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CFD Investigation into Internal Flows of PEM Fuel Cell for Optimal Performances Zhijun Penga and Pattarapong Choopanyab School of Engineering and Informatics, University of Sussex, United Kingdom az.peng@sussex.ac.uk, bp.choopanya@sussex.ac.uk Keywords: PEM fuel cell, CFD simulation, internal flow field.
The simulation results show that a parallel flow-field design with appropriate humidity level can compete with the serpentine counterpart and gives considerably lower pressure drop across the cell.
The 3-dimensional, multi-phase models of scaled-down straight parallel and serpentine types PEMFC are developed based on a commercial CFD code to study and compare their steady-state performance.
The simulation results show that a parallel flow-field design with appropriate humidity level can compete with the serpentine counterpart and gives considerably lower pressure drop across the cell.
[6] Dawes JE, et al., Three-dimensional CFD modelling of PEM fuel cells: An investigation into the effects of water flooding, Chemical Engineering Science 64 (2009), 2781-2794

ASME nozzle CFD model is defined with triangular mesh.
Fig. 3 gives the comparison about contours of Mach number between full CFD model and internal only CFD model.
Fig. 5 Comparison between CFD results and ASME nozzle test data 4.
Internal only CFD model and supersonic outflow boundary can reduce CFD model while providing accurate choked flow solution.
Numerical simulation of dynamic stall using upwind methods and RNG turbulence models．AIAA98-0419 (1998)

With the sustainable development of computer and CFD, numerical methods have become an important means for product design.
Fig.1 Geometric model Numerical simulation methods Turbulence models.
Numerical simulation of effect of inlet configuration on square cyclone separator performance[J].
CFD–DEM simulation of the gas–solid flow in a cyclone separator[J].
CFD parallel computing and load balancing research using multi-block structured grids[J].

Simulation of Liquid Flowing over Surfaces with Micro- structure Zhijun Xi1, a, Gang Li1, b,* 1School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xinyu University, Xinyu 338004, China 2School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China axyxzj2000@163.com, bligang0794@163.com * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed Key words: Simulations, Slip velocity, Drag reduction, Pressure drop Abstract: The exist shear-free air-water interface at the fluid-solid houndary is one important reason for drag reduction of ultrahydrophobic surface.
Rectangular microchannel flows with various periodic micro-structured wall by introducing velocity slip boundary condition at low Reynolds number is investigated through computational fluid dynamics simulations(CFD).
This paper will simulate numerically the shear-free slip mechanism of periodic micro-structured wall through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in the slip boundary condition.
Grid is of geometrical expressed form of CFD model, and also media of simulation and analysis.
Fig.4 Pressure drop vs. slip velocity Fig.5 Pressure drop vs. flow velocity Conclusion A carefully designed set of numerical models with CFD method have been shown that drag reduction in microchannels is possible when the walls of the microchannel are designed with well-defined periodic microstructure.

Table 4 Equations of Two-dimensional CFD model [20].
Table 5 Summarized of Membrane Reactor Modeling and Simulation Studies.
CFD Computational fluid dynamics Pd palladium MR Membrane reactor SCR Steam to carbon ratio References [1] S.
Bian et al., "CFD simulation of a hydrogen-permeable membrane reactor for CO2 reforming of CH4: the interplay of the reaction and hydrogen permeation," Energy & Fuels, vol. 34, no. 10, pp. 12366-12378, 2020
Lim, "CFD simulation of methane steam reforming in a membrane reactor: Performance characteristics over range of operating window," International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 46, no. 59, pp. 30402-30411, 2021

Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation.
In the present study CFD simulation with delayed detached eddy simulation (DDES) are performed to investigate an open cavity at Mach 0.85.
The cavity flow field and acoustic sources are simulated using CFD method based on DDES with results compared with experimental data.
When we turn this standard S-A model to a hybrid RANS/LES form which is called Detached Eddy Simulation (DES), in Eq. (2) will be replaced by
Ashworth: Weapon Bay Aerodynamics-Wind-Tunnel Trials and CFD Modelling by QinetiQ UK.

Point exhaust system of side direction .CFD.
This article using CFD software Ansys Fluent to establish three-dimensional numerical model, with CO as tracer gas to analyze influence smoke exhaust efficiency with different shape of smoke dampers.
Fig.4 Model of fire simulation case with one group smoke damper opened(one group one role) Fig.5 Model of fire simulation case with one groups smoke dampers opened(one group four roles) Evaluation index of smoke exhaust effect Exhaust amount of CO through smoke damper Through the analysis of the amount of CO through smoke damper and CO concentration can compare smoke exhaust efficiency of different smoke damper shape.
The above data can be obtained through CFD software post-processing function.
[6] Chi-Ji Lin, Yew Khoy Chuah: A study on long tunnel smoke extraction strategies by numerical simulation,Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 23 (2008) 522–530[J]

The method was applied in a modeled densely urban domain, and CFD simulations were conducted to obtain the wind pressure distribution on the building surfaces.
, (6) where p1 and p2 can be derived from the CFD numerical simulations in the specified domain.
Numerical simulations CFD simulations for wind environments in urban areas are performed using Ansys Fluent 12.
The CFD simulation domain is designed as a densely built-up area.
CFD simulation domain.

Performance Optimization of Building Integrated-Mounted Wind Turbine Marco Milanesea, Arturo de Risib and Domenico Laforgiac Full Department of Engineering for Innovation - University of Salento - Via per Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy amarco.milanese@unisalento.it, barturo.derisi@unisalento.it, cdomenico.laforgia@unisalento.it Keywords: Wind Turbine, Taguchi method, ANOVA, CFD simulations.
Simulation model Geometrical model.
Several studies have used computational fluid-dynamics (CFD) methods to model wind flow around buildings by solving mass and momentum conservation equations [4].
This fact is a clear indication that even for very stable wind direction as it is the case for the CFD simulations, to exploit best the potential energy increase due to speed-up factor the turbine hub has to be located as far as possible from high turbulence regions.
Conclusions In the present work, CFD simulations coupled with the Taguchi method and the ANOVA techniques, allowed to identify the following guidelines for micrositing of BUWT.

Numerical modeling, particularly the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)simulation has been shown as the more cost-effective approach than experimental measurements to facilitate the investigation into these complex in-cylinder processes.
It is important that further improvement and refinement are made to the reduction techniques to cope with larger mechanisms in line with the current trend of development in this area for successful CFD simulations.
CFD Simulation Here, OpenFOAM software package was utilized to study the spray combustion phenomena within a constant-volume bomb.
The operating conditions applied in the simulation are demonstrated in Table 2.
Table 2.Operating conditions applied in the simulation [11].