc lapping machine configuration. The results from experiments, such as the material removal rate and surface roughness parameters are presented and analyzed. Numerical simulations, based on the model for the shape error and tool wear estimation in machining with flat lapping kinematics, are also presented. The tool life of electroplated tools can be extended by choosing appropriate parameter K related to the process kinematics.

Abstract: In this study, ceramic plate behaviour was elaborated on the basis at sound signal variations caused by the impact. All tests were performed using plate specimens and pendulum testing station; with date acquisition and analysis systems. Two various methodologies such as; spectral and statistical were used. In the spectral analysis, power spectral densities were calculated for both virgin and cracked specimens with rage of frequency 0-33kHz. In the case of this frequency range was separated in to two repairs i.e. 0-28 kHz and 28-33 kHz. Differences in sound signals of virgin and cracked plate specimens were significant. The effect none related with cracked specimen spectral behaviour and it property can be interpreted as absorption of the vibrational effects in the cracked regions. An analysis of statistical results has shown a smaller value of skewness for virgin specimen than cracked one, case show smallest skewness value than the healthy cases skewness value.

Abstract: This paper will present the results of research on single-disc lapping of flat surfaces of small ceramic elements. Machining with the use of different tools such as metallic, two-metallic and abrasive-metallic will be analyzed. The basics and techniques of reinforcement of laps will be discussed. The results of the influence of parameters on the surface quality of ceramic conponents (sealing0 for three treatments on lapping machines will be presented on the paper.

Abstract: Two methods for the abrasive properties evaluation, based on the image processing, are presented in the paper. Image processing analysis was developed to evaluate quickly the abrasive properties as the tool wears down. The coefficient based on the image brightness was calculated and additional analysis was based on the number of grains located on the active surface of the tool before and after machining. The second method is slower but gives better results especially for reflecting metallic surfaces. The active surfaces of electroplated CBN and diamond tools were analyzed. The practical time of electroplated tools' usage can be predicted with proposed methods.

Abstract: In the paper two examples of division of the mathematical model for optimization are presented: a drive composed of an electric motor and mechanical transmissions, and an electromagnetic multi-coil linear drive. The first example shows that each step of the mechanical transmission may be optimized separately, if an overall power efficiency and a mass are taken as the optimality criteria for the whole drive, provided the adequate coordination variables are adopted, and these are ratios of the gears. In the other example it is demonstrated that the whole problem may be divided into three sub-problems, accordingly to the computing environment: ordinary differential equations are applied to model a mechanical part, and partial differential equations are modelling an electromagnetic field and a voltage distribution, with the moving core. The transient position of the core is the coordination variable. Finally, methodological suggestions on the systematic way of decomposing a design problem into sub-problems are proposed.

Abstract: This paper is an attempt to outline certain phenomena conditioning tertiary education: mental changes of the youth, legal changes in higher education and changes in demands and profile of the industry. In the paper the experiences of making changes in the studies program of Automatic Control and Robotics discipline at Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of Technical University of Lodz were presented. Particular emphasis has been placed on demonstrating how to use the laboratory background in order to meet the needs of the industry. A proposal showing a better method of implementing the studies program in the new reality has been presented. The authors have also presented their own reflections on the advantages and disadvantages coming from the new system.

Abstract: The paper presents a hydrostatic load unit, its design and the operation principle. The load unit has been integrated with an electronic control system. The components of the control system as well as its advantages have been discussed. The benefits of the integration have been illustrated with the outline of work programs for the microcontroller.

Abstract: The paper deals with one-chip controller Basic Atom, which is often used as control unit in mechatronics systems designed via students. Students can use our building units for training of control subsystem developing for mechatronic products. Also several theses have been done on this topic. Mechatronic systems and robots from these theses are available for other students as training models for practical exercises.

Abstract: The regularity of the erosion wear of a surface of a brittle polymeric material under the conditions of high-pressure (high-velocity) water-jet impact was examined using the atomic-force microscope. Investigations results proved that the elementary mechanism of erosive failure of brittle polymers in response to pressure and cyclic loads at micro and nanolevel may have brittle character, as well as elastoplastic and plastic character under severer regimes. The process of hardening of the fine (nanolevel) superficial layers of PMMA material has been determined in conditions of high-velocity water-drop loading.