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Presented experimental data are then compared with the results of tests on beams with regular shear FRP stirrups found in literature.
This grating consists of only perpendicularly placed fibers without any curvature so the reduction of strength in its corners does not occur.
Theoretical calculations of the shear strength of tested beams were carried out without reduction factors of strength in corners/bends.

The design of experimental sequence and analysis of experiment data were carried with the help of Design Expert, DOE software.
Vishal et al. explained the various techniques for heat reduction during high speed turning applications [3].
Dixit et al. observed that surface finish that obtained in air-cooled turning was found to be better than dry turning and also results in the reduction of wear land in CBN tools [8].

Therefore, reduction of sintering temperature and pressure is key requirements for the fabrication of SiCf/SiC composites by hot pressing method.
Therefore, reduction of the process temperature and pressure is key requirement for the fabrication of SiCf/SiC composites by hot pressing method [11].
Each data point shows the average of four tests.

For the forging industry this means a desire in reduction of forging heat and heat treatment steps, but still achieving desirably mechanical properties.
Studies concerning a further reduction of the carbon content with equal performance by adapting this alloying concept have been performed recently [13, 14].
This software allows the calculation of thermodynamic data, thermophysical properties and the phase transformation of steel directly from the current chemical composition using the well-known Kirkaldy approach [16, 18].
The reduction of area for a holding time of 15 min and several temperatures shows an approximately constant behavior of 30 to 35 %.
All those factors leading to favorable mechanical properties are beneficial for a reduction of processing time and energy.

The chemical reduction using NaBH4 was conducted to this solution as follows.
The chemical reduction using NaBH4.
After the reduction, the mixed solution was then dried in an oven at 120ºＣfor 7 h.
The chemical reduction using NaBH4 was conducted to this solution in the similar manner mentioned above.
An XPS analysis (data not shown) revealed no clear difference in the spectra measured by wide scan analysis and also that by narrow scan analysis for the appeared elements suggesting that the pulverization by the high power ultrasonication did not affect the chemical properties of the RGO surface.

Increasing the values results in a reduction of restraining forces, increasing the sizes results in the same.
When testing with lower surface pressures, a higher reduction of the coefficient of friction caused by the number and size of laser drilled micro holes can be noticed.
The shearing strain between tool and work piece as well as micro ploughing is reduced and a reduction in restraining forces can be measured.
This work provides fundamental data for tribological systems generated with liquid CO2 used as lubricant.

Rather, high discrepancy in the published data for the same nanoparticles on the physical and thermal characteristics of nanofluids is primarily due to different methods adopted by different researchers to obtain stable nanofluids.
Hence, there is a need to establish a standard method of preparation of these nanofluids so as to obtain a unified data which can eventually be utilized for the application of nanofluids.
Nanofluids could aid the industry with their unique properties leading to improved efficiency of heat exchange, reduction in the size of the system, providing greater safety and reducing the cost.
Higher sonication time does not necessarily lead to a reduction in the particle size.
Extensive data on the thermo physical properties and heat transfer characteristics of different nanofluids has been reported in literature, but the progress is hindered even today due to lack of agreement among various research findings, poor characterization of nanofluids, and lack of theoretical base to understand the mechanisms.

Afterward, these transport coefficients were used as input data for the membrane polymer model.
According to simulation data, the HCl contaminant, therefore, penetrates deeper into FOUPs walls made of PC.
This forecasting is in good agreement with experimental data obtained from HCl intentionally contaminated FOUP reported in [7] and showing a transferred HCl amount onto Cu-coated wafer of FOUPs made of EBMCNT that is only one fifth in compared to FOUPs made of PC (cf.
Fig. 8(a) and 8(b) present the results of the HCl amounts reduction in the polymers during the purge step.
A reduction of HCl concentration near surface (over ~10 µm) is evidently observed.

Finally, the calculated results were compared with experimental data, and they agreed well with each other.
However, it is not easy to handle this due to lack of proper experimental and field data.
Finally, the estimated results were compared with the experimental data in order to validate the analytical model.
Finally, spalling of concrete was observed in the compressive region with substantial reduction in the load-carrying capacity, while the concrete in the flange slightly damaged or did not even damage at all.
The average of ultimate strength between calculating results and test data is about 1.013 and standard deviation of Ftest /Fcal is about 0.018.

Although existing studies have touched upon the incorporation of WSFs in concrete, there remains a significant lack of comprehensive long-term data regarding the properties of WSF-reinforced concrete.
Specifically, reductions of 17% and 19% were noted for the 0.50% and 0.60% hybrid waste tire steel fiber mixtures, respectively.
Notably, the minimum CD of 10.41 mm recorded for 6HRC represents a 15% reduction compared to the plain concrete.
The observed reduction in water absorption in HRC specimens compared to plain concrete indicates improved pore connectivity and resistance to moisture ingress.
This reduction in the need for frequent repairs and replacements conserves natural resources and lowers carbon emissions associated with concrete production and maintenance activities.