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The finite element method has been widely applied to simulate the plastic flow of part materials during the forming process.
Acknowledgment The work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, PR China (Grant No.
Y1111068) and the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, PR China (Grant No.2012A610055).
Corresponding Author The information about corresponding author is as follows: Name, Kesheng Wang; Email, xclwks@126.com; Mobile phone: 15958281379 References [1] Cheng Sun, Shi-Hong Zhang, Wei Dong Tang and Zhong-Tang Wang: Materials and Manufacture Processes Vol.25(2010), P. 534 [2] Lu Xianfeng, Zhang Ruhua and Min Shuigen: Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering Vol.43(2007), P.184 [3] Ulysse P, and Johnson RE: Int.
Vol.41(1999), P.1067 [4] Zhang Shihong, Zhou Lixin and Wang Zhongtang: Journal of Plasticity Engineering Vol. 15(2008), P.31-36 [5] Hua Lin, Liu Shenglin and Xu Hao, Journal of Plasticity Engineering Vol. 15(2008), P.46 [6] Yang J.

Materials Science and Technology. 33.15 (2017): 1765-1775
Journal of Astronautics. 41.6 (2020): 676.
International Journal of Fatigue. 108 (2018): 62-67
Materials & Design. 195 (2020): 108954
Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology. 32.3 (2018): 1227-1234.

Introduction The SMART group includes materials whose certain properties change under the effect of external physical factors [1, 2, 3].
As such, these two types of materials are complementary to rather than competitive with each other.
The matrix materials mentioned in literature include silicone or butyl rubber, natural rubber, polyurethane [4-6].
Using the network response for the preceding strain and stress ranges one can obtain models for the materials in consideration.
[6] Boczkowska A., Awietjan S.: Smart composites of urethane elastomers with carbonyl iron, Journal of Materials Science, August 2009, Vol. 44, Issue 15, pp 4104-4111 [7] Abramchuk S.S., Grishin D.A., Kramarenko E.Yu., Stepanov G.V.

Introduction Hybrid composite materials are increasingly gaining attention from researchers and engineers.
Materials and method Raw materials.
The test followed the ASTM D3410M, Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials.
The matrix resin surrounds and supports the reinforcement materials by maintaining their relative positions and holds the reinforcement fibres together [6].
Rawlings, Composite Materials: Engineering and Science, Woodhead Publishing Limited, England, (2002) pp 12

Journal of nuclear materials, 2001, 288: 222-232
Journal of materials science and technology, 2013, 29(5): 480-488
Materials Science & Engineering A, 2013, 576: 118-125
Progress in materials science, 2014, 60: 130-207
Materials science and engineering A, 2009,527: 52-60.

Acknowledgement Projects supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50571073) and Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (No. 20051052) Reference [1] LI Zhi-qiang, XU Zhou, LI Xiao-ping, WANG Shuo, Materials Review, 2002, 16(2): 9-11
[2] TSAI A P, AKIHISA I, TSUYOSHI M, Journal of Materials Science letters, 1987, 6(12):1403-1405
[7] LEE S M, KIM B H, KIM S H, FLEURY E, KIM W T, KIM D H., Materials Science and Engineering, 2000, 294-296:93-98
[9] ELINA H S, TUOMO T, Materials Chemistry and Physics 2004, 85(2-3): 383-395
[14] DONG Chuang, Scripta Metallweica et Materialia, 1995, 33(2):239-243 [15] DONG Chuang, Chinese Journal of Materials Research, 1994, 8(6):481-490.

Experimental Materials and equipments.
Characterization of materials.
Zhang: Journal Biomedial Materials Research. 2002, Vol.61 (2002),p. 1
Mou, et al .: Functional Materials.
Chen: Materials Journal.

Vanadium slag is China's major vanadium raw materials, with high vanadium content,mainly from the smelting process of vanadium-titanium magnetite.
Extraction of vanadium from catalyst Raw materials of extraction of vanadium from catalyst mainly come from the petrochemical industry and sulfuric acid industry.
Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2010,34(5):769-775
Journal of Process Engineer, 2001, 1(2): 180
Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Techno logy, 2009, 11(2): 59

Experimental Details Raw Materials.
Water-reducing admixture, namely JM-Ⅲ was made by Jiangsu Building Institute of Science and Technology.
Feng: submitted to Journal of Advanced Materials Research(2012) [2] Y.
Chai: submitted to Journal of New Building Materials (2011) [3] Z.
Wang: submitted to Journal of Construction and Building Materials (2007) [6] Marta Sánchez de Juan, Pilar Alaejos Gutiérrez: submitted to Journal of Construction and Building Materials(2009)

SiC film demonstrates low friction and superior scratch and wear resistance when compared to the other materials currently used in MEMS devices [16].
The various surface roughness value of different surface materials are shown in Fig. 3.
For all of the surface materials, larger normal forces lead to smaller friction force.
Fig. 6 show the contact angle changes with various surface materials, surface roughness values, and roughness directions.
Zhao: Applied Surface Science.