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Online since: November 2014
Authors: Yue Ling Zhao, Li Ma, Li Ying Cao, Gui Fen Chen
The research results show that the optimal partition number is 8 kinds of nutrient types.
The research results show that the optimal partition number is 8 kinds of nutrient types, as you can see from the table 2.
The research results show that the optimal partition number is 8 kinds of nutrient types, various types of ratio were 50%, 20%, 20%, 5%, 24%, 4%, 9%, 13% and 5% respectively.
The experts should increase the numbers of sampling and the scope of in future soil studies, and thinking about more influence soil fertility index to analyze.
Correlation of corn and soybean grain yield with topography and soil properties [J].
The research results show that the optimal partition number is 8 kinds of nutrient types, as you can see from the table 2.
The research results show that the optimal partition number is 8 kinds of nutrient types, various types of ratio were 50%, 20%, 20%, 5%, 24%, 4%, 9%, 13% and 5% respectively.
The experts should increase the numbers of sampling and the scope of in future soil studies, and thinking about more influence soil fertility index to analyze.
Correlation of corn and soybean grain yield with topography and soil properties [J].
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Yuan Hai Jiang
To ensure the normal production of the pipe pile, retest the Number 3 proportioning of the concrete and the results are showed in Table 4.
Because of the different production processes, the grain shape, the grain distribution and the stone dust content (the particles with fineness less than 0.08mm) of the stone chips are also obviously different.
Firstly, the stone chips doesn’t contain the porous weathering grains, so the water absorption of the stone chips is less than that of the natural sand, which reduces the water content of concrete.
Implementation of GB13476-1999 "pre-tensioned Prestressed Concrete Piles"should pay attention to a number of issues [J].
Because of the different production processes, the grain shape, the grain distribution and the stone dust content (the particles with fineness less than 0.08mm) of the stone chips are also obviously different.
Firstly, the stone chips doesn’t contain the porous weathering grains, so the water absorption of the stone chips is less than that of the natural sand, which reduces the water content of concrete.
Implementation of GB13476-1999 "pre-tensioned Prestressed Concrete Piles"should pay attention to a number of issues [J].
Online since: December 2010
Authors: Manisha Devi, Mukesh Kumar, A.M. Gaur
Introduction
There are a number of techniques used to prepare nano-materials.
Nano-materials have properties which depend inherently on the small grain size.
Nanotechnology is in the precompetitive stage which means its use is limited; nano particles are being used in a number of industries.
The nano sized grains resistivity is in general larger than that in poly crystalline materials in the case of electrical conductivity.
In future, in order to achieve regular structure/well defined grain boundaries, the sample will be sintered at different temperature from different time duration.
Nano-materials have properties which depend inherently on the small grain size.
Nanotechnology is in the precompetitive stage which means its use is limited; nano particles are being used in a number of industries.
The nano sized grains resistivity is in general larger than that in poly crystalline materials in the case of electrical conductivity.
In future, in order to achieve regular structure/well defined grain boundaries, the sample will be sintered at different temperature from different time duration.
Online since: August 2014
Authors: Yuichi Tadano, Naoki Kuwashiro, Seiya Hagihara
Although the behavior of each crystal grain might be well described by the crystal plasticity theory, relevant methods of evaluating the average response of a polycrystalline aggregate are still an issue.
As for FCC metals, several studies on forming limit have employed a Taylor-type approach as a simplified homogenization method, which assumes that all grains undergo the same deformation history (e.g. [2]).
In the framework of the conventional rate-form polycrystalline plasticity, it is assumed that the velocity gradient tensor can be decomposed into the elastic and the plastic portions additively; , (1) . (2) The superscript indicates a specific slip system and is the number of slip systems.
A number of crystal grains is fixed to 512, and all material parameters are the same as the previous study [3,4].
As for FCC metals, several studies on forming limit have employed a Taylor-type approach as a simplified homogenization method, which assumes that all grains undergo the same deformation history (e.g. [2]).
In the framework of the conventional rate-form polycrystalline plasticity, it is assumed that the velocity gradient tensor can be decomposed into the elastic and the plastic portions additively; , (1) . (2) The superscript indicates a specific slip system and is the number of slip systems.
A number of crystal grains is fixed to 512, and all material parameters are the same as the previous study [3,4].
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Xiang Zhong Jin, Hong Yang Wang, Ning Wang, Xiao Guang Lan, Shu Li
Introduction
Modelling of solute field plays an important role in achieving predictions of the solute segregation, the morphological stability of solid-liquid interface, the migration velocities of grain boundary and phase interface, etc., in various models.
A number of theoretical frameworks have been developed to describe the solute trapping; these include sharp interface methods, phase field theories, and diffuse interface approaches with solute drag treatment.
A general model of solute drag on grain boundary and phase interface migration in binary alloys was proposed by Hillert and Sundman (H-S model) [1], based on the theoretical treatments of dilute solute drag on moving grain boundary.
(3) where is solute Peclet number and the function is defined by
A number of theoretical frameworks have been developed to describe the solute trapping; these include sharp interface methods, phase field theories, and diffuse interface approaches with solute drag treatment.
A general model of solute drag on grain boundary and phase interface migration in binary alloys was proposed by Hillert and Sundman (H-S model) [1], based on the theoretical treatments of dilute solute drag on moving grain boundary.
(3) where is solute Peclet number and the function is defined by
Online since: June 2012
Authors: Wen Ming Wang, Ji Xiang Gao, Wei Shao, Jie Li
No recrystallized grains are observed at this condition.
Element Wt% At% O 21.65 44.47 Al 18.06 22.00 Y 26.73 09.88 S 08.35 08.56 Ca 00.95 00.78 Mn 02.99 01.79 Fig.4 Inclusions in dimples and EDS analysis Discussions The combination strengthening of grain refinement, solid-solution and precipitation hardening[6] could be realized by appropriate alloying elements addition, large extent forge and suitable heat treatment to the tested steel.
Large numbers of dislocations are formed in tempered martensite after forging, quenching and low temperature tempering.
At the same time, merging of dislocations makes them less in number, which would reduce the interaction between dislocations and spot defects and reduce strength, as shown in Figure 1.
Brittle zone around 450˚C, caused by Cementite transformation and arraying of carbides along grain boundary, is also observed in this study.
Element Wt% At% O 21.65 44.47 Al 18.06 22.00 Y 26.73 09.88 S 08.35 08.56 Ca 00.95 00.78 Mn 02.99 01.79 Fig.4 Inclusions in dimples and EDS analysis Discussions The combination strengthening of grain refinement, solid-solution and precipitation hardening[6] could be realized by appropriate alloying elements addition, large extent forge and suitable heat treatment to the tested steel.
Large numbers of dislocations are formed in tempered martensite after forging, quenching and low temperature tempering.
At the same time, merging of dislocations makes them less in number, which would reduce the interaction between dislocations and spot defects and reduce strength, as shown in Figure 1.
Brittle zone around 450˚C, caused by Cementite transformation and arraying of carbides along grain boundary, is also observed in this study.
Online since: April 2013
Authors: N.A. Talib, M.B.A. Asmael, Rosli Ahmad
For a considerable number of castings, however, dimensions or design features automatically determine the best casting method, because metal molds weight from 10 to 100 times as much as the castings they are used in producing; most very large cast products are made as sand castings rather than as die or permanent mold castings.
Pouring temperature determines the cooling rate, nucleation, controls the size of formed grains during growth, the grain morphology and the distribution of alloying elements within the matrix [3, 4].
One specimen which had the same number of sample from each system is taken for microstructure analysis.
Based on Figure 2, the grain size can be seen clearly.
Pouring temperature determines the cooling rate, nucleation, controls the size of formed grains during growth, the grain morphology and the distribution of alloying elements within the matrix [3, 4].
One specimen which had the same number of sample from each system is taken for microstructure analysis.
Based on Figure 2, the grain size can be seen clearly.
Online since: May 2013
Authors: Azizah Hanom Ahmad, M.M. Mahat, A. Aziz
The conductivity decreased with further addition of MgI2due to ion aggregation, where Mg2+ associate together, hence the available number of charge carriers decreases [8].
Therefore, the number of mobile ions in the sample decreases and consequently reduces the conductivity.
The Al2O3 filler improved the conductivity by transient hydrogen bonding of migrating ionic species with O-OH groups at the filler grain surface.
At low weight % of filler, the grains are randomly and uniformly distributed throughout the volume, well separated.
By increasing the weight % of filler, the filler get closed enough to each other, the conducting regions within the vicinity of the grain surfaces become interconnected.
Therefore, the number of mobile ions in the sample decreases and consequently reduces the conductivity.
The Al2O3 filler improved the conductivity by transient hydrogen bonding of migrating ionic species with O-OH groups at the filler grain surface.
At low weight % of filler, the grains are randomly and uniformly distributed throughout the volume, well separated.
By increasing the weight % of filler, the filler get closed enough to each other, the conducting regions within the vicinity of the grain surfaces become interconnected.
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Xiao Dong Yang, Zhuo Juan Yang, You Quan Chen
As solidifying velocity very fast during laser processing the sample surface, increasing the number of surface nucleation, and grain growth rate is subject to certain restrictions, so it can make a significant grain refinement, formation of ultrafine grain tissue [4], the hardness higher than the degree of quenching can be achieved in room temperature, the high hardness of the surface of the tissue help to improve the wear resistance of the sample surface [5].At the same time, as there is a certain hardness difference between the matrix material and the concave unit bodies in sample surface hardness in the processing, which is equivalent to non-smooth surface is composed of a number of high hardness and low hardness zone which is soft hard alternate with, due to friction kinetic energy in the process of wear and friction heat in the low hardness zone change more easily absorbed by the flexible deformation energy, reduce friction, which, accordingly, makes it easier to slide between sliding
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Hong Ling Chen, Wen Duan Yan, Gui Qing Chen, Chao Zeng Cheng, Ze Chang Zou, Gao Sheng Fu
The grain size of casting ingots were determined quantificationally by metallography instrument (XJG-05).
The inclusion and grain microstructure of 3003 Al alloy Casting microstructure of 3003 Al alloy prepared by different melt-treatment is shown in Fig. 1.
The grain size and purificatory effect are listed in Table 1.
Inclusion content and grain size of 3003 Al alloy Melt-treatment processing WTC NTC HTC Inclusion content/% 0.6801 0.3616 0.0967 Removing inclusion rate/% − 46.8 85.8 Average grain size/μm 131 92 78 As can be seen from Fig. 1 and table 1, inclusion content and grain size of 3003 Al alloy prepared by WTC are the highest.
The reason is that the DRX procedure relates with time, deformation time shortens as the strain rate increases, which affects the number of DRX nucleation and grain growth rate because the occurrence and development of the dislocation moving and climb are insufficient.
The inclusion and grain microstructure of 3003 Al alloy Casting microstructure of 3003 Al alloy prepared by different melt-treatment is shown in Fig. 1.
The grain size and purificatory effect are listed in Table 1.
Inclusion content and grain size of 3003 Al alloy Melt-treatment processing WTC NTC HTC Inclusion content/% 0.6801 0.3616 0.0967 Removing inclusion rate/% − 46.8 85.8 Average grain size/μm 131 92 78 As can be seen from Fig. 1 and table 1, inclusion content and grain size of 3003 Al alloy prepared by WTC are the highest.
The reason is that the DRX procedure relates with time, deformation time shortens as the strain rate increases, which affects the number of DRX nucleation and grain growth rate because the occurrence and development of the dislocation moving and climb are insufficient.