Search results

In [1], tube spinnability has been defined as the maximum thickness reduction reached by flowforming before failure.
Results Maximum thickness reduction.
In this table, the last value of each column is the attended wall thickness reduction of the tube, leading to failure of the corresponding specimen.
Table 1: Thickness reduction ratio of each specimen at the different flowforming passes, depending on the initial geometry and the feed-by-revolution.
It has been evidenced that the higher the feed-by-revolution is, the lower damage increases, leading to larger attainable reduction ratio.

This test cycle was repeated 5 times to investigate the effect of sulphate attack on the weight loss and compressive strength reduction.
A total of three cylinders were tested for each data.
It can be seen that the weight loss and compressive strength reduction of OPC concrete increased by 2.5% and 20.18%, respectively, which is consistent with the previous study.
However, there have slight decreases in the weight loss and compressive strength reduction for AAFS concrete excluding 100% fly ash-based concrete specimens without slag.
However, no obvious regular trends were observed in the weight loss and compressive strength reduction of AAFS concrete specimens.

As regards the high operating frequency, a well-known technique relies on the reduction of the gate length Lg and to improve the 2DEG confinement.
As a result, any decrease of the metallurgic gate length must be in accordance with the reduction of the distance d between the gate and the 2DEG.
For example, for tAl0.29Ga0.71N = 14 nm, the reduction of the cap thickness from 3 nm to 0.5 nm increases the 2DEG density from 7.9x1012 cm-2 to 1.0x1013 cm-2 respectively.
Figure 2 illustrates the Ns simulation compared to the experimental data for which the structures were grown on GaN-on-sapphire template (Fig. 2(a)) and on silicon substrate (Fig. 2(b)).
Finally, the AlGaN barrier thickness reduction down to 10 nm seems more challenging than its replacement with a 5 nm thick AlN barrier, but future investigations require improvement of the electron mobility.

Contemporary Thermoelastic Stress Analysis (TSA, thermoelasticity) can record full-field data information.
Fewer coefficients can reduce the amount of measured data required.
Pixel spacing is 0.46 mm and measured TSA data were averaged over all four quadrants.
Data Reduction Coefficients of Eqs. (1) through (4) were obtained from TSA measured values of S (S = S*/K) at many locations throughout the recorded region of Fig. 1.
values (i.e., c0, bn, dn), and d is the vector set of m data values of S.

By comparing data of simulation and experiment on chip morphology characters, it is indicated that they are in good accordance.
c is the critical strain value of adiabatic shear occurrence， p and h the corresponding peak value of strain and stress in the flow stress curve， s the reduction stress value under adiabatic shear, n1, n2, k1, k2 the workpiece material constants.
Table 2 compares the simulation and experimental data of related serrated chip parameters.
It is learned from the comparison of simulation and experimental data of chip character parameters in Table 2 that the error of simulation and experimental data is about 10%.
(2) The error of simulation and experimental data of serrated chip morphology characters is about 10%, which indicates that simulation results are in good accord with experimental data

The research provides the basis for fine evaluation of complex lithology profile by using the well logging data.
The numerical reading of compensated neutron logging is the response of the content of hydrogen which is the main reduction material in rock, the difference between mineral component shows different character of neutrons reduction.

The method was developed for quantitative estimation of inputs to plastic deformation of crystallographic and non-crystallographic modes of slip by data of X-ray texture measurements.
The method rests on the X-ray texture analysis, and data of texture measurements are presented as manifestations of the local superplastic flow by the deformation treatment of Zr-based alloys.
The usual reason of such phenomenon consists either in too high strain hardening of these grains or in their size reduction.
Then the size reduction of grains proves to be the main reason for slip stoppage by interaction of dislocations, moving in slip planes, with grain boundaries.
Direct pole figures PF(0001)a with angular radius up to 80o were constructed on the basis of experimental data.

The reduction of these positioning errors is investigated in this work, using the method of parameter identification for a single robotic arm.
These were performed at a frequency of 50 Hz, in order to reduce the amount of data in post processing.
By using this filter and averaging the continuous data, overshoots in the dynamic movements are ignored and the measurement noise (with an amplitude of about 0.01 mm) is averaged out.
The measured data was transformed to the robot coordinate system using MATLAB procedures.
Optimization procedure and mathematical model To fit the kinematic models to the measured data by optimizing the parameters defined in the kinematic models from section 0, a numerical optimization is performed.

Data collated for all experimental tests were evaluated for statistical significance using a one-way analysis of variance with p< 0.05 denoting significance.
Interestingly, no significant reduction (p-value=0.081) and (p-value=0.093) in compressive strength and compressive modulus was observed when 1 wt.% short bovine fibres were added to the cement.
This reduction in injectability could be due to the bovine fibres still being quite long, therefore reducing the patency of the syringe nozzle.
The reduction in setting time was possibly due to the hydrophilic nature of collagen, which thereby allows for an increased reaction and hardening of the cement system.
It is postulated that this reduction in compressive properties is due to an increase in porosity within the cement microstructure.

Literature [11] theoretically explored the use of historical data of user TOU price, and came up with user electricity price flexibility matrix method to measure the response of user TOU.
To carry out demand response not only focus on the reduction in peak load, but also when renewable energy generation in excess and conventional load consumption not enough, to reasonable mobilize user to use more power.
In China demand response must establish two goals: down load and load rise, to extend the concept of demand response which means to extend the unilateral reduction of power consumption to include the reduction of power consumption and increase the adjustment usage of power. 2.3 Three Means to Implement Demand Response.
From the implementation effect point of view, most users achieve electricity load reduction by adjusting usage.
In 2012, the Ministry of Finance, the National Development and Reform Commission promulgated the "DSM city comprehensive pilot of the central financial incentive funds Interim Measures for the Administration” proposed the temporary reduction of peak electricity load via demand response reward ￥100 per kilowatt.