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Online since: June 2011
Authors: Jiang Ying Wang, Jing Ji Zhang
On the other hand, the formation of BaTi2Si2O8 phase causes a reduction in the Ba/Sr ratio, which is also responsible for lattice shrinkage.
However, at high Si-B-O levels (≥10mol%), the Tm markedly reduces, which caused by the reduction in the Ba/Sr ratio due to the formation of BaTi2Si2O8.
The reduction in the permittivity is due to the deterioration of the ferroelectric long-range order [16], the decrease of Ba/Sr ratio and the formation of low-permittivity BaTi2Si2O8 [17].
We fitted our data to Eq. (1) as indicated by the solid line in Fig. 4.
The symbols indicate the experimental data and the solid lines represent fitting to Eq. (1).
However, at high Si-B-O levels (≥10mol%), the Tm markedly reduces, which caused by the reduction in the Ba/Sr ratio due to the formation of BaTi2Si2O8.
The reduction in the permittivity is due to the deterioration of the ferroelectric long-range order [16], the decrease of Ba/Sr ratio and the formation of low-permittivity BaTi2Si2O8 [17].
We fitted our data to Eq. (1) as indicated by the solid line in Fig. 4.
The symbols indicate the experimental data and the solid lines represent fitting to Eq. (1).
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Zhao Mei Xue
Above all, in order to achieve the strategic objective of sustainable development, energy consumption reduction of pumping units, improvement of system efficiency and reduction of production cost become the main tasks of oil fields to achieve the energy saving and efficiency improvement.
In order to improve the efficiency of pumping units to achieve energy saving and consumption reduction, some energy-saving technologies in pumping units have been continually developed such as parallel compensation capacitor technology; digital motor controller technology; general frequency-conversion and speed-regulation technology; permanent magnet synchronous motor technology, etc.
The main circuit inverter uses IGBT power transistor, and the control loop core uses DSP processor, which has the capacity of high-speed data computing and meets the requirements of DTC high-speed real-time calculation.
· Flexible Extension Taking into account of the trend of the future digital wells and the need for centralized control of the production process, it sets aside the extended interface of supporting the field bus, which can easily transmit the relevant data to the upper management system.
In order to improve the efficiency of pumping units to achieve energy saving and consumption reduction, some energy-saving technologies in pumping units have been continually developed such as parallel compensation capacitor technology; digital motor controller technology; general frequency-conversion and speed-regulation technology; permanent magnet synchronous motor technology, etc.
The main circuit inverter uses IGBT power transistor, and the control loop core uses DSP processor, which has the capacity of high-speed data computing and meets the requirements of DTC high-speed real-time calculation.
· Flexible Extension Taking into account of the trend of the future digital wells and the need for centralized control of the production process, it sets aside the extended interface of supporting the field bus, which can easily transmit the relevant data to the upper management system.
Online since: December 2011
Authors: In Soo Kim, Jin Hyuk Lee
The initial Al alloy sheets were then asymmetrically rolled to different reductions per each passes ranging from 5 to about 10% on a laboratory asymmetrical rolling mill with upper and lower rolling speed ratio of 1.5:1.
Orientation distribution functions (ODF) of Al alloy sheets were calculated from the measured pole figure data [16].
After asymmetric rolling with 5% reduction in thickness, distorted cube texture, {001}<100>, distorted rotated cube texture, {001}<110> at s=0.9 layer and distorted rotated cube texture, {001}<110> at center layer (S=0)was observed in Fig. 2 (b).
After asymmetric rolling with 10% reduction in thickness, distorted cube texture, {001}<100>, distorted rotated cube texture, {001}<110>, {123}<634>, {120}<021> and {120}<233> at one tenth thickness surface (S=0.9) and center (s=0) layer in Fig. 2 (c)
The average r-values (r(_) -values) and |Δr|-values were able to be calculated by using pole figure and ODF data [16] of Fig. 1 and 2 as shown in Fig. 3.
Orientation distribution functions (ODF) of Al alloy sheets were calculated from the measured pole figure data [16].
After asymmetric rolling with 5% reduction in thickness, distorted cube texture, {001}<100>, distorted rotated cube texture, {001}<110> at s=0.9 layer and distorted rotated cube texture, {001}<110> at center layer (S=0)was observed in Fig. 2 (b).
After asymmetric rolling with 10% reduction in thickness, distorted cube texture, {001}<100>, distorted rotated cube texture, {001}<110>, {123}<634>, {120}<021> and {120}<233> at one tenth thickness surface (S=0.9) and center (s=0) layer in Fig. 2 (c)
The average r-values (r(_) -values) and |Δr|-values were able to be calculated by using pole figure and ODF data [16] of Fig. 1 and 2 as shown in Fig. 3.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Chun Feng Jia, Bo Duan
Compared with traditionary quality improvement means, the outstanding characteristics of six sigma improvement are following: it emphasizes the analysis of customer demand as well as identification and improvement of quality characteristic; it emphasizes the data makes decision and the quantification of quality improvement process; it emphasizes comprehensive application of quality technique and method; it emphasizes financial data evaluation of quality improvement result.
1.2 The main process of six sigma improvement
Form the point of six sigma improvement procedures, the currency is DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analysis, Improve, Control) process.
Aerospace six sigma improvement project evaluation The evaluation of aerospace six sigma improvement project includes two aspects, on the one hand, the evaluation of the implement process of aerospace six sigma improvement project, whether achieved the standard and target requirement of every stage; on the other hand, the evaluation of the benefit of the project, using quantitative index including cost reduction, capital requirement reduction, customer satisfaction and growth, risk reduction and so on.
Aerospace six sigma improvement project evaluation The evaluation of aerospace six sigma improvement project includes two aspects, on the one hand, the evaluation of the implement process of aerospace six sigma improvement project, whether achieved the standard and target requirement of every stage; on the other hand, the evaluation of the benefit of the project, using quantitative index including cost reduction, capital requirement reduction, customer satisfaction and growth, risk reduction and so on.
Online since: July 2012
Authors: Tian Ming Chen, Yong Chen, Sen Xiang Yang, Qing Chun Li, Jian Hua Zeng, Liang Chen
Mould electro-magnetic stirring and soft-reduction at the end of solidification are used in Bloom caster.
Bloom Continuous casting 4 machine 4 arc bloom caster with 3 point straightening, arc radius R=15m, separation distance of flow is 2m-2.2m-2m, metallurgy length is 40m,casting speed is 0.5-1.5m/min, section of Bloom is 360mm×450mm,mould weight is 45t,soft-reduction at the end of solidification. converter smelting technology According to the requirements of customers, the composition of L80-3Cr steel should be controlled in Table 2 mentioned and the practical composition of products are shown in Table 2.
Soft reduction technology is adopted.
Table4 Results of macroscopic examination/level Items General porosity Center porosity Center segregation Center shrinkage cavity Practical data 0.5~1.0 0~1.0 0~1.0 0.5~1.0 Requirement ≤1.0 ≤1.0 ≤2.0 ≤1.0 Fig5 Typical macroscopic picture Tabale5 Metallographic examination of bars /level Items A B C D Ds Practical data 0.5~1.0 0.5~1.0 0~0.5 0.5~1.0 0.5~1.0 Requirement ≤2.0 ≤2.0 ≤2.0 ≤2.0 ≤2.5 Inclusion level of 23 heats of bars are examined in talbe5 and it meets the requirement of customers.
Bloom Continuous casting 4 machine 4 arc bloom caster with 3 point straightening, arc radius R=15m, separation distance of flow is 2m-2.2m-2m, metallurgy length is 40m,casting speed is 0.5-1.5m/min, section of Bloom is 360mm×450mm,mould weight is 45t,soft-reduction at the end of solidification. converter smelting technology According to the requirements of customers, the composition of L80-3Cr steel should be controlled in Table 2 mentioned and the practical composition of products are shown in Table 2.
Soft reduction technology is adopted.
Table4 Results of macroscopic examination/level Items General porosity Center porosity Center segregation Center shrinkage cavity Practical data 0.5~1.0 0~1.0 0~1.0 0.5~1.0 Requirement ≤1.0 ≤1.0 ≤2.0 ≤1.0 Fig5 Typical macroscopic picture Tabale5 Metallographic examination of bars /level Items A B C D Ds Practical data 0.5~1.0 0.5~1.0 0~0.5 0.5~1.0 0.5~1.0 Requirement ≤2.0 ≤2.0 ≤2.0 ≤2.0 ≤2.5 Inclusion level of 23 heats of bars are examined in talbe5 and it meets the requirement of customers.
Online since: June 2011
Authors: Hao Yuan Cai, Hui Li, Jian Hai Sun, Da Fu Cui, Lu Lu Zhang, Xing Chen
A 12 bit analog-to-digital converter, a 100 pin programmable logic device and a high speed 51 serials microcontroller are used to digitize the sensor’s outputs, process sensor data and control instrument.
The output noise is reduced by measuring the intensity of the reflected beam and averaging the output data.
The oxidation peak is at 0.46V and the reduction peak is at -0.02V.
The peak current ratio between oxidation and reduction reaction is nearly 1.
Then the potential sweeps in an opposite direction from 0.7V to -0.2V and the reduction peak gives the similar results.
The output noise is reduced by measuring the intensity of the reflected beam and averaging the output data.
The oxidation peak is at 0.46V and the reduction peak is at -0.02V.
The peak current ratio between oxidation and reduction reaction is nearly 1.
Then the potential sweeps in an opposite direction from 0.7V to -0.2V and the reduction peak gives the similar results.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: You Ying Ma, Hao Wang, Wen Nie, Gang Zhou
Nowadays, coal seam water infusion, spray and dust reduction, dedusting by dust collector, ventilation and dust control, and chemical depression of dust are commonly used to decrease higher concentration of dust on extracting coal face at home and abroad.
Three repetitions of this operation were done in order to take the average data so that we can finally obtain a optimal concentration of the foaming agent.
Tab.2 Concentration of dust without any dust-reduction measures on spot.
Heading face Working spot of driver Tail of transfer machine 100m far from heading face Respirable dust/mg·m-3 459 145.6 103.3 97.5 Totalcoal dust/mg·m-3 1077 323.3 275.4 200.6 Tab.3 Concentration of dust after traditional dust-reduction measures on spot.
Heading face Working spot of driver Tail of transfer machine 100m far from heading face Respirable dust/mg·m-3 59.2 8.0 7.9 7.4 Totalcoal dust/mg·m-3 126.1 t17.5 17.6 12.6 Data from the three figures above shows that after taking former dedusting measures, dust-laying rate of respirable dust and total coal dust are individually 53.4% and 54.4%.
Three repetitions of this operation were done in order to take the average data so that we can finally obtain a optimal concentration of the foaming agent.
Tab.2 Concentration of dust without any dust-reduction measures on spot.
Heading face Working spot of driver Tail of transfer machine 100m far from heading face Respirable dust/mg·m-3 459 145.6 103.3 97.5 Totalcoal dust/mg·m-3 1077 323.3 275.4 200.6 Tab.3 Concentration of dust after traditional dust-reduction measures on spot.
Heading face Working spot of driver Tail of transfer machine 100m far from heading face Respirable dust/mg·m-3 59.2 8.0 7.9 7.4 Totalcoal dust/mg·m-3 126.1 t17.5 17.6 12.6 Data from the three figures above shows that after taking former dedusting measures, dust-laying rate of respirable dust and total coal dust are individually 53.4% and 54.4%.
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Ming Xia Shen, Bin Huang
Questionnaires of different contents are used in different stages in order to acquire more scientific and objective data and facts.
Investigation data show users utilizing public bicycles more than 5 times per week account for 55.5% of all users, and users utilizing 1-2 times per week account for 30%.
Data show 62% use them for commuting and traveling, and 27.6% for shopping and body exercise.
At the same time, investigation data show that percentage of non-local tourists choosing not satisfied or rather dissatisfied is 1.8% lower than that of Hangzhou local citizens, so generally non-local tourists feel more satisfied with Hangzhou’s PBS.
Investigation data show there are some major problems in PBS running.
Investigation data show users utilizing public bicycles more than 5 times per week account for 55.5% of all users, and users utilizing 1-2 times per week account for 30%.
Data show 62% use them for commuting and traveling, and 27.6% for shopping and body exercise.
At the same time, investigation data show that percentage of non-local tourists choosing not satisfied or rather dissatisfied is 1.8% lower than that of Hangzhou local citizens, so generally non-local tourists feel more satisfied with Hangzhou’s PBS.
Investigation data show there are some major problems in PBS running.
Online since: May 2014
Authors: Sheng Tao Zhang, Wen Po Li, Xiu Li Zuo, Jin Hu Liang, Jia Hong He
So the optical data analyzed by the software WVASE32 used for fitting is among wavelength range 400–900nm.
The construction of an optical model is one of the most important steps in ellipsometry data analysis.
The model was introduced to analyze the spectroscopic ellipsometry data(Fig.2) in terms of Ψ and Δ at different deposition time.
Fitted values of film thickness (nm) during the first 180 s of electrodeposition in solution S0 (●)and solution S0+acetate(■) with error bars(data from Fig. 2).
It is in agreement with potentiodynamic polarization evidence from CV data(Fig. 1).
The construction of an optical model is one of the most important steps in ellipsometry data analysis.
The model was introduced to analyze the spectroscopic ellipsometry data(Fig.2) in terms of Ψ and Δ at different deposition time.
Fitted values of film thickness (nm) during the first 180 s of electrodeposition in solution S0 (●)and solution S0+acetate(■) with error bars(data from Fig. 2).
It is in agreement with potentiodynamic polarization evidence from CV data(Fig. 1).
Online since: September 2012
Authors: Wei Feng Du, Xiao Min
The essence of text feature extraction is dimensionality reduction technique of high dimensional data, or to say, the high dimensional data maps to a lower dimensional space by transformation.
The main problem of dimension reduction methods is that information contains in data may lose from the high dimensionality to low dimensional.
So the original different data in a high dimensional space will be mixed together in low-dimensional space(Fig. 2).
Fig. 2 High Dimensional Data into a Low Dimensional Space Using TFIDF as the measure index can be more appropriately express the fact.
Data mining principle and technology.
The main problem of dimension reduction methods is that information contains in data may lose from the high dimensionality to low dimensional.
So the original different data in a high dimensional space will be mixed together in low-dimensional space(Fig. 2).
Fig. 2 High Dimensional Data into a Low Dimensional Space Using TFIDF as the measure index can be more appropriately express the fact.
Data mining principle and technology.