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Online since: April 2016
Authors: Farida V. Nazipova, Ruslan R. Safin, Štefan Barcík, Radis Reshidovich Ziatdinov, Aigul Ravilevna Shaikhutdinova, Elena A. Beliakova, Pavel A. Kainov
Results Fig. 1 presents the data obtained during the extraction of substances by cooking of wood chips in distilled water with or without the use of ultrasonic treatment.
The obtained data are listed in Tables 1,2,3.
Analysis of the data shows that with the increasing of time and temperature of treatment of crushed wood the strength of the cement particle board also increases.
The reduction of temperature of treatment twice at the expense of reduction of losses of thermal energy allows not only compensating the cost of ultrasonic processing, but also reducing the cost of production by 7%.
Online since: August 2016
Authors: Joseph A. Grohowski, Jobe Piemme
Standard Element / Property ASTM F2885-11 ASTM F136-13 AMS4928-U AMS4985-F Industry Medical Medical Aerospace Aerospace Process MIM Wrought Wrought Cast Nitrogen [%] 0.05 max 0.05 max 0.05 max 0.05 max Carbon [%] 0.08 max 0.08 max 0.08 max 0.10 max Hydrogen [%] 0.015 max 0.012 max 0.015 max 0.015 max Iron [%] 0.30 max 0.25 max 0.30 max 0.30 max Oxygen [%] 0.20 max 0.13 max 0.20 max 0.20 max Aluminum [%] 5.5 – 6.75 5.5 – 6.5 5.5 – 6.75 5.5 – 6.75 Vanadium [%] 3.5 – 4.5 3.5 – 4.5 3.5 – 4.5 3.5 – 4.5 Yttrium [%] 0.005 N/A 0.005 0.005 Titanium* [%] Balance Balance Balance Balance Ultimate Tensile Strength [MPa] 900 min 860 min 931 min 896 min Yield Strength [MPa] 830 min 795 min 862 min 827 min Elongation [%] 10 min 10 min 10 min 6 min Reduction of Area [%] 15 min 25 min 25 min N/A Overcoming the challenges of TiMIM is critical when commercializing the technology.
Since then, data has been collected and process improvements made to improve the capability of both chemistry and mechanical performance of the TiMIM material.
Below in Figure 5 are the results of 84 furnace runs and the capability of the average data.
Initial process validation results proved that the capability met the requirements and the long term data supports the earlier findings.
Praxis TiMIM Tensile Properties Property ASTM F2885 Minimum Requirement Minimum Result Ppk Result UTS [MPa] 900 958.4 25.29 Yield [MPa] 830 839.8 1.6 Elongation [%] 10 18 3.2 Reduction in Area [%] 15 30 3.14 Component Suitability Material Grade 5 titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) is a choice material for medical, aerospace and high-end consumer applications due to the two material characteristics: biocompatibility and strength to weight ratio.
Online since: October 2008
Authors: Dermot Brabazon, Szilvia Eosoly, Stefan Lohfeld
The geometry is reconstructed layer-by-layer using a CO2 laser beam to sinter the layers according to the slice data.
As a result of particle coalescence, reduction in surface free energy is the main driving force for the sintering process [1].
Obtained data was analyzed in Matlab7.1 and surface roughness (Ra) was calculated.
Result data was expressed as mean±standard deviation.
Reduction in porosity within the designed solid regions for parts with smaller feature sizes is the result of higher energy density being delivered to a given surface area due the more frequent outline scans.
Online since: June 2016
Authors: Atthakorn Thongtha, Somchai Maneewan, Paisit Luangjok
PV concentrator systems can increase the solar radiation intensity on the photovoltaic cells, decrease area of photovoltaic cells required which lead to a reduction in total system cost, if the cost of the concentrator is less than that of the area of photovoltaic cells replaced [5-6].
The five K-type thermocouples were connected to the data logger for recording the data every hour during the period of 6 am to 6 pm.
With an increase of the module temperature, phonons are excited due to the difficulty of the uniform movement of electrons and the reduction of efficiency of the module [9-10].
Fig. 4 Comparison of I–V and P–V curves with experimental data.
Online since: May 2012
Authors: Ming Chin Yeh, J. D. Lin, Po Hsun Sung, R. H. Shiu
It is challenging to get accurate data for the morphology and positions of air void phases of PAC.
Reconstruction The mutil-angel projection method is used to gathered the data from computed tomography scan and used the principle of image reconstruction to calculate the inside construction of the object. represents the point of the object in the function, and the Eq. 3 represents the actinism of the point that intercepts the function. t represents the distance from the original point to the actinism, and represents the included angle between the actinism and parallel line.
The gradation data was gathered and base on the gathered statistics, the prediction of the permeability of the mixture was possible.
The reduction of the void construction space or the amount of void will cause the performance of PAC to decrease drastically.
The reduction of the void construction space or the amount of void will cause the inability to perform proper function, and also the clogging of PAC.
Online since: December 2013
Authors: Ali Ourdjini, Saeed Farahany, T. Abubakar, Esah Hamzah, Nur Azmah Nordin
The temperature-time data were recorded using a high-speed data acquisition system (EPAD-TH8-K) linked to a computer with DEWESoft 7.05 at a dynamic rate of 100 Hz/ch, as shown in Fig. 1.
FlexPro8.0.31 data analysis software was used for smoothing the curves and plotting the cooling curve and first derivative curve for extracting the characteristics data.Samples for metallography were cut and prepared by standard grinding and polishing procedure.
It is clearly perceived that 0.4wt.% Bi is the best concentration to be added to the composite in order to alter the morphology and obtained adequate refinement effect on the Mg2Si structure. 0.4wt.% Bi has resulted in the biggest reduction in size from 179.4 to 115.92 µm, about 35% reduction, similar to aspect ratio which also decreased from 1.2 to 1.08 by 10% and produced high density particles distribution, about 38 from 12 particles per unit area in mm2.
Online since: June 2004
Authors: Vytautas Grivickas, Enn Velmre, Andres Udal
Fortunately, Kirsons' data [6] for different samples offer a possibility to estimate this doping-dependence of Sph at least for n-6H-SiC (see Fig.2).
Data correspond to the publications [3-5].
The µ meff -term explains also the close Sph values for p- and n-type materials (see Ge and Si data in Fig.1).
In the present preliminary study the doping dependent reductions of κ and Sph at doping levels close to the 1019 cm-3 as well as sample size dependent boundary scattering reductions at temperatures close and below 50K were omitted.
More experimental data and adequate material parameter models for wide temperature and doping density ranges are needed for a more detailed analysis of this problem.
Online since: October 2013
Authors: Xue Yi You, Shu Yi Yang, Chao Wang, Li Lin Wang, Chun Xue Zhang
Goss et al [4] developed a risk-based index for source water protection planning, which supports the reduction of pathogens from agricultural activity entering water resources.
The horizontal coordinate data are obtained by converting the geographic coordinate system into Beijing 54 geodetic coordinates systems.
The flow data were obtained from the monitoring data.
The flow data in June, 2012 was selected as the model of inflow and outflow.
Development of a risk-based index for source water protection planning, which supports the reduction of pathogens from agricultural activity entering water resources: Journal of Environmental Management Vol. 87 (2008), p.623-632 [5]Y.Y.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Seti Mariam Ayop, Kartini Kamaruddin, Aimi Munirah Jalilluddin
The sensors were connected to a multi-channelled data logger known as the Babuc A from LSI Italy and the data obtained were recorded.
The data obtained from the Babuc A data logger were then used to calculate the thermal conductivity of the material studied by using the general equation stated by Eq. 1.
There are various elements that can contribute to the reduction of thermal conductivity value including the type of materials used and the characteristics of the pore structures of the insulation material [12].
In the current study, inclusions of bast-typed kenaf fiber in sand-cement blocks were seen to influence the reduction of the thermal conductivity value.
Online since: February 2013
Authors: Jing Fu, Fa Yuan Wu, Lei Jing Wang, Xiao Lei Liu, Zhao Hui Yin, Zhi Ping Zhu, Feng Pei
By polarization curve researchers can get a lot of important parameters, such as tafel slope, corrosion current, cathodic reduction limiting current density and so on.
According to mixed potential theory, Li Cheng-bao [2]used intercept method for soil corrosion system which controlled by oxygen concentrated difference polarization.It calculated the instantaneous corrosion rate from steel electrode low polarization data of water saturated soil medium and first oxygen ionization reaction speed control or mixed control and then is oxygen diffusion control.
Using low polarization curve technique to deal with the polarization curve data become a new electrochemical method to study soil corrosion behavior.
Through the related software to make full use of the low polarization fitting data, it can accurately calculate relevant electrochemical parameters, and judge the corrosion control mechanism from the parameters.
Review in Experimentation and Data Processing of Soil Corrosion[J].Corrosion Science and Protection Technology,2003,15(3):154-160.
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