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The present raw materials of mc-Si solar cell are mainly the head-end materials or scraps of sc-Si used in the micro-electronic industry.
Bruton: Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells Vol. 72(2002), p. 3 [3] S.Y.
Konaga: Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells Vol. 92(2008), p. 639 [4] T.F.
Lan: Journal Crystal Growth, Vol. 318(2011), p. 219 [5] M.
Durand: Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells Vol. 72(2002) p. 101

Hard rock is a heterogeneous material in nature, and consists of different grains and cementing materials in which internal stiffness and strength show a significant variation.
International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts，1976，13(4)：103–112
International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts，1982，19(2)：49–64
International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts，1994，31(6)：643–659
International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts，1981，18(3)：199–209

Ionic Polymer Composite Material (IPMC) is a flexible material and has concealed many benefits to inspire the scientists and researchers to explore its physiognomies for real-world applications in various fields.
Many researchers have worked on the application side of the material.
Kim, “Ionic Polymer metal composites: Industrial and medical applications IV”, “Smart Materials and Structures, Vol. 14, pp. 197-214, 2005
[3] Muhammad Farid et. al, “Forward Kinematic modeling and simulation of Ionic Polymer Metal Composites (IPMC) actuators for bionic knee joint” Advanced Materials Research Vols. 889-890 (2014) pp. 938-941
[5] Muhammad Farid et. al,“ Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of Ionic Polymer Metal Composites (IPMC) Actuated Manipulator”, Journal of Applied Science, Issue 11, Vol. 14, 2014.

The functionally graded materials (FGMs) were initially introduced as the thermal barrier material.
Gun'ko, Mechanical reinforcement of polymers using carbon nanotubes, Advanced Materials, 18 (2006) 689-706
Wu, Processing and properties of carbon nanotubes–nano-SiC ceramic, Journal of Materials Science, 33 (1998) 5243-5246
Elliott, Molecular dynamics simulations of the elastic properties of polymer/carbon nanotube composites, Computational Materials Science, 39 (2007) 315-323
Bolton, Molecular dynamics studies of the influence of single wall carbon nanotubes on the mechanical properties of Poly(vinylidene fluoride), Computational Materials Science, 68 (2013) 73-80

Nevertheless, corrosion-resistant materials lack the economic viability to completely replace mild steel as the preferred material.
Materials and Corrosion, 70(6), (2019) 1111-1119
Journal of Electrochemical Science and Engineering, 13(3), (2023) 469-490
Materials 14(21) (2021) 6596. https:// doi. org/ 10.3390/ ma142 16596 [40] P.Kumari and M.
Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies ;8(sup3), (2022) 1227-44

Such as coating, selecting materials, changing environmental conditions, selecting designs, anodic and cathodic protection, as well as corrosive media inhibitor addition [3].
Arab Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences. 25(2) (2020) 45-55
Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology. 33(11) (2019) 1169-1183
Materials. 8 (2015) 3607–3632
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 502 (2017) 134-145

Now, it has been used in IC manufacturing and ultra precision machining of hard and brittle materials.
Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51375149).
References [1] Logothetidis S., Laskarakis A.: ‘Towards the optimization of materials and processes for flexible organic electronics devices’, The European Physical Journal Applied Physics, 2009, 46 (1): 12502 (1-9)
[6] Someya T.: ‘Flexible electronics: Tiny lamps to illuminate the body’, Nature Materials, 2010,9(11):879-880
Ke-na, et al.: ‘Study on Decomposition Rate and Stability of Hydrogen Peroxide’, Journal of Jiaxing University,2010,22(3):51-53

It can reduce the workload and increase accuracy to use M.oryzae toxin to identify blast resistances of rice and select resistant materials.
Materials and Methods Test Materials Rice material hybrid rice variety GangYou725 (The control variety of regional trial in Sichuan province) was kindly provided by the institute of rice, southwest university of science and technology.
Therefore, using toxin of M.oryzae, instead of pathogens, to test the resistance in rice materials and select resistant materials preliminary is simple and fast.
Especially during the low generation assisted selection on rice blast resistance breeding, we can use toxin of M.oryzae to pre-treat rice breeding materials on low generations to kill most of the seeds without resistant gene.
Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology: Phytotoxin in Plant Pathogen, Vol.3, No. 22(2001), p. 1-5

Virtual reality (VR) is a hot spot of technology at home and abroad in recent years, is an integrated and information science.
Application of virtual agriculture technology imitation of mechanical movement, and combining to the moving parts to the power, then give the parts with different material parameters, the entire body movement can be predetermined, each point of dynamics and kinematics parameters can be automatically generated by computer.
The plant growth constructs mold with can see to turn-review and outlook [J].Automate a college journal, 2001, 27(6)-816~835
Virtual reality and it is in the application on the agriculture [J].College journal in agriculture hospital in Tianjin, 2001,8(2):27-32
[6]Fei Lao, Yuye Zhu.The virtual realistic technique is in the application in the agriculture[J].Agriculture science in Anhui, 2007, 35:(14)4375- 4376

Introduction Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), as a member of the advanced composite materials, possesses good characteristic and advantages, distinguishing from the traditional metal materials.
With regard to factors causing flaws of composite materials during drilling, the principal factors are related to the tool materials and geometry, drilling parameters and processing technique.
International Journal of Materials and Product Technology, 2012, v 43, n 1-4, p 43-67 [2] Tsao, C.C.; Chiu, Y.C..
Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2010, v 210, n 8, p 1023-1034 [8] Ding, Jiangmin; Sun, Yanjie; Su, Chong.
Advanced Materials Research, 2011, v 186, p 161-164