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Online since: July 2019
Authors: Dinh Lam Dang, Matthieu Urbain, Stephane Rael
In general, RCH decreases with temperature due to the VTH reduction and the simultaneous increase of k [5-7].
It appears clearly in Fig. 2 that the decrease of RCH outweighs the increase of RD, leading to the reduction of RDS(ON) at low temperatures.
Consequently, the mobility μ slightly declines that partially leads to the RCH reduction with temperature at smaller rates.
(5) (6) For a given gate bias, the factor k behavior with temperature is described as (7) The unknown parameters of the model with temperatures are extracted using the measurement data, through nonlinear curve fitting techniques in MATLAB.
It appears clearly in Fig. 2 that the decrease of RCH outweighs the increase of RD, leading to the reduction of RDS(ON) at low temperatures.
Consequently, the mobility μ slightly declines that partially leads to the RCH reduction with temperature at smaller rates.
(5) (6) For a given gate bias, the factor k behavior with temperature is described as (7) The unknown parameters of the model with temperatures are extracted using the measurement data, through nonlinear curve fitting techniques in MATLAB.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Gao Bo Li
The development of low carbon and carbon emission reduction is one of the most important objectives of the Xinwen group developing low-carbon economy.
During the development, the Xinwen group has carried out energy saving and emission reduction, made full use of energy, adjusted the economic structure, and changed the mode of growth.
The selection of the evaluation index is the first and important link in establishing energy-saving and emission reduction system.
In this paper, after investigation in the new mines group and staff exchanges, the author deals with the collected data in detail and processes the system analysis.
During the development, the Xinwen group has carried out energy saving and emission reduction, made full use of energy, adjusted the economic structure, and changed the mode of growth.
The selection of the evaluation index is the first and important link in establishing energy-saving and emission reduction system.
In this paper, after investigation in the new mines group and staff exchanges, the author deals with the collected data in detail and processes the system analysis.
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Lenka Gábrová
The input data of the daylight simulation were: CIE overcast sky model with the gradation of sky luminances 1:3 from horizon to zenith; the light reflectance ρ [-] of: the surrounding terrain ρ = 0.1, balcony: ρ = 0.2, walls ρ = 0.5, ceiling ρ = 0.7, floor ρ = 0.3; the type of the glazing: the double glazing unit, clear glass; the light transmittance of a glass pane: 0.92; the coefficient of the window construction: 0.75; the maintenance factor for the interior: 0.95; the maintenance factor for the exterior: 0.90.
In rooms D and E whose depth is 6 m and 7 m, the balcony overhang of 1.5 m causes a reduction of the minimum daylight factor by only 0.1 percentage points which represents a change of about 17 % for the room deep 7 m and 12.5 % for the room deep 6 m in relation to the same rooms D and E without the balconies.
Figure 2 (left): Reduction of the daylight factor DFavg in the evaluated room with the balcony compared to the same room without the balcony Figure 3 (right): Increase in daylight uniformity in the evaluated room with the balcony compared to the same room without the balcony As mentioned above, the balcony reduces the maximum daylight factor DFmax more significantly than the minimum daylight factor DFmin.
In the case of the short rooms (room A, B), the reduction of the daylight factor is significant in the full area of the rooms.
In rooms D and E whose depth is 6 m and 7 m, the balcony overhang of 1.5 m causes a reduction of the minimum daylight factor by only 0.1 percentage points which represents a change of about 17 % for the room deep 7 m and 12.5 % for the room deep 6 m in relation to the same rooms D and E without the balconies.
Figure 2 (left): Reduction of the daylight factor DFavg in the evaluated room with the balcony compared to the same room without the balcony Figure 3 (right): Increase in daylight uniformity in the evaluated room with the balcony compared to the same room without the balcony As mentioned above, the balcony reduces the maximum daylight factor DFmax more significantly than the minimum daylight factor DFmin.
In the case of the short rooms (room A, B), the reduction of the daylight factor is significant in the full area of the rooms.
Online since: February 2011
Authors: Yun Qing Ma, Cui Ping Wang, Xing Jun Liu, Shui Yuan Yang, Yun Neng Wang, Xu Liang Liu
. %) could be hot rolled to 75 % reduction in thickness without producing any crack.
Then they were hot rolled to plates of about 1.2 mm thickness, with the reduction more than 90 %.
The microhardness of the samples was determined on a Micro Hardness Tester HMV-1/2(T) with an average value of five data.
Although the TiB precipitates could not be clearly observed in the micrographs (Fig. 2B), the reduction of grain sizes is obvious.
Then they were hot rolled to plates of about 1.2 mm thickness, with the reduction more than 90 %.
The microhardness of the samples was determined on a Micro Hardness Tester HMV-1/2(T) with an average value of five data.
Although the TiB precipitates could not be clearly observed in the micrographs (Fig. 2B), the reduction of grain sizes is obvious.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Yong Ping Hao, Jia Yi Zhang, Yu Yang Guo, Xiao Yu Wang
Through the projectile in different position of rudder and aerodynamic analysis simulation, it can be seen that the rudder is the same and the distance from leading rudder to projectile seeker is different, the drag factor, lifting factor, reduction of rotation torque factor, drag coefficient factor, which are obtained the same angle have a certain relation with the distance from the leading rudder to projectile seeker, as shown in Fig. 4 to Fig. 9.
According to the analysis of the data available, the average drag of the projectile in position A1 is 0.87% bigger than it in position A2,3.1% bigger than it in position A3 and 3.3% bigger than it in position A4.The average yaw force in position A1 is 12.6% bigger than it in position A2,30.2% bigger than it in position A3 and 49.52% bigger than it in position A4.The average of the anti-rotation torque reduction in position A1 is 7.87% bigger than it in position A2,19.6% bigger than it in position A3 and 26.96% bigger than it in position A4.The projectile turning torque on average in position A1 is 14.8% bigger than it in position A2,33.96% bigger than it in position A3 and 60.3% bigger than it in position A4.Then establish a trajectory model, the rudder achieving reduction and analyze maximum rudder correction ability in different positions.
According to the analysis of the data available, the average drag of the projectile in position A1 is 0.87% bigger than it in position A2,3.1% bigger than it in position A3 and 3.3% bigger than it in position A4.The average yaw force in position A1 is 12.6% bigger than it in position A2,30.2% bigger than it in position A3 and 49.52% bigger than it in position A4.The average of the anti-rotation torque reduction in position A1 is 7.87% bigger than it in position A2,19.6% bigger than it in position A3 and 26.96% bigger than it in position A4.The projectile turning torque on average in position A1 is 14.8% bigger than it in position A2,33.96% bigger than it in position A3 and 60.3% bigger than it in position A4.Then establish a trajectory model, the rudder achieving reduction and analyze maximum rudder correction ability in different positions.
Online since: March 2010
Authors: Hong Bo Li, Mei Lu, Jun Ting Luo
The experiment scheme are as follows:
(1)ε& =10 s-1, T=300°C, reduction amount is 7.5mm
(2)ε& =20 s-1, T=300°C, reduction amount is 7.5mm
(3)ε& =20 s-1, T=350°C, reduction amount is 7.5mm.
The corresponding data from the compression experiment are as follows: (1)When the experiment temperature is 300°C, d0=25µm, ε& =10 s-1, Pε =0.10 (Fig.1(a)), T=573 K, dynd =10.07µm(Fig.2(a))
(2)ε& =20 s-1, T=300°C, reduction amount is 7.5mm
(3)ε& =20 s-1, T=350°C, reduction amount is 7.5mm.
The corresponding data from the compression experiment are as follows: (1)When the experiment temperature is 300°C, d0=25µm, ε& =10 s-1, Pε =0.10 (Fig.1(a)), T=573 K, dynd =10.07µm(Fig.2(a))
Online since: May 2020
Authors: T.V. Tarasova, I.S. Belashova, S.D. Kuzmin, S.A. Egorov
Analysis of the literature data shows that the least studied in the field of laser heat treatment are high-alloyed corrosion-resistant steel.
Such a change in the structure provides additional strengthening and reduction of undesirable stresses, which in the process of using the product can lead to the formation of cracks.
At an annealing temperature of 800°C, the carbide phase coagulated and the martensite decomposed, which led to a weakening of the surface (Figure 2, b) Thus, high efficiency of laser heat treatment of steel 95X18 with subsequent tempering at temperatures up to 500 ° C has been established to improve the tribological properties of the surface layers due to an additional reduction in the amount of residual austenite and separation of the fine carbide phase (Figure 1).
Such a change in the structure provides additional strengthening and reduction of undesirable stresses (an increase in the surface microhardness to 910 HV) [6].
Such a change in the structure provides additional strengthening and reduction of undesirable stresses, which in the process of using the product can lead to the formation of cracks.
At an annealing temperature of 800°C, the carbide phase coagulated and the martensite decomposed, which led to a weakening of the surface (Figure 2, b) Thus, high efficiency of laser heat treatment of steel 95X18 with subsequent tempering at temperatures up to 500 ° C has been established to improve the tribological properties of the surface layers due to an additional reduction in the amount of residual austenite and separation of the fine carbide phase (Figure 1).
Such a change in the structure provides additional strengthening and reduction of undesirable stresses (an increase in the surface microhardness to 910 HV) [6].
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Zhan Yi Cao, Feng Xiao Huang, Liang Guo, Xu Sun, Dong Mei Jiang
The results of tensile tests were based on the average data of three or four specimens on each test condition.
Actually, the improvement of the yield strength is 10MPa, the numbers demonstrate that strengthening by grain size reduction is more, the strengthening mechanisms of the MZCxZr alloys is mainly the grain size reduction strengthening effect.
It is associated with the reduction of the grain size caused the strenghening effect.
Actually, the improvement of the yield strength is 10MPa, the numbers demonstrate that strengthening by grain size reduction is more, the strengthening mechanisms of the MZCxZr alloys is mainly the grain size reduction strengthening effect.
It is associated with the reduction of the grain size caused the strenghening effect.
Online since: September 2017
Authors: Fatih Apaydın, Mesut Arikoğlu, Ali Özer
By reduction of the α-Al grain size by grain refining operations during casting, the casting quality can be improved [2].
Titanium and boron are very well known by their viscosity reduction by adding into Al castings about 0.05-0.2 wt% as well as increasing ductility and thermal conductivity of the final product [9].
When the boron is not used, grain reduction effect of titanium is reduced during re-melting.
A52, A72 and A32 according to the coded data obtained by testing the hardness of the sample particle size generally thinner the grain boundaries is observed an increase in the hardness and strength values of the samples will increase.
Titanium and boron are very well known by their viscosity reduction by adding into Al castings about 0.05-0.2 wt% as well as increasing ductility and thermal conductivity of the final product [9].
When the boron is not used, grain reduction effect of titanium is reduced during re-melting.
A52, A72 and A32 according to the coded data obtained by testing the hardness of the sample particle size generally thinner the grain boundaries is observed an increase in the hardness and strength values of the samples will increase.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Qi Zhang, Xiu Li Xu, Zhen Wang, Hai Ying Gao
In the Le’an river catchment, the main symptoms caused by non-point source pollution of nitrogen, phosphorus and soil loss are: eutrophication of water body; destruction of aquatic creature's living environment; sediment deposition, causing elevated riverbed and a reduction of water capacity and contamination of drinking water sources, influencing the health of residents.
Literature indicated that forestland has a certain function of interception on SS [3] and a strong filtration and reduction of non-point source pollution including soil loss.
This may be due to that the abrupt reduction in rainfall and river discharge in February 2011 caused an increase in SS concentration when the soil sediments happened to be still high in rivers resulted from the previous months.
Seasonal suspended sediment estimating models in Lake Taihu using remote sensing data.J.Lake Sci. 2007, 19(3):241-249.
Literature indicated that forestland has a certain function of interception on SS [3] and a strong filtration and reduction of non-point source pollution including soil loss.
This may be due to that the abrupt reduction in rainfall and river discharge in February 2011 caused an increase in SS concentration when the soil sediments happened to be still high in rivers resulted from the previous months.
Seasonal suspended sediment estimating models in Lake Taihu using remote sensing data.J.Lake Sci. 2007, 19(3):241-249.