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Mansour, K.El-Egili and G.
El-Damrawi: Physica B.
El-Damrawi and K.
El-Egili: Physica B.
Ravikumar et al.: Physica B.

According to Sharma et al. [6] the kinetics of the esterification reaction products can be analysed using two methods; either by titration or using Gas Chromatography with a choice of detector and carrier gas.
Assumption of the model and parameters estimation According to Zang et al. [9], heterogeneous reaction can be presented with many models including LM, ER and pseudo-homogenous model.
(2) E – S + LA – S EL – S + W – S
(3) EL – S EL + S
(5) Where LA = Lactic Acid, E = Ethanol, EL = Ethyl Lactate, W = Water and S = Vacant site on catalyst surface [9].

Veaamini et al [2] discussed cutting triangular pocket and the way of selecting its cutting tools.
Kai Tang et al [3] presented an algorithm for improving the pocket machining.
El Midany, A.
El Hendawy: Optimal CNC tool path generation for zigzag pocket milling, 7th International Conference on Production Engineering, Design and Control Vol.
El Midany, A.

Therefore, many Ca-containing Mg-Al based heat-resistant alloy systems such as Mg-Al-Zn-Ca [2], Mg-Al-Ca [3] and Mg-Zn-Al-Ca-RE [4] have been developed.
The absence of Ca-related intermetallic compounds in the ZE41-Ca alloys, which are frequently found in Mg or Mg-Al based alloys, is noteworthy.
Fig. 7 represents the changes in yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation to fracture (El.) at RT, 175, 250 and 300 o C with Ca content in the ZE41-Ca alloys.
It is observed that YS of the ZE41-Ca alloys increases continuously with increasing Ca content at all temperatures, while El.
From the previous report by Wenwen et al. [5] that the Ca addition into Mg-Al based alloys results in higher thermal stability of β (Mg17Al12) phase, however, Ca may also be beneficial to improve the thermal stability of the Mg7Zn3-(RE) phase in the ZE41 alloy.

Following Lee and Almond [3], Al-Assaf and El-Kadi [4], and El-Kadi and Al-Assaf [5] performed fatigue life assessment of unidirectional glass fiber/epoxy laminate using several NN paradigms, namely feed-forward (FF), modular (MN), radial basis function (RBF) and principal component analysis (PCA) networks.
Freire Junior et al
Al-Assaf, H.
El-Kadi, “Fatigue life prediction of unidirectional glass fiber/epoxy composite laminae using neural networks,” Composites Structures, Vol. 53, No. 6, pp. 65-71, 2001
El-Kadi, Y.

In case the El was 0.51 J/mm 2, the resin material spattered seriously together with an audible slipstream.
In case the El was 0.42 J/mm 2, there existed a slight spatter and a slight audible slipstream.
If El decreased to 0.36 J/mm 2, no spatter was found but a little smog in the field of laser facula, which meant the lack of the material removal.
For resin bonded CBN wheel with grit number 40/45, the synthesized parameter El should kept at 0.42 J/mm 2.
Sun, et al.: Journal of Materials Processing Technology.

Also, it has been previously demonstrated by Ibrahim and El Meliegy [10].
Souza et al [11] suggested that a phase separation of liquid phase occurs.
Lee et al [12] have shown that the liquid at the grain surface has a different composition from the interior in particular for the calcia and alumina contents.
[7] E.A.El-Meliegy.
[10]D.M.Ibrahim and E.A.El-Meliegy,.Brit.Ceram.Trans.2000, 99, (4), 159-163

El Mir and S.A.M.
El Mir, V.
El Mir, H.
El Mir, V.
Al-Saie, M.

Davis and Hooks with Abd El-Aleem, et al., [48,49] reported that leachate and run-off from CKD piles have pH values in the range of 12–13which is a highly alkaline leachate.
[20] Taha R., Al-Harthy A., Al-Shamsi K. and Al-Zubeidi M. 2002 Cement stabilization of reclaimed asphalt pavement aggregate for road bases and subbases.
[48] Abd El-Aleem, S., Abd-El-Aziz, M.A., Heikal, M. and El Didamony, H. 2005 Effect of cement kiln dust substitution on Chemical and physical properties and compressive Strength of portland and slag cements The Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, Vol. 30, No 2B, pp. 263-273
[51] Abd El-Fattah, W.I. and El-Didamony, H. 1981 Thermal Investigation of Electrostatic Precipitator Kiln Dust Thermochim.
[56] Al-Harthy A.S,, Taha R. and Al-Maamary F. 2003 Effect of cement kiln dust (CKD) on mortar and concrete mixtures.

= Initial pipe flow direction d1 = Demand or supply (1) = Peak flow in m 3/hr (2) = Night flow in m 3/hr = for Network One only 165 (EL) = Node elevation Network one = Nodes 1 - 7 Network two = Nodes 1 - 8 Source Pump Reservoir d2=100 (1) d2=0 (2) d3=100 (1) d3=0 (2) d1=420 (1) d1=300 (2) d7=200 (1) d7=0 (2) 3 2 7 6 8 3 5 d5=270 (1) d5=0 (2) 5 d4=120 (1) d4=0 (2) 4 2 1 d6=330 (1) d6=0 (2) 6 4 d8=700 (1) d8=300 (2) 7 9 1 8 (2) (1) (2) (1) (2) (1) d7=200 (1) d1=1120 (1) 210(EL) 150(EL) 160(EL) 155(EL) 150(EL) 165(EL) 160(EL) 195(EL) Table 2.
Alperovits & Shamir [4] (segmental links) Farmani et al [7] (discrete links) Ilemobade & Stephenson [3] (discrete links) Wadessy (segmental links) 267,113.00 268,000.00 262,000.00 253,443.23 The concept of an optimal solution here means the best solution found so far.