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Online since: October 2012
Authors: Ron Chen, Hsi Chi Yang
In this research, the Delphi and AHP questionnaires were conducted with a panel of 20 senior architects and professionals in green architecture.
Permeable lot: Design the lot such that the built environment, not including area under roof, is permeable or designed to capture water runoff for infiltration on site. 2.
Water conservation: Minimize indoor demand for water through water-efficient fixtures and fittings.
Offset central water supply through the capture and controlled reuse of rainwater. 4.
Water heating: Reduce energy consumption associated with the domestic hot water system, including improving efficiency of both the hot water system design and layout of the fixtures in the home.
Permeable lot: Design the lot such that the built environment, not including area under roof, is permeable or designed to capture water runoff for infiltration on site. 2.
Water conservation: Minimize indoor demand for water through water-efficient fixtures and fittings.
Offset central water supply through the capture and controlled reuse of rainwater. 4.
Water heating: Reduce energy consumption associated with the domestic hot water system, including improving efficiency of both the hot water system design and layout of the fixtures in the home.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Ling Yan, Qiong Sun
In the case of the same total amount, the more engineering projects bid sections , the lower accepted contract price of the bidding tenders division, by contrast with that is the higher total tender agent fees.
2.2 The relationship of tenders division and supervision fee
In accordance with, commissioned supervision fee CJ can be calculated as follows (Unit: Ten Thousand, ¥)
(5)
In formula:
a―a is on behalf of the professional adjustment factor;
b―b is on behalf of the engineering complexity of the adjustment factor;
γ―γis on behalf of elevation adjustment factor.
Under the premise in compliance with the law, Equation (8) can give the most economical tenders division. 4 Case Studies 4.1 Case Background A large water supply project is located in northern China, the project contains artificial channel A1, whose design estimate is 64,151,000 yuan, water supply pumping station A2, whose design estimates is 47,624,000 yuan, the U-shaped Aqueduct A3, whose design estimates is 51,809,000 yuan, the two holes culvert A4 whose design estimates is 93,909,000 yuan.
(1) Tender agent fees: (2) Appointment of Supervisor fee: According to the Project, in accordance with the:
a―a is on behalf of the professional adjustment factor, a = 0.9;
b―b is on behalf of the engineering complexity of the adjustment factor, b = 0.85;
γ―γis on behalf of elevation adjustment factor, γ= 1.0
Under the premise in compliance with the law, Equation (8) can give the most economical tenders division. 4 Case Studies 4.1 Case Background A large water supply project is located in northern China, the project contains artificial channel A1, whose design estimate is 64,151,000 yuan, water supply pumping station A2, whose design estimates is 47,624,000 yuan, the U-shaped Aqueduct A3, whose design estimates is 51,809,000 yuan, the two holes culvert A4 whose design estimates is 93,909,000 yuan.
(1) Tender agent fees: (2) Appointment of Supervisor fee: According to the Project, in accordance with the
Online since: July 2015
Authors: Md. Asrul Nasid Masrom, Riduan Yunus, Mohd Hilmi Izwan Abd Rahim, Sulzakimin Mohamed
Large infrastructure is the basic physical systems of a business or nation such as transportation, communication, sewage, water and electric systems.
The implementation of large infrastructure requires a high design knowledge and technical skills, competent human resources, professional managerial capabilities and large scale of investment [6] [7] [8].
Details of Respondents Respondent Position Background Experience Type of Project R1 Assistant Director Masters in Civil Engineering 20 Years University R2 Assistant Director Degree in Civil Engineering 18 Years University R3 Civil Engineer Degree in Civil Engineering 10 Years Building R4 Civil Engineer Masters in Civil Engineering 10 Years Water front R5 Engineer Degree in Civil Engineering 5 Years Residential R6 Project Engineer Professional Engineer (Ir) 17 Years University R7 Civil Engineer Degree in Civil Engineering 6 Years Electric Power Station R8 Project Engineer Degree in Civil Engineering 11 Years Road Construction R9 Project Engineer Degree in Civil Engineering 13 Years Road Construction R10 Civil Engineer Degree in Civil Engineering 6 Years Residential Data collected from interview was analyzed using content analysis.
The implementation of large infrastructure requires a high design knowledge and technical skills, competent human resources, professional managerial capabilities and large scale of investment [6] [7] [8].
Details of Respondents Respondent Position Background Experience Type of Project R1 Assistant Director Masters in Civil Engineering 20 Years University R2 Assistant Director Degree in Civil Engineering 18 Years University R3 Civil Engineer Degree in Civil Engineering 10 Years Building R4 Civil Engineer Masters in Civil Engineering 10 Years Water front R5 Engineer Degree in Civil Engineering 5 Years Residential R6 Project Engineer Professional Engineer (Ir) 17 Years University R7 Civil Engineer Degree in Civil Engineering 6 Years Electric Power Station R8 Project Engineer Degree in Civil Engineering 11 Years Road Construction R9 Project Engineer Degree in Civil Engineering 13 Years Road Construction R10 Civil Engineer Degree in Civil Engineering 6 Years Residential Data collected from interview was analyzed using content analysis.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Qing Lin Yi, Shu Qiang Lu, Wu Yi
Especially after April 2007, the deformation of landslides is accelerating trend with the decline of the water level and increased rainfall.
Especially after April 2007, the deformation of landslides is accelerating trend with the decline of the water level and increased rainfall.
We use professional precision measuring equipment, such as GPS, borehole inclinometer, groundwater dynamics automatically monitor, and monitored landslide surface deformation, deep deformation, groundwater levels, as well as internal thrust, receive the important parameters.
But when the landslide entered the accelerated phase, the time of professional monitoring is generally longer, and the difficulty of monitoring is obviously increased.
Especially after April 2007, the deformation of landslides is accelerating trend with the decline of the water level and increased rainfall.
We use professional precision measuring equipment, such as GPS, borehole inclinometer, groundwater dynamics automatically monitor, and monitored landslide surface deformation, deep deformation, groundwater levels, as well as internal thrust, receive the important parameters.
But when the landslide entered the accelerated phase, the time of professional monitoring is generally longer, and the difficulty of monitoring is obviously increased.
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Lu Ma, Peng Fei Wang, Shu Jiang, Lin Lin Cheng, Jun Tao Ren
According to statistics, pressure coal amounted to 1.3764×1010 tons under buildings, railways and water bodies, of which coal under buildings accounts for 50%, while 66% of the buildings on coal under the village [3].
Although coal village relocation involves land acquisition, land planning, land reclamation, and many other land issues, the study from scholars on the research of land boundary is slim, and there is no Doctor and Master of land professional writing the dissertation.
Zhang Wentao combined with a specific mining area to study ultra-high water filling mining technology, and to describe the specific process [18-19].
[5] Li G L: The international association of mine surveying, chairman of the secretariat, mine surveying association of professional committee of the sixth international. 2006.
[37] Y L N,Zh Ch J,L J H: China Mine surveying professional committee of coal society. 2010.04
Although coal village relocation involves land acquisition, land planning, land reclamation, and many other land issues, the study from scholars on the research of land boundary is slim, and there is no Doctor and Master of land professional writing the dissertation.
Zhang Wentao combined with a specific mining area to study ultra-high water filling mining technology, and to describe the specific process [18-19].
[5] Li G L: The international association of mine surveying, chairman of the secretariat, mine surveying association of professional committee of the sixth international. 2006.
[37] Y L N,Zh Ch J,L J H: China Mine surveying professional committee of coal society. 2010.04
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Bo Yang, Qiang Lin Wei, Yi Bao Liu, He Xi Wu
The study establishes the pressurized water reactor model by MCNP program firstly, and calculates the dioxide pellets, zirconium alloy cladding and moderator’s neutron flux density distribution.
Pressurized water reactor is the world's first reactor type and the world's most widely Reactor type.
In China, Qinshan Phase III nuclear power plant uses Canada CANDU6 heavy water reactor, the rest are use pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants.
In this paper, it establishes the pressurized water reactor model by MCNP program.
Pressurized water reactor is composed of reactor pressure vessel, reactor core, reactor control rod drive mechanism and other parts.
Pressurized water reactor is the world's first reactor type and the world's most widely Reactor type.
In China, Qinshan Phase III nuclear power plant uses Canada CANDU6 heavy water reactor, the rest are use pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants.
In this paper, it establishes the pressurized water reactor model by MCNP program.
Pressurized water reactor is composed of reactor pressure vessel, reactor core, reactor control rod drive mechanism and other parts.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Kun Hu, Yong Cun Guo, Gang Cheng, Peng Yu Wang
And then low-temperature water are injected into the production wells, heat exchange through seepage, convert low-temperature water into a high temperature and pressure of supercritical fluid, which will be extracted from the production wells supercritical fluid to the ground.
The cooling water are injected to the heat exchange system underground again by the high-pressure pump for recycle.
In 2009, China Energy Research Society geothermal Professional Committee and China Geological Environmental Monitoring Institute conducted field visits the use of HDR development in the Cooper Basin, Australia.
Therefore without the need for artificial high pressure, water flow can exchange via fault.
Through the water cycle test, we obtain heat exchange system parameters.
The cooling water are injected to the heat exchange system underground again by the high-pressure pump for recycle.
In 2009, China Energy Research Society geothermal Professional Committee and China Geological Environmental Monitoring Institute conducted field visits the use of HDR development in the Cooper Basin, Australia.
Therefore without the need for artificial high pressure, water flow can exchange via fault.
Through the water cycle test, we obtain heat exchange system parameters.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Ying Min Li, Li Ping Liu, Gui Zhen Wang
(a)Rolling Stones and collapse caused road damage in Beichuan County (b)Landslide buried a road in Beichuan County
Fig.4 Damage of road
Water, oil, gas supply system
In Wenchuan earthquake, due to hit power failures, damage of electrical and mechanical equipment, building (structures) damage, damage to pipelines, water supply hit most cities can not be normal.
The transfer of the affected people and resettlement are: quickly after the earthquake, landslide and debris flow risk areas in the 11 thousand people were moved to safe areas; To avoid Tangjiashan barrier lake burst, the quake lake downstream of 270,000 people transfer; emergency release 1.26 million tents, set up activities in more than 70 million board room for placement more than 1400 million people in disaster areas; Seismic experts on emergency assessment and safety assessment, safety, better housing quickly restore its function, give priority to urban services; on each of the affected people on a daily basis for food and money grants, focusing on the elderly according to Gu Sangu; in addressing the disaster areas "have clean water to drink" issue, the emergency repair the damaged water supply facilities, the new centralized water supply emergency project.
Strict implementation of major infectious diseases and public health emergencies on the report to strengthen surveillance; for focus groups, key areas and key diseases, health and epidemic prevention work effectively implement the key measures to enhance hit water monitoring, testing, disinfection work, and continue to strengthen supervision of food and drinking water hygiene and safety.
Exclude dangerous dam, quake lake and others firmly Land resources, water resources, construction, environmental protection system in conjunction with disaster aid Sichuan team of experts have conducted in the affected areas to troubleshoot, professional monitoring, large-scale Danger, including: the dangerous geological hazards hidden points of the emergency procedures; the 1996 earthquake damaged 706 reservoirs and embankments damaged earthquake emergency Danger; on more than 1100 million square meters of various types of housing and large public facilities for risk assessment to identify and reinforcement; timely investigation and remediation business security risks ; on the affected areas to carry out emergency water environment safety monitoring; completed the other 18 tasks for risk quake lake.
Japan, South Korea, Russia, Singapore and other countries of the rescue team to earthquake-stricken areas are first-line, a professional rescue.
The transfer of the affected people and resettlement are: quickly after the earthquake, landslide and debris flow risk areas in the 11 thousand people were moved to safe areas; To avoid Tangjiashan barrier lake burst, the quake lake downstream of 270,000 people transfer; emergency release 1.26 million tents, set up activities in more than 70 million board room for placement more than 1400 million people in disaster areas; Seismic experts on emergency assessment and safety assessment, safety, better housing quickly restore its function, give priority to urban services; on each of the affected people on a daily basis for food and money grants, focusing on the elderly according to Gu Sangu; in addressing the disaster areas "have clean water to drink" issue, the emergency repair the damaged water supply facilities, the new centralized water supply emergency project.
Strict implementation of major infectious diseases and public health emergencies on the report to strengthen surveillance; for focus groups, key areas and key diseases, health and epidemic prevention work effectively implement the key measures to enhance hit water monitoring, testing, disinfection work, and continue to strengthen supervision of food and drinking water hygiene and safety.
Exclude dangerous dam, quake lake and others firmly Land resources, water resources, construction, environmental protection system in conjunction with disaster aid Sichuan team of experts have conducted in the affected areas to troubleshoot, professional monitoring, large-scale Danger, including: the dangerous geological hazards hidden points of the emergency procedures; the 1996 earthquake damaged 706 reservoirs and embankments damaged earthquake emergency Danger; on more than 1100 million square meters of various types of housing and large public facilities for risk assessment to identify and reinforcement; timely investigation and remediation business security risks ; on the affected areas to carry out emergency water environment safety monitoring; completed the other 18 tasks for risk quake lake.
Japan, South Korea, Russia, Singapore and other countries of the rescue team to earthquake-stricken areas are first-line, a professional rescue.
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Li Hong Kong, Qian Min Su
(a) Squib analysis data model (b) Associated stop point
Fig. 3 Schematic of squib analysis algorithms
Squib Analysis Applied to City Water Pipe
According to a city water pipe network, the squib analysis test is performed.
Location information is stored only for network, related valves, water meters in the GIS system.
Meanwhile the water pipe network system of a city is taken as the experimental data.
The squib analysis of water pipe is successfully realized.
Acknowledgment This work was supported by the professional disciplines construction project (Grant NO.XKCZ1212) for Shanghai University of Engineering Science.
Location information is stored only for network, related valves, water meters in the GIS system.
Meanwhile the water pipe network system of a city is taken as the experimental data.
The squib analysis of water pipe is successfully realized.
Acknowledgment This work was supported by the professional disciplines construction project (Grant NO.XKCZ1212) for Shanghai University of Engineering Science.
Online since: January 2011
Authors: Qing Qi Guo, Na Zhang
Choose pumpkin as raw material for processing, wash it with tap water to the dirt, and the gap with a brush to scrub clean.
Adding different amount of pumpkin powder, the results of water absorption and formation time of the dough were shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 The water absorption of flour and the formation time of the dough Figure 1 was shown that, with the amount of pumpkin powder increased, the water absorption of flour was decreased, in addition level range of 0 to 5% of the water absorption decreased with the less obvious, but with the amount of pumpkin flour continue to increase, decrease water absorption speed, when the addition level of 7% pumpkin powder, the dough's water absorption of only 59.2%, lower than the control (high-gluten flour) and water absorption.
Conclusions On the nutritional value of homemade pumpkin powder, testing, results showed that the pumpkin powder with water 3.90g/100g, ash 4.30g/100g, fat 4.09g/100g, crude fiber 21.06g/100g, protein 3.50g/100g, carbon and water compounds 63.73g/100g, calcium 301.57mg/100g, iron 16.95 mg/100g, Phosphorus 223.95 mg/100g, the pumpkin powder is low fat, high dietary fiber, high calcium foods.
London; Weinheim: Blackie Academic & Professional, (1998)
Adding different amount of pumpkin powder, the results of water absorption and formation time of the dough were shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 The water absorption of flour and the formation time of the dough Figure 1 was shown that, with the amount of pumpkin powder increased, the water absorption of flour was decreased, in addition level range of 0 to 5% of the water absorption decreased with the less obvious, but with the amount of pumpkin flour continue to increase, decrease water absorption speed, when the addition level of 7% pumpkin powder, the dough's water absorption of only 59.2%, lower than the control (high-gluten flour) and water absorption.
Conclusions On the nutritional value of homemade pumpkin powder, testing, results showed that the pumpkin powder with water 3.90g/100g, ash 4.30g/100g, fat 4.09g/100g, crude fiber 21.06g/100g, protein 3.50g/100g, carbon and water compounds 63.73g/100g, calcium 301.57mg/100g, iron 16.95 mg/100g, Phosphorus 223.95 mg/100g, the pumpkin powder is low fat, high dietary fiber, high calcium foods.
London; Weinheim: Blackie Academic & Professional, (1998)