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Online since: October 2014
Authors: Shi Xing Zhu, Yong Gang Yang, Xiao Chuan Liu
Introduction
Aircraft landing gear shock absorber is an important component of aircraft, which plays an irreplaceable role in the reduction of the body vibration, improvement of comfort and security of passenger and other aspects.
Displacement sensor, load sensor and acceleration sensor will respectively record the corresponding data.
By controlling the height of hanging basket and the value of current, several series data can be obtained at different heights and current.
The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the MR damping technology used in aircraft landing gear shock absorber can be used to improve damping efficiency and the performance of shock reduction of the aircraft landing gear.
Validation Using Experimental Data[J].
Displacement sensor, load sensor and acceleration sensor will respectively record the corresponding data.
By controlling the height of hanging basket and the value of current, several series data can be obtained at different heights and current.
The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the MR damping technology used in aircraft landing gear shock absorber can be used to improve damping efficiency and the performance of shock reduction of the aircraft landing gear.
Validation Using Experimental Data[J].
Online since: February 2013
Authors: Shi Tong Wang, Xin Hua Hou, Wei Gong, Jun Yan Chen
Empirical analysis: Principal Component Analysis
Principal component analysis (PCA) is very powerful technique which provides information on the meaningful parameters which describe the whole data set rendering data reduction with minimum loss of information [7] .
The KMO result was 0.641 and the Bartlett sphericity test was significant (0.000, p <0.01), showing that PCA could be considered appropriate and useful to provide significant reduction in data dimensionality.
The KMO result was 0.641 and the Bartlett sphericity test was significant (0.000, p <0.01), showing that PCA could be considered appropriate and useful to provide significant reduction in data dimensionality.
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Min Fan
f) the use of cloud computing provides data storage and complex business operations.
The device supports M1 encryption card consumption, and city bus card, will send the consumer credit card data to intelligent service terminal, and finally transmitted to the data resource center.
The main functions of the software platform module partition: a) server: data communication, protocol analysis and data storage.
b) the client: parameter configuration, instruction issued, basic information management, the map operation, data acquisition, card management, user management, data management, statistical statements, audio and video management, vehicle monitoring, call service, data exchange and sharing.
To realize the safety and reliability of the data transmission in real time using the GPRS network, the use of PC Oracle database technology, management and advanced treatment of data.
The device supports M1 encryption card consumption, and city bus card, will send the consumer credit card data to intelligent service terminal, and finally transmitted to the data resource center.
The main functions of the software platform module partition: a) server: data communication, protocol analysis and data storage.
b) the client: parameter configuration, instruction issued, basic information management, the map operation, data acquisition, card management, user management, data management, statistical statements, audio and video management, vehicle monitoring, call service, data exchange and sharing.
To realize the safety and reliability of the data transmission in real time using the GPRS network, the use of PC Oracle database technology, management and advanced treatment of data.
Online since: May 2025
Authors: Asad Zia, Adrian Ondak, Jaroslav Prokop, Ivan Holly
Although existing studies have touched upon the incorporation of WSFs in concrete, there remains a significant lack of comprehensive long-term data regarding the properties of WSF-reinforced concrete.
Specifically, reductions of 17% and 19% were noted for the 0.50% and 0.60% hybrid waste tire steel fiber mixtures, respectively.
Notably, the minimum CD of 10.41 mm recorded for 6HRC represents a 15% reduction compared to the plain concrete.
The observed reduction in water absorption in HRC specimens compared to plain concrete indicates improved pore connectivity and resistance to moisture ingress.
This reduction in the need for frequent repairs and replacements conserves natural resources and lowers carbon emissions associated with concrete production and maintenance activities.
Specifically, reductions of 17% and 19% were noted for the 0.50% and 0.60% hybrid waste tire steel fiber mixtures, respectively.
Notably, the minimum CD of 10.41 mm recorded for 6HRC represents a 15% reduction compared to the plain concrete.
The observed reduction in water absorption in HRC specimens compared to plain concrete indicates improved pore connectivity and resistance to moisture ingress.
This reduction in the need for frequent repairs and replacements conserves natural resources and lowers carbon emissions associated with concrete production and maintenance activities.
Online since: July 2013
Authors: Lan Fang Yao, Jun Long Kang, Xin Pei Yan, Xiong Tang
The oxidation-reduction reactions that lead to the organic pollutants translate into CO2, H2O and some mineral acids occurs between electron–hole pairs and surface substance adsorbed by solid particle .
TiO2 possesses a wide band gap (~3.2 eV) so that its absorption edge occurs below 400 nm and only about 3~5% of sunlight can be utilized to promote the oxide to generate charge carriers which play an important role in the process of reduction and oxidation.
The calculated lattice parameters in comparison with available experimental datas are shown in Table 1[6].
Lattice parameters for anatase TiO2 Parameter Experimental data Calculation Deviation a [nm] 0.3780 0.3790 0.2% c [nm] 0.9490 0.9520 0.3% c/a 2.511 2.512 0.04% The band structure and density of states.
(a) PDOS of pure anatase TiO2 (b) PDOS of Y-doped anatase TiO2 Conclusions Compared with the experimental data, this calculating method is feasible, and calculating results are reasonable.
TiO2 possesses a wide band gap (~3.2 eV) so that its absorption edge occurs below 400 nm and only about 3~5% of sunlight can be utilized to promote the oxide to generate charge carriers which play an important role in the process of reduction and oxidation.
The calculated lattice parameters in comparison with available experimental datas are shown in Table 1[6].
Lattice parameters for anatase TiO2 Parameter Experimental data Calculation Deviation a [nm] 0.3780 0.3790 0.2% c [nm] 0.9490 0.9520 0.3% c/a 2.511 2.512 0.04% The band structure and density of states.
(a) PDOS of pure anatase TiO2 (b) PDOS of Y-doped anatase TiO2 Conclusions Compared with the experimental data, this calculating method is feasible, and calculating results are reasonable.
Online since: August 2009
Authors: Wen Zhong Qu, Li Xiao
Note that this formulation is essentially used to obtain the voltage-time domain
data of the excited plate through the sensors attached to it.
Table 1 Material properties of laminate E1 (GPa) E2 (GPa) E3 (GPa) G12 (GPa) G23 (GPa) G13 (GPa) 12υ 23υ 13υ ρ (kg/m 3) 168 9.31 9.31 5.17 3.45 5.17 0.33 0.4 0.33 1610 The local distributed damage as 90% stiffness reduction in sixteen elements was considered.
Based on the beamforming algorithm, the resulting data file is a collection of signals that represent the structure response at different angles from 0º to 180º.
It can be clearly seen that for two PZT arrays the defect direction is correctly localized. 0 1 2 3 4 x 10 -4 -0.01 -0.005 0 0.005 0.01 no damage signal PAWS9 0 1 2 3 4 x 10 -4 -0.01 -0.005 0 0.005 0.01 damage signal PAWS9 0 1 2 3 4 x 10 -4 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 x 10 -3 damage reflection signal PAWS9 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.1 3.2 x 10 -4 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 x 10 -3 Fig. 3 Active PZT sensors signals Fig. 4 Damage reflection reconstructed signal 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 30 210 60 240 90 270 120 300 150 330 180 0 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 30 210 60 240 90 270 120 300 150 330 180 0 (a) Horizon PZT array (b) Vertical PZT array Fig.5 Polar plots of damage zone angle These results suggest that the cross-shaped configuration with the beam-forming procedure is able to detect the distributed damage, modeled by stiffness reduction.
With advanced signal processing techniques, these damage reflection data could be transformed to a 2-D plane domain to locate the damage in the plate.
Table 1 Material properties of laminate E1 (GPa) E2 (GPa) E3 (GPa) G12 (GPa) G23 (GPa) G13 (GPa) 12υ 23υ 13υ ρ (kg/m 3) 168 9.31 9.31 5.17 3.45 5.17 0.33 0.4 0.33 1610 The local distributed damage as 90% stiffness reduction in sixteen elements was considered.
Based on the beamforming algorithm, the resulting data file is a collection of signals that represent the structure response at different angles from 0º to 180º.
It can be clearly seen that for two PZT arrays the defect direction is correctly localized. 0 1 2 3 4 x 10 -4 -0.01 -0.005 0 0.005 0.01 no damage signal PAWS9 0 1 2 3 4 x 10 -4 -0.01 -0.005 0 0.005 0.01 damage signal PAWS9 0 1 2 3 4 x 10 -4 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 x 10 -3 damage reflection signal PAWS9 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.1 3.2 x 10 -4 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 x 10 -3 Fig. 3 Active PZT sensors signals Fig. 4 Damage reflection reconstructed signal 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 30 210 60 240 90 270 120 300 150 330 180 0 0.0005 0.001 0.0015 0.002 30 210 60 240 90 270 120 300 150 330 180 0 (a) Horizon PZT array (b) Vertical PZT array Fig.5 Polar plots of damage zone angle These results suggest that the cross-shaped configuration with the beam-forming procedure is able to detect the distributed damage, modeled by stiffness reduction.
With advanced signal processing techniques, these damage reflection data could be transformed to a 2-D plane domain to locate the damage in the plate.
Online since: January 2005
Authors: Hyun Jin Jeong, Sug Whan Kim, A Ram Kang, Jae Woo Lee
Observations, Data Reduction and Analysis
Our observations have been carried out using the Bohyunsan Optical Astronomy Observatory
(BOAO) 1.8m telescope and its BOAO Optical Echelle Spectrograph (BOES) during 14 - 17 October
2003.
Observational data and basic stellar parameters of our program stars Star R.A
The raw data were trimmed, bias-corrected, and flat-fielded using the IRAF CCDRED packages.
The echelle apertures were then extracted to form one-dimensional spectra, which were continuum-fitted and normalized, and a wavelength solution was applied following the standard IRAF echelle reduction routines.
Observational data and basic stellar parameters of our program stars Star R.A
The raw data were trimmed, bias-corrected, and flat-fielded using the IRAF CCDRED packages.
The echelle apertures were then extracted to form one-dimensional spectra, which were continuum-fitted and normalized, and a wavelength solution was applied following the standard IRAF echelle reduction routines.
Online since: January 2005
Authors: Doo Sun Choi, Tae Jin Je, Young Ho Seo, Kyung Hyun Whang
Introduction
Recently the increase in the information traffic and telecommunication speed has augmented the
pressure to improve data media storage capacity for optical data storage.
Therefore, a new patterning technology is necessary to overcome the limitation of the optical lithography. [1, 2, 3] Among several new patterning technologies, electron-beam lithography can lead to the further reduction in the minimum feature size from 0.5 ㎛ ∼ 1.0 ㎛ by the conventional optical lithography to less than 100nm.
Many researchers have investigated technologies which will bring the reduction in the process time of the electron-beam lithography.
From the experimental results, the embossed carving patterns of 100nm pit size have a huge data size and etched area, and thus result in bad patterning results.
Therefore, a new patterning technology is necessary to overcome the limitation of the optical lithography. [1, 2, 3] Among several new patterning technologies, electron-beam lithography can lead to the further reduction in the minimum feature size from 0.5 ㎛ ∼ 1.0 ㎛ by the conventional optical lithography to less than 100nm.
Many researchers have investigated technologies which will bring the reduction in the process time of the electron-beam lithography.
From the experimental results, the embossed carving patterns of 100nm pit size have a huge data size and etched area, and thus result in bad patterning results.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Li Li Dong, Fu Yan Liao, Xiang Zhang, Fu Kai Zhang
The preprocessing of the domain corpus includes segmentation and rough dimension reduction.
This process called rough dimension reduction.
Table 1 experiment Document number Experimental data Artificially statistics Results The candidate concept number concept number Correct concept number Statistical concepts number precision(%) recall(%) 300 3064 258 182 271 70.54 67.16 600 5247 302 236 311 78.15 75.88 900 6201 324 266 334 82.10 79.64 For easy comparison, this paper did an experiment for the DR + DC method which improved before, as shown in Table 3, the improved DR + DC method have been significantly improved in both precision and recall.
[5] GU Qiaox iang: Modeling techniques for product data ontology based on meta data[j].
This process called rough dimension reduction.
Table 1 experiment Document number Experimental data Artificially statistics Results The candidate concept number concept number Correct concept number Statistical concepts number precision(%) recall(%) 300 3064 258 182 271 70.54 67.16 600 5247 302 236 311 78.15 75.88 900 6201 324 266 334 82.10 79.64 For easy comparison, this paper did an experiment for the DR + DC method which improved before, as shown in Table 3, the improved DR + DC method have been significantly improved in both precision and recall.
[5] GU Qiaox iang: Modeling techniques for product data ontology based on meta data[j].
Online since: February 2014
Authors: Michele di Sivo, Filippo Angelucci
Therefore, the choice of the stone materials, to employ for a low thickness cladding of façades, derives from the data analysis, from the building characteristics, and from the verifications of joint aspects (Fig. 1).
The definition of the fixing mechanical systems is related to the elaboration of data and information on cladding typology, building location, and on the structural building solutions.
The investigation actions do not have to be limited to the simple determination of the traditional data of resistance to compression and indirect traction (for flexional stress) of the testing elements.
Main requirements and performances demanded to the structural complexes of the connection/fixing system are follows: § requirements and performances of mechanical resistance (without the overcoming of the limits of elastic behaviour of the constituent materials); § functional requirements and performances (deformation effects of the single stone element, elimination or reduction of the thermal bridges); § application requirements and performances (tolerances, facility of assembly, disassembling actions for repair and substitution of the lements).
Above all the control and the compensation of the displacements differentials (because of thermal variations, elastic deformations of the connection structure and edge beams) can allow, if not the elimination, at least a strong reduction of the internal overstressed conditions that are concentrated in the constraint points.
The definition of the fixing mechanical systems is related to the elaboration of data and information on cladding typology, building location, and on the structural building solutions.
The investigation actions do not have to be limited to the simple determination of the traditional data of resistance to compression and indirect traction (for flexional stress) of the testing elements.
Main requirements and performances demanded to the structural complexes of the connection/fixing system are follows: § requirements and performances of mechanical resistance (without the overcoming of the limits of elastic behaviour of the constituent materials); § functional requirements and performances (deformation effects of the single stone element, elimination or reduction of the thermal bridges); § application requirements and performances (tolerances, facility of assembly, disassembling actions for repair and substitution of the lements).
Above all the control and the compensation of the displacements differentials (because of thermal variations, elastic deformations of the connection structure and edge beams) can allow, if not the elimination, at least a strong reduction of the internal overstressed conditions that are concentrated in the constraint points.