Solid State Phenomena Vol. 237

Abstract: In recent years, problem of task scheduling and allocation of resources has become the subject of many research. The interest of this issue, due to the necessity develop a perfect model, which properly mapped the many of logistical environment. Optimal appoint the path of robots, and also allocate the respective tasks and their order, is the key to solve this problem. For this purpose, was developed the virtual environment, which mapping the activities, taken in this area. Transport these resources is performed in real-time. The task is called by the transport of resources, performed by the robot, between the place of start point to point of distribution. Distribution point is called by the place for downloading and putting the resources by customers. In this article, presents the algorithms relates to aspects of the management of work and planning of task for robots. The results shows the times of the tasks, as well as the times of services the customers, via uses the different algorithms of working robot, and also the amount of consumed the energy, during the performed tasks.

Abstract: More often Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGV) support or replace human in dangerous tasks performing. Usually this operations are realizing in hard conditions in rough terrain. UGVs effectively use determines its ability to obstacle negotiating, to reach high adhesion force, drawbar pull and extra longitudinal and lateral stability of UGV. Variety missions determining of use in UGVs reconfigurable and control suspension system. It is able to meet this requirement thanks to use hydropneumatic components in them suspension system. However currently it is very hard to developed characteristic of such a suspension systems. In literature there is no clear guidelines for suspension systems of teleoperated UGVs. This paper presents results of hydropneumatic suspension system research on heavy UGV.

Abstract: The Institute for Sustainable Technologies – National Research Institute developed a device for erosive wear tests that enables the experimental reconstruction of the erosion process and the empirical modelling with the use of which the assumed operational life of a given material can be determined with reference to the influence of the erosion processes. The author presents the architecture and the functionality of a pneumatic system employed in the device simulating the erosive wear processes. He discusses the functions of individual actuators and the hardware solutions used in this system. Additionally, the research problems encountered during the design and the verification of the prototype of the device are analysed. The instrumentation enables the reconstruction of real operation conditions of structural elements and the simulation of different experimental reactions with the possibility to model their intensity. The developed pneumatic system is an integral part of the device that can be useful for both researchers and designers, because it helps to explain physical aspects of the erosion of materials.

Abstract: This study presents innovative metal forming techniques that have been developed at the Lublin University of Technology in Lublin, Poland, including rotary compression, cross wedge rolling and roll forging. Dozens of Polish patents and several European patents have been granted for inventions based on the use of the above forming techniques. This study gives an overview of applications of these innovative techniques for producing stepped axes and shafts (including hollow and gear shafts) that are made of steel and light metal alloys (aluminium, titanium). It also presents prototype machines for forming metals and metal alloys.

Abstract: The article describes the application of various methods of rapid prototyping for manufacturing of prototype castings. This technology assumes that the properties of such a casting are similar to properties of a casting obtained in serial production involving die-casting technologies or high pressure die casting. However, other conditions of metal preparation, pouring, and the solidification process, related to the specificity of manufacturing of a single casting with the application of rapid prototyping, as compared to serial production generate different final properties. Numerical simulations of exploitation conditions, with the use of Ansys and Abaqus software, were conducted for selected constructions taking into account the final properties of a casting. MAGMASoft software was used for the analysis of the technological process for manufacturing of prototype castings, as well as in serial production. The article describes the consecutive stages for manufacturing of selected prototype castings - from the moment of designing to manufacturing of a ready-made element. The selected elements were produced with the use of rapid prototyping with a 3D Z-Corp printer and a FDM Titan machine, and then model sets were prepared for casting with the application of the lost wax casting technique.The conducted analysis was aimed at defining methodology for manufacturing prototype castings with the use of numerical simulation tools, especially the implementation of boundary conditions achieved as a result of solidification analysis and techniques of rapid prototyping. It was stated that final properties of a prototype casting and a serial casting may be different, which may impact the assessment of the construction under development. The use of numerical calculations for the assessment of a prototype and serial construction with exploitation parameters broadens the expertise with final properties of the analysed construction.

Abstract: 3D bioprinting is an innovative method of manufacturing three-dimensional tissue-like structures. The method is based on a layer-by-layer deposition of biocompatible materials successively forming a scaffold for living cells. The technology allows to fabricate complicated tissue morphology, including vascular-like networks. The range of potential applications of 3D bioprinting is immense: from drug testing, across regenerative medicine, to organ transplantation. In this paper, we describe a prototype of a 3D bioprinter utilizing gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) doped with a photoinitiator as the printing substance. Biological requirements for the material, its synthesis and application adequacy for the bioprinting process are discussed. Technical details of the mechanical construction of the bioprinter and its control system are presented

Abstract: The use of the innovative design of gears segments of drivetrain engine of a longwall shearer’s haulage system with highly loaded components has improved tribological pairs of gear-tooth. The elimination of structurally complex sets of gears allowed to reduce the cost of individual component of the system, reduction of the failure rate and significantly improve the processes of repair and maintenance. The article presents the results of experimental and numerical analysis of stress and strain variables in highly loaded gear element of haulage system. The experimental studies of L20HGSNM steel alloy from which the casting was produced included basic research of strength properties of the material and two types of fatigue tests: in the range of a small number of cycles - a classic LFC and modified MLCF test. Acquired material properties of the steel alloy allowed to create material characteristics and fatigue strength curve, which were used in FEM calculations. Based on the results of numerical calculations and multiaxial criteria the fatigue life of the casting gears were evaluated.

Abstract: The article presents the test results obtained from the “Research methods and systems for the investigation on impact resistance of elements of aero structures and land vehicles aimed at the assessment of passenger safety” R&D project that was jointly executed by the Institute of Aviation, the Institute for Sustainable Technologies – National Research Institute, and the PZL Mielec. The main objective of the project was to perform impact tests of the windscreen and the vertical stabilizer of the PZL M28 Skytruck. The experimental tests were conducted for real objects in full scale. The investigations were carried out using an original 250 mm pneumatic gun. Apart from the impact tests, the project was also focused on numerical simulations of impacts employing the Finite Element Method (test object modelling) and the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics methods (the model of the gelatine projectile). The authors compare the results of experimental tests and numerical simulations. They present the differences in the results obtained and analyse the reasons behind these discrepancies, and based on the analysis, they conclude that the main cause for them is the simplified mathematical model describing the behaviour of the material subjected to dynamic loads, which was used in numerical simulations.

Abstract: Security systems employ the RFID method to protect objects and data and to ensure public safety and the safety of commercial activity, e.g. through the control over technological processes. The research activity aimed at improving the level of safety of electronic and technical protection needs to be verified through the manufacture of prototype IDs with RFID inlays.The authors presents an original experimental device enabling the implementation of individual chips in RFID inlays, which were made on a flexible base to which an RFID antenna is attached. The collection of the chip from the dispenser and an unambiguous orientation of the soldered tips in relation to the antenna are provided by a four-axis vacuum manipulator cooperating with a vision system identifying the location of the chip on the manipulator and its final application area. A computer control system enables the operation in two modes, i.e. a semi-automatic mode in which it is possible to manually control the order and the way in which individual tasks are performed, and an automatic mode conducted according to the designed algorithm. The developed device is intended for research on the ways to improve the manufacturing techniques and electronic document protection by means of RFID technologies.

Abstract: Magnetron plasma sources, due to their simplicity and reliability, are widely used in industrial stands for PVD technology. Despite their significant popularity, there still exists the problem with their power supply systems, especially in applications that require precise adjustment of the composition of the produced layers. This paper presents one possible solution to this problem: The high-resolution power supply for magnetron plasma sources with triple processing, dedicated for power systems of PVD equipment. The module for power factor correction (PFC) is described as well as the module for increasing the resolution setting of the output waveform, and the DC/DC converter module with fast dynamic response to changes in output parameters. The results of experimental studies of individual modules are presented.