Search results

The position of metal mesh and the mesh number of metal mesh make significant effects on the MOE; the type of metal mesh and the angle of metal mesh-wood grain do not have any obvious effects on the MOE.
The type of metal mesh and the position of metal mesh make significant effects on the MOR; the mesh number of metal mesh and the angle of metal mesh-wood grain do not have any obvious effects on the MOR.
All of them had three different mesh numbers (mesh number is defined as the number of meshes in 1 inch by 1 inch area), including 20, 30 and 40.
Consequently, the position of metal mesh makes significant effects on the MOE of LVL, and then the mesh number of metal mesh, the type of metal mesh and the angle of metal mesh-wood grain in order.
Consequently, the type of metal mesh makes significant effects on the MOR of LVL, and then the position of metal mesh, the angle of metal mesh-wood grain and the mesh number of metal mesh in order.

Introduction In the recent years a number of studies have been done in grain refinement of metals through severe plastic deformation processing (for example, see Ref. 1).
When the temperature increases to above 275°C, the duplex grain structure converts to a uniform coarser grain structure with average grain size above 4µm (Figure 1c).
Further increase of temperature results in normal grain growth until abnormal grain growth starts at 500°C.
The grain size increases slowly with the increasing temperature and approaches 10µm at 560°C without abnormal grain growth (Figure 12a).
A duplex grain structure enhances the tensile elongation in both fine grained AA5754 and AA5182.

Model design and equilibration For the investigation of the deformation and heat treatment related dynamic behavior of an atomistic multiple grain structure, an MD program was developed that follows Parrinello-Rahman Lagrangian dynamics [8], i.e. with constant number of particles, pressure and temperature (NPT-system) as invariants of the system.
The bottom central grain as well as the top-right grain also shrunk in size, while the other grains kept or increased their size.
The former top-left and top-central grain form now one grain as the dislocation between them (see Fig. 1) moved through the top-left grain to its boundary.
The top-center grain did not rotate.
Comparing the crystal orientations between neighboring grains, the rotations seem to be forced by the grains which either try to align their {111} planes to a neighboring orientation (e.g. the top-left grain to the top-central grain or the center-left grain to the bottomleft grain) or to seek for a perpendicular orientation relative to the neighbor crystal (e.g. the top-right grain to the top-central grain or the bottom-central grain to the bottom-left grain).

The alloy liquid undergoes non-equilibrium solidification so that a large number of dendritic grains are formed in the melt.
As the temperature decreases, the number of nucleation points in the melt increases, which induces a large number of nucleation of the melt.
There was only a few dimples could be seen on the fracture, instead with a large number of lamellar quasi-cleavage planes, indicating that brittle fracture occurred when the alloy fractured.
As shown in Fig. 5(b), the number of dimples in the fracture, with different sizes and deep dimple depths, was very large.
The grain spheroidizes and the grain boundary becomes rounded.

To avoid this unwanted effect – since the cracks propagate mainly on high angle grain boundaries – our goal was to enhance the number of special coincident site lattice type grain boundaries with thermomechanical treatment.
The grain boundaries which have a given fraction of atoms in the grain boundary plane which are coincident to both lattices separated by the grain boundary are characterized by the Coincident Site Lattice (CSL) model [5].
By increasing the number of the CSL-boundaries better corrosion and fatigue properties can be obtained [2, 5-7].
Fig.6 Crack length and width into the surface versus the fraction of CSL/random high angle grain boundary Conclusions The relative fraction of CSL grain boundaries to the total amount of grain boundaries increased due to the thermomechanical treatments.
Watanabe, Correlation of grain boundary connectivity with grain boundary character distribution in austenitic stainless steel.

The linear method was used to determine the average number of segments per one length unit of the NL structure and the average length of the circuits of grains in the áLñ flat structure.
The NA parameter has an [mm-2] dimension and is defined as a relative multiplicity of particles or grains in a flat structure, i.e. the average number of particles or grains per a unit area (also known as the density of particles or grains on the plane).
Pattern number 6 reflected the image of the structure best, so using the formula (1) it was calculated that the number of grains on the surface of 1 mm2 is 512, and the average áAñ surface area was determined to be 0.001953 mm2 with the following formula:
Based on the measurements for the Armco iron, the average number of grains per one unit of the NA area and the mean surface area of the grains in the áAñ flat structure were determined with the planimetric, the Jeffries and the comparative methods.
The linear method was used to determine the average number of segments per one unit of length of the NL structure and the average length of the circuits of the grains in the áLñ flat structure.

The number of residual phases and grain size were also counted by Image Plus Pro (IPP) software to complement the validation of homogenization.
Meanwhile, in the high Mg alloy, it is mainly dark brown reticular and light gray phases, and the number of fine precipitated phases near the grain boundaries is significantly increased.
The reason for the high number of Ag-containing Al2CuMg phases in high Mg alloy may be related to the Mg-Ag clusters.
Grain Characteristics during Homogenization.
Furthermore, the grain boundaries become clear, indicating that the grain interior segregation is eliminated.

Micrometric Grains.
In average, the more a grain initially deforms, the larger is the number of active slip systems at  max.
This last effect is due to the increasing number of sources that are activated under an increasing stress and to the production of additional sources by a more active cross-slip mechanism.
It also decreases with an increased number of initial sources and with increased cross-slip activity.
In addition, the number of grains, sixteen in the present case, does not need to be extremely large to obtain a reasonably realistic size effect.

The maximal absorption rate got 99.81%.The modified brewer's grains of amine surfactant modified is a promising treatment of chromium wastewater biological materials.
Brewer's grains is the main by-product of beer industry.
It have good hydrophilicity and easily adsorbed porous structure, containing a large number of hydroxyl groups.
The metal ion adsorption ability was increased by chemical modification of active groups[3].In the paper, the modified adsorbent was modified by amine reaction with brewer's grains that using epichlorohydrin(ECH) as etherfying agent,N,N-Dimethyl formamide (DMF) as dissolvent, triethylenete tramine(TETA) as cross-linking agent and introduce amino group,so as to utilize the brewer's grains as the low cost material for Cr(VI) wastewater purification, then the results would be the theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilization of the brewer's grains.
Material and Methods Material Preparation of modified brewer's grains biosorbent:The brewer's grains was from the bee laboratory in our school, washed with tap water, and dried at 50 °C to constant weight.

However, the microstructure evolution during HPT has been examined in details for restricted number of pure metals and alloys [1-3].
The numbers indicate the misorientation in degrees.
Second, the boundaries of some grains acquire an ability to migrate; new grains involving annealing twins and low dislocation density consume grains with size less than 100 nm that contain high density of lattice and grain boundary dislocations.
Fig. 5. a- Effect of strain on microhardness and recrystallized grain size after annealing at 500°C, 1 h of a Ni-20%Cr alloy. b - Schematic drawing for variation of structural mechanisms responsible for new grain development during annealing of cold-worked Ni-20%Cr alloy, where Nn – number of recrystallizing nuclei, Ns – number of strain-induced grains/subgrains.
In contrast, at lower strains, the number of nanoscale grains evolved is very restricted.