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Online since: September 2019
Authors: Polina Bespalova, Maxim Mishin, Gennady Konstantinovich Baryshev, Anastasia Kondrateva
In the region below 200 mV, in the course of studying the reverse branch of cyclovoltametric curves, gaseous hydrogen was observed on the surface of the oxide electrode due to the reduction of hydrogen.
During the secondary and subsequent voltage application (Fig. 1, colored branches) in the range from minus 150 to plus 450 mV, a reversible change in the transmittance of the samples occurred, corresponding to oxidation and reduction of nickel β hydroxide.
Samples obtained in the (EtCp)2Ni–О3–О2–Ar system at 680 К showed a change in optical density of 0.42 ÷ 0.65 and a staining intensity of 26.9 ÷ 30.7 cm2C-1, comparable with the literature data for nickel oxide layers (20 ÷ 40 сm2C-1) [5] and stability in cyclic tests for 1.5*104 cycles.
Staebler, Electrocoloration in SrTiO3: Vacancy drift and oxidation-reduction of transition metals, Physical Review B. 4 (1971) 3548-3557
During the secondary and subsequent voltage application (Fig. 1, colored branches) in the range from minus 150 to plus 450 mV, a reversible change in the transmittance of the samples occurred, corresponding to oxidation and reduction of nickel β hydroxide.
Samples obtained in the (EtCp)2Ni–О3–О2–Ar system at 680 К showed a change in optical density of 0.42 ÷ 0.65 and a staining intensity of 26.9 ÷ 30.7 cm2C-1, comparable with the literature data for nickel oxide layers (20 ÷ 40 сm2C-1) [5] and stability in cyclic tests for 1.5*104 cycles.
Staebler, Electrocoloration in SrTiO3: Vacancy drift and oxidation-reduction of transition metals, Physical Review B. 4 (1971) 3548-3557
Online since: October 2006
Authors: F.V. Golikov, A.S. Pozharov, E.D. Obraztsova, N.R. Arutyunyan, Serge V. Terekhov, A.I. Chernov, V.I. Konov, Liudmila Iskhakova, A.S. Lobach
Second, the reduction of a pure metal from the cobalt oxide occurred under the
flow of hydrogen at 300 Torr gas pressure.
The process of reduction and heating of the reactor from 200 0C up to 800 0C took 40 minutes.
The pressure of 10 Torr was maintained in the chamber after finishing the reduction process.
The values were close to the data published (ICPDS No. 29-0465).
The process of reduction and heating of the reactor from 200 0C up to 800 0C took 40 minutes.
The pressure of 10 Torr was maintained in the chamber after finishing the reduction process.
The values were close to the data published (ICPDS No. 29-0465).
Online since: July 2011
Authors: Ya Hui He, Gao Bao Huang, Li Zhuo Guo
In order to evaluate the efficiency of nodules of leguminous plants, the C2H2 reduction method were introduced in the early 1970s [3, 4] as a direct assay method.
But studies based on C2H2 reduction techniques need fresh nodules, this might broke the integrality of analysis in N cycle and the N2 fixation must reach enough strides to introduce enzymological assay [5].
In our previous study, strains isolated from nodules have a good performance on BNF with C2H2 reduction method, but the distribution of N derived from BNF on different parts of plant and the correlation of biomass and N2 fixation were still not clear.
Statistical analysis: Collected data were subjected to one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s test and performed using SPSS statistical software.
But studies based on C2H2 reduction techniques need fresh nodules, this might broke the integrality of analysis in N cycle and the N2 fixation must reach enough strides to introduce enzymological assay [5].
In our previous study, strains isolated from nodules have a good performance on BNF with C2H2 reduction method, but the distribution of N derived from BNF on different parts of plant and the correlation of biomass and N2 fixation were still not clear.
Statistical analysis: Collected data were subjected to one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s test and performed using SPSS statistical software.
Online since: August 2019
Authors: Sucharat Limsitthichaikoon, Chutima Sinsuebpol
All experiments were achieved in triplicate, and all data were analyzed for statistical significance by student pair t-test, one way ANOVA and least significant difference (LSD) post hoc testing using SPSS.
With low and high pH, dissociation of carboxylic acid decreased and the reduction of the density of the negative charge led to partial dissociation of PECs that affects the low absorbance of the PECs solution [5].
The DSC thermogram results suggest that the interaction of ionic polymers are formed the polyelectrolyte complex, at 59.7±0.3°C, and metronidazole loaded into PECs also occurs which found two peaks at 59.0±0.5°C and 162.5±0.5°C which observed the reduction of metronidazole peak in the DSC thermogram which caused from the formation of the metronidazole with the PECs.
In additional of metronidazole into PECs (Fig.5 B), all formulation observed the reduction of the percentage weight loss of metronidazole after incorporated into the PECs.
With low and high pH, dissociation of carboxylic acid decreased and the reduction of the density of the negative charge led to partial dissociation of PECs that affects the low absorbance of the PECs solution [5].
The DSC thermogram results suggest that the interaction of ionic polymers are formed the polyelectrolyte complex, at 59.7±0.3°C, and metronidazole loaded into PECs also occurs which found two peaks at 59.0±0.5°C and 162.5±0.5°C which observed the reduction of metronidazole peak in the DSC thermogram which caused from the formation of the metronidazole with the PECs.
In additional of metronidazole into PECs (Fig.5 B), all formulation observed the reduction of the percentage weight loss of metronidazole after incorporated into the PECs.
Online since: January 2013
Authors: Bo Wu, Xiu De Yang, Song Zhang
As a good approximative description on the exchange-correlation energy, the local functional Ceperley and Alder data as parameterized by Perdew and Zunger (CA-PZ) [11] is chosen.
With increasing Co content, Fe and V AMM suffer a rapidly nonlinear enhancement and reduction respectively, which is responsible for nonlinear change of TMM.
Moreover, a slightly linear reduction of AMM from 2.0 to 1.9μB for Co atom and from 0 to -0.06μB for Ga atom is also detected.
While as x>0.5, except for a prominent reduction of spin-up peak and enhancement of spin-down peak at 0.5eV, the DOS shape only suffer a small adjustment without prominent movements of energy bands.
With increasing Co content, Fe and V AMM suffer a rapidly nonlinear enhancement and reduction respectively, which is responsible for nonlinear change of TMM.
Moreover, a slightly linear reduction of AMM from 2.0 to 1.9μB for Co atom and from 0 to -0.06μB for Ga atom is also detected.
While as x>0.5, except for a prominent reduction of spin-up peak and enhancement of spin-down peak at 0.5eV, the DOS shape only suffer a small adjustment without prominent movements of energy bands.
Online since: May 2020
Authors: Li Hong Han, Hang Wang, Li Juan Zhu, Bo Zhao Shu, Xin Sun, Rong Li Nan
In addition, the injection pressure increased with addition in injection well and reduction in absorption water capacity.
The relationship between corrosion rate and time was established on the base of experimental data, as shown in Fig. 1.
Further observation uncovered the process of reduction in basal body.
These pit merged each other subsequently, realized the reduction in thickness finally, as shown by arrow in Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B.
The relationship between corrosion rate and time was established on the base of experimental data, as shown in Fig. 1.
Further observation uncovered the process of reduction in basal body.
These pit merged each other subsequently, realized the reduction in thickness finally, as shown by arrow in Fig. 9A and Fig. 9B.
Online since: November 2015
Authors: Yu Hai Guo, Hua Peng Zhang, Hong Yan Tang, Feng Wang, Kun Wang
The reduction ratio was 350.
Data analysis.
The main reason is that the decrease of the regeneration pressure leads to the reduction of the CO2 partial pressure in the gas phase, which promotes the regeneration mass transfer driving force in the gas phase.
Furthermore, high regeneration pressure leads to the reduction of the gas velocity and CO2 diffusion coefficient in the gas phase.
Data analysis.
The main reason is that the decrease of the regeneration pressure leads to the reduction of the CO2 partial pressure in the gas phase, which promotes the regeneration mass transfer driving force in the gas phase.
Furthermore, high regeneration pressure leads to the reduction of the gas velocity and CO2 diffusion coefficient in the gas phase.
Online since: February 2012
Authors: Tobias Husmann, Heiko Moll, Horst Meier, Jan Frischkorn, Reza Kebriaei, Stefanie Reese, Werner Theisen
This is reached in the real process in an incremental manner (increase of the height in the radial rolling gap, reduction of the height in the axial rolling gap).
But it confirms the strategy that the compaction behavior can be improved by increasing the pass reduction at the main roller.
In addition, this control mechanism has been utilized to set up a well-defined relocation of the ring during the rolling in order to influence the pass reduction at the main roller and the mandrel with the aim to reach a high compaction level of the layer material at an earlier stage (see left part of Fig. 7).
Fig. 8 (right) also presents the setup for the following practical tests for evaluation of the calculated data.
But it confirms the strategy that the compaction behavior can be improved by increasing the pass reduction at the main roller.
In addition, this control mechanism has been utilized to set up a well-defined relocation of the ring during the rolling in order to influence the pass reduction at the main roller and the mandrel with the aim to reach a high compaction level of the layer material at an earlier stage (see left part of Fig. 7).
Fig. 8 (right) also presents the setup for the following practical tests for evaluation of the calculated data.
Online since: June 2010
Authors: Karl Ulrich Kainer, Kamineni Pitcheswara Rao, Norbert Hort, K. Suresh
Using standard equations the loadstroke
data were converted into true stress - true strain curves.
However, with increased additions of Si (from 0.4-0.8 wt%), the alloys have exhibited reduction in strength, in particular with increase in temperature.
This reduction is likely due to the formation of Mg2Si particles.
Such reduction is primarily attributed to the formation of Mg2Si particles though its role is not clear
However, with increased additions of Si (from 0.4-0.8 wt%), the alloys have exhibited reduction in strength, in particular with increase in temperature.
This reduction is likely due to the formation of Mg2Si particles.
Such reduction is primarily attributed to the formation of Mg2Si particles though its role is not clear
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Ya Nan Wang, Jun He, Zhi Rong Zhu, Jun Hui Li
It can be seen that the data is in accord with conventional law.
Combined with table.3, the phenomenon is ascribed to reduction of acid strength, and it is in accordance with above mentioned.
As can be seen, the selectivity of ethylbenzene faintly decreased with reduction of conversion, and the changes of diethylbenzene and toluene content in product were contrary to that on other two zeolites.
Comparatively, the reduction of conversion was lighter over 3%La2O3-HZSM-5(Si/Al=200) with proper acid properties, reducing to 24 % from 25 % on HZSM-5.
Combined with table.3, the phenomenon is ascribed to reduction of acid strength, and it is in accordance with above mentioned.
As can be seen, the selectivity of ethylbenzene faintly decreased with reduction of conversion, and the changes of diethylbenzene and toluene content in product were contrary to that on other two zeolites.
Comparatively, the reduction of conversion was lighter over 3%La2O3-HZSM-5(Si/Al=200) with proper acid properties, reducing to 24 % from 25 % on HZSM-5.