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El-Tamimi1, c and A.
Nirala et al. and Rasheed et al. applied the Taguchi approach to optimize the process parameters in the drilling of micro holes using μ-EDM process [5, 6].
Jeong et al.
Al-Ahmari, A.
El-Tamimi, and M.

Azaric aAbderrahmane Belarbi, LASP, Department of Mechanical USTO MB, BP 1505 El Mnaouar Oran, Algeria.
E-mail: belarbi_abd@yahoo.fr aBensmaine Mansouri, LASP, Department of Mechanical Engineering, USTO MB, BP 1505 El Mnaouar Oran, Algeria.
E-mail: smail_mansouri @yahoo.fr aGhalem Mehdi, LASP, Department of Mechanical Engineering, USTO MB, BP 1505 El Mnaouar Oran, Algeria.
Works in this direction located these concentrations in the implant neck region (Natali and Pavan, 2002; Natali and Pavan, 2003; Djebbar et al., 2010) causing painful conditions in the jaw bone (Hoshaw et al., 1994; Jung et al., 1996; Heckmann et al., 2001).
To overcome these disadvantages, some researchers have proposed models with accessories such the intra mobile element (Babbush et al., 1987), the elastic collar around the neck of the implant (Abu-Hammad et al., 2000), or even an artificial ligament, Choi (2000) while other approaches have attempted to geometric modifications to optimize implant design according to their biomechanical performance (Papavasiliou et al., 1996; Geramy et al., 2004; Bozkaya et al., 2004; Lídia et al., 2004; Yokoyama et al., 2005).

Following George et al.[2] the columns are modeled as an elastic zone of length 2He, with a pair of plastic zones of length Lp at each end of the column.
These records are Northridge earthquake (1994, Sylmar County Hosp., 90 Degree, Peak = 0.6047g), El Centro (1940, El Centro Site, 270 Degree, Peak = 0.3569g) and San Fernando earthquake (1971, San Fernando, 159 Degree, Peak = 0.2706g).
As shown in Fig.3 elastomeric bearing reduces the ductility demand of the column 1 at bent 1 by 54%, 57% and 44% for the Northridge (NR), El-Centro (EC) and San Fernando (SF) earthquake respectively.

Zhan, et al., Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 96, (2005), p. 2132–2138
(Elsevier Academic Press, Massachusetts 2004) [8] El-Rehim, H.
[9] El-Rehim, H.
El-Mohdy, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 98, (2005), p. 1262–1270.

Hence, the total electronic cross-sections )( el,tσ for the ith element is given by the following relation [7], ∑ µ⋅=σ n i im i ii A el,t )( Z Af � 1 [4] Where if is the number of atoms of the ith element relative to the total number of atoms of all elements in alloy.
From (3) and (4), the effective atomic number )Z( eff can be given as [7], el,t a,t effZ σ σ = [5] Result and discussion 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 30 40 50 60 70 % composition of BaO,PbO,Bi2O3 Mass attenuation coefficient (cm2/g) BaO PbO Bi2O3 Figure 1.
Gerward et al.,: Rad.

Kovacs et al.; and Pikaev and Kriminskaya, have studied on radiochromic solution containing nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) chloride in polyvinyl alcohol.
El-Kelany, Radiation-sensitive indicator based on radiation-chemical formation of acids in polyvinyl butyral films containing chloral hydrate, Rad.
El-Kelany, F.
El-Kelany, and F.

El-Ghazawy, R.
El-Hamouly, A.
Al Sabagh, and M.
El‐Saeed, “Synthesis and characterization of oil sorbers based on docosanyl acrylate and methacrylates copolymers,” J.

The damper is designed to have an initial yielding at about 1 mm deformation with an initial stiffness of 75 kN/mm in the elastic range, estimated using the theory of curve beams from mechanics of materials by Boresi et al [7].
The 1940 El Centro earthquake is considered as the input disturbance with its intensity scaled to 223gal and 429 gal, respectively, to explore the seismic performance of the damper.
Figure 9 shows the comparison of the floor acceleration responses under El Centro earthquake of PGA=429 gal.
Table 2 Comparison of peak accelerations Table 3 Comparison of RMS accelerations Fig. 8 The model structure in position for seismic performance test Fig. 9 Comparison of floor acceleration responses under El Centro earthquake (PGA=?

El-Sebaii, M.R.I.
El-Sebaii, S.
Al-Nimr and Ameer Mohammed Abbas Al-Dafaie, Using nanofluids in enhancing the performance of a novel two-layer solar pond, Energy. 68 (2014) 318–326
El-Sebaii, S.
Al-Tahaineh, Performance of a portable mini solar-pond, Applied Energy. 66 (2000) 299-310

El-Boraey, and M.
Velmurugan et al., “Green synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles using Zingiber officinale root extract and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles against food pathogens,” Bioprocess Biosyst.
El-Bisi, H.
El-Rafie, M.
El-Rafie, and A.