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Nevertheless, the previous studies 1-10 have largely considered the key soft-tissues such as ligament, cartilage and menisci as isotropic linear elastic materials, to balance model accuracy and computational cost.
Materials and Methods Finite element modelling.
Journal of Biomechanics 2010;43(10):2039-42
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 2005;37(11):1924-30
Journal of Biomechanics 1999;32(10):1037-47

Li: Journal of Zhengzhou University (Engineering Science).
Journal of Hefei University of Technology (Natural Science Edition). 30 (2007), p. 1178 [4] S.L.
Cao: Journal of Henan University of Science and Technology (Natural Science Edition).
Xu: New Building Materials. 35 (2008), p. 175 [9] P.K.
Guo: Journal of Jilin University (Engineering Science). 42 (2012), p. 63 [13] S.G.

Research and Development of Micro-Nano Sized Tungstate on Morphology Control LIU Ling a, TANG Liyongb, SHEN Bingbingc, ZHOU Chang, CHEN Qiantin School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China anum-one@163.com, 18796080761,bliyongtang@ujs.edu.cn,cshenbbin@163.com Keywords: tungstate materials, synthesize, shape control, properties Abstract: The synthetic methods with tailored morphology of micro-nano sized tungstate materials and with rare earths dopped were summarized, as well as the effect factors of morphology control.
The future works on the tungstate materials were discussed.
Introduction As well-known self-activated phosphor materials, the tungstate materials play important roles in photoelectric materials such as fluorescence and laser.
Sole, et al., Ln3+: KLu (WO4)2/KLu (WO4)2 epitaxial layers:Crystal growth and physical characterization, Materials Science and Engineering, 146 (2008) 59–65
Materials Letters, 62(2008) 081-3083

The Study on Building Materials’ Optimization Based on Fuzzy Technology Liwen You Vocational and Technical College, University of Science and Technology Liaoning youliwen23423@163.com Keywords: Fuzzy technology; optimization; building materials Abstract.
Finally, a building materials optimization scheme is put forward a kind of fast, reliable program completion, it is never seen evaluation building materials.
It’s scarcely used in optimization of building materials, so we added a process as the lower part in the Fig.1.
Through investigation and analysis, data collection, combined with qualitative analysis in the effect of building materials for building a village, a new village economic evaluation of building materials is established, which contains 3 levels and 14 representativeness indexes (Fig.2).
Conclusion Three indexes with 14 sub-indexes have been used for assessing three different building materials.

Therefore, we can take great advantage of both hemp and polyester when using hemp polyester blended materials to prepare stitch shoes linings [2].
Experimental Materials and equipments.
In Chinese [2] Y.K.Zhang, J.C.Zhang and H.Zhang: Journal of 7rextile Research.Vol.28(2007),p.12-15．In Chinese [3] J.Q.Dai and S.X.Du: Leather Science and Engineering.Vol.17(2007),p.66-68.
In Chinese [6] M.W.Shi, Y.N.Chen and M.Yao: Journal of Northwest Institute of Textile Science and Technology.Vol.15(2001),p.15-23.
AUTEX Research Journal, 7(2), 100–110

The present paper comprehensively reviews non contact nondestructive testing (NDT) methods in use around the world for the solid materials.
(4) This kind of detection is only applicable to metal materials.
The laser ultrasonic detection technology has been applied very well in metal, composite materials and pottery.
However, ultrasonic detection frequency is relatively low and only suitable for detecting part of the materials.
[11] Zhao Y, Jia Z Q, Guo R, Ma J, Song J F, Sun J H, Liu S, A novel laser-EMAT system for noncontact testing metal materials, Applied Mechanics and Materials. 281(2013), p. 422-425

Modeling and Control with Hysteresis of Piezoelectric Smart Materials Actuators Yanmei Liu 1, a, Zhen Chen2, b, Xuezheng Zhuang 1,c , Zhaohui Liu 1,d 1 Department of Automation, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China 2 Liaoning province transmission and substation engineering company, Shenyang 110021, China alymcml@126.com, bchenzhensy@126.com, clymlczlymlcz@163.com,ddsbcz@126.com Keywords: Piezoelectric smart materials, Hysteresis, Inversion Model, Adaptive control.
Hysteresis hinders the effective use of piezoelectric smart materials in sensors and actuators.
Introduction Ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) as a piezoelectric smart materials is discovered by Oguro and his co-workers [1].
However like other smart materials, IPMC as a sort of piezoelectric actuator has the disadvantage of hysteresis behaviors [2].
Atherton, "Theory of ferromagnetic hysteresis:' Journal of Mognetism and Magnetic Material, 1986,Vol.61, pp.48–60.

The focus of this study is to compare the experimental measured thermal behavior of traditional and waste materials in residential buildings with simulation results.
It means that waste materials in southern walls could decrease 0.9% to 4.1% of indoor temperature compared with traditional materials.
This validation is considered an initial step to study the effect of using waste materials in the residential buildings envelope, which is applied in walls brick [[] Senthil Kumar, Study of Properties of Geopolymer Eco Bricks, Journal of Civil Engineering 5 (2015), pp. 139-148. ,[] Aeslina Abdul Kadir, Noor Amira Sarani, An Overview of Wastes Recycling in Fired Clay Bricks, International Journal of Integrated Engineering 4 (2012) pp. 53-69. ], and is also considered as a method to improve energy efficiency instead of using traditional materials.
To simulate the thermal conditions, the materials were defined in Design Builder as the same materials implemented in the experimental model, Fig. 3 shows the section of rooms elements in Design Builder a) The walls section of room0 (RO), b) The southern wall section of room1 (R1), c) the roof section of room0 (R0) and room1 (R1).
It is concluded that Design-Builder is a suitable simulation software to predict indoor temperature, which is depending on accurate input data for building such as the used materials U value and type of ventilation.

Low-cost alternative adsorbents to conventional adsorbents refer to those materials with high to moderate adsorption capacity obtained from natural materials at very low or no cost.
These materials can be made of plant or non-plant based (Fig. 3).
Journal of Cotton Science, 11 (2007) 141-153
Shanthakumar, (2015), Efficacy of Moringa Oleifera and Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean) as coagulants for removal of congo red dye from aqueous solution, Journal of Materials and Environmental Science. 6(6) (2015) 1672-1677
Development of nanoporous textile sludge based adsorbent for dye removal for industrial textile effluent, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 422 (2022) 126864

Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society. 1994, 23 (2) : 173-179
Beijing: science press, 2002
Study of the Hydration Process of Cement-based Materials by AC Impedance Technique[J].
Journal of Building Materials. 2000, 3(2):109-112
Journal of Building Materials.1988, 1(1):30-35.