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The applications of the two methods for industry plants have been reported [8-12], and the reductions in liquid discharge were achieved.
The limiting data provided in Tab. 1 are based on the experience of the factory and tested by the site measurement.
The necessary limiting data of the process includes the limiting inlet and outlet contaminant concentration (ppm), and the contaminant mass load (kg/h) through the unit.
Tab. 1 Limiting Data of Water Inlet and Outlet Unit Ci,inlim (mg/L) Ci,outlim (mg/L) Filim (t/h) ∆mi (kg/h) Unit Ci,inlim (mg/L) Ci,outlim (mg/L) Filim (t/h) ∆mi (kg/h) 1 0 1 49 0.049 5 10 75 22.7 1.475 2 0 1 35.7 0.0357 6 20 75 22.7 1.475 3 0 24 40.3 0.9672 7 100 1000 45.4 44.1 4 0 50 13 0.65 8 500 1000 26.6 13.3 In Tab. 1, Filim, the limiting flow rate, is the freshwater requirement and ∆mi is the mass load of contaminant.
The 117.4 t/h freshwater corresponds to 45.97% reduction in freshwater requirement was obtained.

However, since the Industrial Revolution, rapid changes in population size, ecological degradation and globalization have led to a dramatic reduction in plant genetic diversity, which has been described as genetic erosion.
Genetic erosion may occur at three levels of integration: crop, variety and allele, which as reflected in a reduction of allelic evenness and richness appears to be the most useful definition, but has to be viewed in conjunction with events at variety level.
Rather than seeking to identify individual loci significantly associated with a trait, GS uses all marker data as predictors of performance and consequently delivers more accurate predictions.
And from related wild species, species-specific data can be obtained by whole-genome shot-gun sequencing, which can be used to design species specific polymerase chain reaction primers.
This requires knowledge of the genomic organization and function of genes, a solid foundation in statistical approaches to estimate genetic effects, strong background in plant biology, experience with both the laboratory methods of molecular biology/ functional genomics and field-based breeding practices, and the ability to manage large datasets with diverse data types.

A future trend seems to be a reduction of the product dimensions while keeping their product capabilities.
Fig. 4 Theoretical assumption of the roughness change when machined at 1000 DPI 1 – beam path at 500 DPI, 2 – beam path at 1000 DPI, 3 – hatched final profile of the machined surface Results and discussion Listed below, there are arithmetical averages of the measured data for the transverse roughness Ra at 500 DPI and 1000 DPI ( Tab.
To get the maximal information of the measured data, 3D graphs in Matlab software were created.
According to the obtained data (groove depth, mean arithmetical deviation and maximal profile height) an optimum configuration of power and feed setting resulting in achieving of the desired values for surfaces machined with laser feed at 500 DPI and 1000 DPI.
This implicates worsening of accuracy of size as well as the reduction of surface quality especially at lower value of feed [5, 6, 7, 8].

The increase of ion energy results in growth of defects concentration and reduction of the growing diamond-like condensate stability.
Fig. 3 Influence of the deposition speed of a carbon coating on the microhardness Hµ and the density D of the condensate The experimental research confirm the literature data that the hardness of the DLC coating growths with increase of its density (see Fig. 4).
The diamond-like carbon coatings with Al2O3-TiCmatrices allow significant reduction of the friction coefficient µ from 0.5…0.6 (Fig. 5a) to 0.2…0.25 (Fig. 5b).
(a) (b) (c) (d) Fig. 6 Scratch panoramas of the Al2O3-TiCceramics with the DLC coating under loads of 1…5 N (a), 1…10 N (b), 1…20N (c), 1…40 N(d) The submitted data show that even with the ultimate load (up to 40 N) on indenter, the adhesion bond between the coating and substrate remains strong.
The experimental data showed that during the lathe turning the abrasive wear with craters on the tool’s rake surface is the most typical wear type.

Cyclic voltammorgram (CV) measurement was used to investigate the reduction process under controlled parameters.
Until to date, the reported work of n-Cu2O is more focus on the construction of homojunction, there are lack data on parameter optimization and also the structural and morphological properties [11, 13].
The graphs shown were only the reduction part of the cyclic voltammmetry measurement.
Based on Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, temperature at 30, 50 and 60℃ seem to have possibility for deposition since there are reduction region of Cu2O.
The region of reduction process is believed to be 2Cu+ + 2OH-àCu2O + H2O (1) However, for pH 5.5 and 6.5, both at 30℃ were not taken for deposition.

Results show that the reduction in compressive strength is greater with the higher cement replacement level for all concretes particularly for POFA binary concretes.
Thus it is necessary to find an alternative way to utilize this wastage, which has various indirect benefits such as reduction in the dumped waste and environment sustainability.
Result and Discussion POFA Binary Concrete According to obtained data in Figure 1, it was observed that POFA decreased the compressive strength of concrete with increasing POFA content compared to PC concrete for all w/b ratios.
The reason for the reduction in compressive strength of POFA binary may be attributed to the effect of PC dilution, which decreases the CH supply and increases the effective water (due to the reduced in PC level) in the mix [14].
However, the strength reduction was increased with increasing POFA level at 45%.

Flaky ZnO thin films were electrodeposited from an aqueous solution of zinc nitrate (Zn(NO3)2) as electrolyte on ITO glass substrate by cathodic reduction method The effect of electrolyte concentration on the structure, morphology and optical properties of ZnO thin films were studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and UV-Vis spectrometer.
In our study, flaky ZnO thin films were electrodeposited from an aqueous solution of Zn(NO3)2 as electrolyte onto ITO covered glass substrates by cathodic reduction method without any surfactants.
To confirm optical band gap, the absorption data of the samples are conducted to make the relation curve as shown in Fig. 4.
(4) Site ZnO Zn2+ absorption ZnO 2e- NO3- Zn2+ electron transfer ZnO ZnO formation NO2- Fig. 5 The illustration of the electrodeposition of ZnO in Zn(NO3)2 bath Conclusion A facile and low cost synthetic process (cathodic reduction method) to prepare ZnO films in the aqueous solution at low temperature, 70 ℃ without any surfactants is presented, and the reaction mechanism has been discussed systematically.
Levy-Clement, et al., Role of chloride ions on electrochemical deposition of ZnO nanowire arrays from O2 reduction, J.

Therefore, an attempt to explain the effect of quartzite chemical composition on the electro thermal process of ferrosilicon melting was made based on a physicochemical model of a reduction process [2, 3].
The algorithm requires, as the input data, the initial composition of raw mixture, process parameters and a list of components that may appear in the equilibrium composition of each system phase.
In real conditions, the temperature Tw corresponds to the temperature of gases that are by-products in the process of silica reduction with carbon directly after leaving the furnace charge surface.
Also the theoretical yields of elements in the carbothermic reduction process were determined.

Subsequently, 50 mmol glucose, 0.125 mol sodium hydroxide and 2 g zinc powder were added to the PVP solution under vigorous stirring to control the reduction potential and pH.
While the reduction of cupric ion was preceded, the suspension color was gradually changed from black to greenish yellow to brown to reddish brown.
However the nucleation temperature could be lowered under 100� by adding zinc powder because galvanic exchange reaction between copper and zinc was easily occurred due to their large difference of reduction potential.
X-ray diffraction pattern of prepared nanoparticles XRD pattern (Fig. 2) of the resulting product is identical to the single-phase cuprous oxide with a face-centered cubic structure and the diffraction data are in good agreement with JCPDS card of cuprous oxide (JCPDS 05-667).

The conventional sintering costs long time and huge amounts of energy and lead oxide volatilization during high temperature sintering leads to reduction of density and strength.
Results and Discussion Tab.1 Mass reduction of samples Sample Mass(mg) reduction proportion(%) before sintering after sintering difference Method One 2943.32 2939.74 3.58 0.12163 Method Two 2957.95 2957.92 0.03 0.00101 conventional sinter 2993.53 2978.55 14.98 0.50041 The mass of products is the average value of a series samples tested repeatedly.
As can be seen from the data in the Tab.1, the losing mass of conventional processing is remarkably larger than that of microwave methods.