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Introduction Nitric oxides (NO and NO2, called NOx) is one of the serious contaminations which need to be removed in diesel engine exhaust gases.[1-4] Because the diesel engine operates under excess oxygen and lower temperature, the conventional three-way catalysts are not effective for NOx reduction.[5-7] The selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technique is one of the promising catalytic aftertreatment technologies for chemically reducing the pollutant molecules of NOx to N2, but its reduction rate and stability are limited due to the lower temperature of diesel engine exhaust gases.[7-9] As the further development of SCR technique, the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma combined with SCR was used for NOx removal and the significant NOx removal rate was achieved.[1, 3, 5, 6, 10-14] However, the mechanism of NOx removal by DBD plasma combined with SCR is also not clearly known.
The analytical data were recorded at steady state, usually 20 minutes after changing parameters.
At the same time, due to the role of plasma, C3H6 was partly oxidized to active intermediates such as acetate, [9] which promoted the NOx reduction over catalysts by reacting with NO2, companied with the production of CO2 and CO.

The tests were performed at room temperature in a static hydraulic traction machine equipped with a 100 kN load cell accuracy of 1N VERSAT 1000 model, with the data acquisition software manufacturer itself.
The wire steel suffered 56% area reduction during cold rolling.
This elevates the driving force for the precipitation of nitrogen due to the reduction of the distance of diffusion of nitrogen to the dislocations.
Thus, the amount of NbN formed was small to contribute significantly to the reduction of free nitrogen in the ferrite, which could effectively reduce the effect of static aging.
Thus, there is no effective reduction of free nitrogen in ferrite through the formation of NbN.

In the case of the three variants of beams (i.e. without web connection, with web connection in the middle, or with web connection in the outermost quarters of the beam span) a gradual reduction in the load-carrying capacity of the specimens can be observed.
The reduction in load capacity is up to approximately 10%.
For variant C, there is even a reduction in deflection, which can be attributed to the increase in stiffness due to the infill at the bonded joint of the web.
It is clear from the obtained data that when the load level reaches approximately 15-30% (approximately 10-20 kN) for the beams without laminate, or when the load level reaches approximately 40-50% (approximately 70-90 kN) for the laminate-coated variant, the deformations start to increase.
This phenomenon is also reflected in a slight reduction in the stiffness of the whole composite beam and an acceleration in the increment of vertical deformations.

Data presented as the mean values of triplicates and the maximum standard deviation among triplicate results.
The reduction ratio of total Cu content changed from 11.54% without the compost application to 11.60%, 22.02%, 25.27%, 7.08% and 3.65% after the amendment of 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 g/kg compost to soil, respectively.
Furthermore, the reduction ratio was the greatest when the ratio of compost to soil was 60 g/kg.
However, the reduction ratio decreased when the application of compost amount kept increasing to 80 or even 100 g/kg.
Cu content before plant (mg/kg) Cu content after harvest (mg/kg) reduction ratio (%) C0 432.43±23.12 382.54±20.57 11.54 C20 426.47±18.26 376.98±18.26 11.60 C40 420.52±29.35 327.94±9.34 22.02 C60 414.56±8.29 309.78±5.92 25.27 C80 408.60±11.84 379.67±15.58 7.08 C100 402.64±22.38 387.95 ±24.16 3.65 Distribution of copper in soil A sequential extraction procedure was used to determine the distribution of copper in soil after B. juncea cultivation and compost application.

Introduction The main parameter of the newly developed designs solution of machines parts aimed primarily to reduction of the weight and also an increase proportion of energy-efficient recycled materials while is requirement to maintain the same or even better properties.
This fact is important to consider during evaluating the result data (dependency of acceleration on time).
In this study has been tested an using of hyperelastic element (spring) for reduction of vibration as is shown in (Fig. 2d). 
The elastic element was mounted between the arms of clamping device, which led to reduction of the vibrations.
For a further optimization, it is assumed that the final optimization of the system for reduction of the vibrations will be created with an actively controlled element.

Cylindrical rods with 5.5 mm in diameter were cold swaged to 24% and 44% reductions (in area), respectively.
In the deformed state, the samples of the PM 1000 alloy show deformation heterogeneities (bands) for both reductions.
These features are valid for both 24% and 44% reductions.
The schematic unit cells included in this figure show the typical rotations across the Σ-3 boundaries. 100 nm 200 nm 10 µµµµm a) b) Fig. 5 - Longitudinal section of PM 1000 annealed at 1200 o C for 10 min after 44% reduction: a) orientation image map showing the general view of the tiny elongated grains in the matrix and the color code referred to the LD; b) mesotexture data of a neighboring region showing Σ-3 boundaries (bold black lines) and low angle boundaries (fine red lines).

In this work, Si/Ag composite was prepared by liquid phase reduction method, where sodium borohydride (NaBH4) acting as the reducing agent was utilized.
Results and discussion Firstly, liquid phase reduction method was use to prepare Si/Ag composite.
XRD data demonstrate that the material prepared is composed of Si, Ag, pyrolytic carbon and MWCNTs.
First, Si/Ag composite was prepared by liquid phase reduction method, where sodium borohydride acting as the reducing agent was utilized.
Nanosized silicon-based composite derived by in situ mechanochemical reduction for lithium ion batteries[J].

Introduction For the successful commercialization of power devices based on wide bandgap compound semiconductors such as GaN and SiC, a continued improvement in material properties and reduction of defects is still needed.
A reduction of emission was observed near the conduction band edge from donor-bound excitons for both the conventionally-annealed and the MRTA-annealed samples.
Furthermore, a reduction in intensity in the broad PL band centered near 2.2 eV, whose tail also contributed to the near band edge luminescence, was observed for the MRTA annealed sample.
While measurement conditions (temperature, laser wavelength, etc.) were very different from those in the LTPL experiment, from this data it appeared that the MRTA anneal either removed these deep defects or changed them into weakly radiative ones.
A carrier lifetime of about 350 ns and a reduction in slow radiative response was observed.

Hot compression tests were conducted on Gleeble-1500 thermal simulator for TA15 titanium alloy at temperatures of 750~1050 °C and at strain rate of 0.001 ~ 1 s with a deformation reduction of 60%.
All the results are expected to provide valuable fundamental data for industrial process design [8-9]. 2.
（4） To regress the data in the Fig 2 and 3, the activation energy are derived in Table 1.
Fig.2. vs.ln( a=750℃ b=800℃ c=850℃ d=900℃ e=950℃ f=1000℃ g=1050℃) Fig.3. vs. 1/ (a=e=0.001/s b=f=0.01/s c=g=0.1/s d=h=1/s) Tab.1 The hot deformation activation energy of TA15 under various temperatures and strain rates Temperature/℃ Material phase β / kJ 750~900 α+β 0.031 619.264 950~1050 β 0.1256 522.58 As Z parameters under various deformation conditions can be obtained from the definition equation of Zenner-Hollomon parameter, the data for Z parameter and stress were plotted in Fig. 4.

The reduction in hardness was attributed to retention of lower amounts of chromium carbides in the clad layer at higher laser powers.
The X-ray diffraction (XRD) data shown in Fig. 3 reveals a gradual drop in the presence of chromium carbides with increasing laser power (drop in the intensity of the prominent chromium carbide peaks is indicated by arrows).
The energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) data (Fig. 5b) was used for better phase identification.
(a) Phase map generated by back scattered electron signal and phase identification, (b) elemental map for chromium, collected by EDX detector, (c) Phase map generated by back scattered electron signal, phase identification and EDX data b d c a d c Fig. 6.