The Effects of Deposition Time and Seed Layer on Morphological Properties of Zinc Oxide by Chemical Bath Deposition

Abstract:

In this work, chemical bath deposition (CBD) method is used to form zinc oxide (ZnO) thin film nanostructures. Three types of zinc (Zn) precursors, namely Zn (NO₃)₂, ZnSO₄ and ZnCl₂, were used and the deposition time in water bath were controlled for 20, 40 and 60 minutes at 85 °C respectively. The effect of seed layer, by using potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) solution, on the formation of zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films on glass substrates has been determined. It was found that the presence of the seed layer promote better adhesion of the films which allows ZnO to form with a higher growth rate on the substrate with only little or no loss by precipitation in the solution. The enhancement of the thin film adhesion is due to the in situ nucleation centres formation of hydrated oxide colloids of Mn (O)OH, acting as metal ion binding centres on the glass substrates surface. Meanwhile, in the absence of a seed layer, only scattered ZnO deposits are formed on substrates. By varying the deposition time, ZnO nanostructures with different length and diameter can be formed.

• Periodical: Solid State Phenomena (Volume 264)
• Pages: 240-243
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.264.240
• Online since: September 2017
• Authors: Mohd Rashid Yusof Hamid, Sharifah Bee O.A. Abdul Hamid, Boon Hoong Ong*
• Keywords: Chemical Bath Deposition, Thin Films, Zinc Oxide

References

[1] P. Soundarrajan, K. Sethuraman, Interface energy barrier tailoring the morphological structure evolution from ZnO nano/micro rod arrays to microcrystalline thin films by Mn doping, RSC Advanced 5 (2015) 44222-44233.

DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06235g

[2] N. Rathore, D.V.S. Rao, S.K. Sarkar, Growth of a polarity controlled ZnO nanorod array on a glass/FTO substrate by chemical bath deposition, RSC Advanced 5 (2015) 28251-28257.

DOI: 10.1039/c5ra00023h

[3] Z. Shi, A.V. Walker, Chemical bath deposition of ZnO on functionalized self-assembled monolayers: selective deposition and control of deposit morphology, Langmuir 31 (2015) 1421-1428.

DOI: 10.1021/la5040239

[4] F.V. Molefe, L.F. Koao, J. J Dolo, B.F. Dejene, Effect of reaction time on structural, morphology and optical properties of ZnO nanoflakes prepared by chemical bath deposition method, Physica B 439 (2014) 185-188.

DOI: 10.1016/j.physb.2013.11.046

[5] K.M. McPeak, J.B. Baxter, ZnO nanowires grown by chemical bath deposition in a continuous flow microreactor, Crystal Growth & Design 9 (2009) 4538-4545.

DOI: 10.1021/cg900551f

[6] K.H. Kim, T. Umakoshi, Y. Abe, M. Kawamura, T. Kiba, Determination of effective growth time for zinc oxide nanorods using chemical solution deposition, Superlattices and Microstructures 88 (2015) 150-153.

DOI: 10.1016/j.spmi.2015.09.007

[7] P. Li, H. Liu, B. Lu, Y. Wei, Formation mechanism of 1D ZnO nanowhiskers in aqueous solution, The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 114 (2010) 21132-21137.

DOI: 10.1021/jp107471u

[8] G. Hodes, Semiconductor and ceramic nanoparticle films deposited by chemical bath deposition, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 9 (2007) 2181-2196.

DOI: 10.1039/b616684a

[9] M. Kokotov, G. Hodes, Reliable chemical bath deposition of ZnO films with controllable morphology from ethanolamine-based solutions using KMnO4 substrate activation, Journal of Materials Chemistry 19 (2009) 3847-3854.

DOI: 10.1039/b821242b

[10] A. Zainelabdin, S. Zaman, G. Amin, O. Nur, and M. Willander, Deposition of well-aligned ZnO nanorods at 50 °C on metal, semiconducting polymer, and copper oxides substrates and their structural and optical properties, Crystal Growth & Design 10 (2010).

DOI: 10.1021/cg100390x

[11] T. Morita, S. Ueno, T. Tokunaga, E. Hosono, Y. Oaki, H. Imai, H. Matsuda, H. Zhou, M. Hagiwara, S. Fujihara, Fabrication of transparent ZnO thick film with unusual orientation by the chemical bath deposition, Crystal Growth & Design 15 (2015).

DOI: 10.1021/cg501729w

[12] O. Singh, N. Kohli, R.C. Singh, Precursor controlled morphology of zinc oxide and its sensing behaviour, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 178 (2013) 149-154.

DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2012.12.053