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Black areas on the grain boundaries are ( ) phase.
Some needle can be seen inside the grains.
Black areas on the grain boundaries are secondary phase ().
The equations have to be numbered sequentially, and the number put in parentheses at the right-hand edge of the text.
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（1） Notes of the (1), Vf: precipitated particles volume fraction; N: number of precipitated particles; Djun: average diameter of precipitated particles; A: measured area The observation and statistic results are given in Table 2 and Fig. 3.
By observing the distribution of the precipitated particles, it has been found that (Nb,Ti)(C,N) has the characteristic of distribution along the grain boundary, as it is shown in Fig. 6(b).
With the temperature rising to 1000˚C, the number of precipitated particles becomes smaller, a part of precipitated particles has been dissoluble to the austenite.
According to TEM observation, there is no carbonitride particles arranged along the austenite grain boundary in the sample which is cooled to 400˚C through water quenching at 0.30˚C/min and 0.15˚C/min.
Some carbonitride particles distribute along the austenitic grain boundaries and the generation elements of carbonitride particles are under over-saturation state.

The concentration of spherical grains increases considerably and results in compact nature confirming the formation of composite [24, 25].
The resistance offered by the grain boundary is relatively high and the electron reaches the grain boundary by hopping.
The accumulated electrons in the grain boundaries result in polarization.
Y doping enhances the number of particles on the surface than inside the core of the NS (aspect ratio) thereby causing more vacancies and interstitial sites inside Ce2S3 NS.
The causes are due to space charge polarization, formation of a greater number of grain and grain boundaries, and localized accumulation of the charge under the influence of an electric field [35].

The intensity of this diffraction peak is based on the number and distribution of the corresponding atoms in the crystal.
The decrease in dielectric constant at a higher frequency can be explained on the basis that the solid is composed of well-conducting grain boundaries.
It is separated by non conducting grain boundaries when electron reach such as non conducting grain boundaries through hopping the resistance of the grain boundary is high.
Therefore, the electron piles up at the grain boundaries and produced polarization.
The high dielectric constant as a function of frequency is largely influenced by Fe2+ ions, electron displacement and defects in grain boundaries [19].

The ZnO obtained at optimum condition showed rice grain morphology as observed in SEM studies (cf.
Typical rice grain morphology for ZnO was found of the size of 30 nm (length) and 15nm (thickness) as estimated from SEM images as shown in Figure 1a.
It was observed by the HRTEM images that the nanocomposites formed at higher temperature showed nanoparticles of elongated rice grain/rod shape coated with polymer.
This caused a red shift in UV-vis absorption spectrum of nanocomposite and the FT-IR peaks shifts to lower wave number.
Conditions were controlled to get nanosized ZnO particles with definite morphology of rice grain shape.

Based on typical research, the feasibility of roof reclamation for peri-urban farmers is analyzed, and its high economic, social and ecological benefits are summarized, and pointed out that roof reclamation was an experience and a practice which was worth promoting. 1 Introduction With the rapid advance of urbanization in China, the urban space is rapidly expanding to take up a lot of suburban fertile land, resulting in a large number of land-lost farmers.
According to projections, the number of land-lost farmers in China currently should be 51 million-55.25 million[1], and if coupled with the illegally resident laborers, the number should exceed 60 million [2], while still growing at an annual speed of 2.5 million -4 million [3].
The growing number of land-lost farmers leads to increasingly serious economic and social problems, becoming the bottleneck constraining the healthy development of urbanization in China [4-6].
As the construction of Xintai Development Zone requisitioned the land of Quannan Village, the farmers' grain and vegetable growing land was substantially reduced.
Farmers after losing their land need to purchase the daily necessities such as grain and vegetables.

The interaction between a smaller abrasive particle and work-piece plays the role to plunge the work surface with a shallower depth, causing a smoother surface compared to that caused by a larger grit (smaller grit size number).
In the case that the target surface roughness is 0.25μm, the shortest machining time regarding the results shown in Fig. 1 is 12 seconds when the flap wheel of 600 grit numbers is used.
As given in Table 1, the parameter values selected were based on a number of preliminary tests and the machine limits.
This may be because of abrasive grain wear and heat that were responsible for the inefficiently grinding action, causing high surface roughness.
Furthermore, a small overlap between the flap wheel and work-piece perimeters associated with the thrust force (pressing force of flap wheel in this study) may be needed to assure a close and forceful contact between the abrasive grains and work surface in order to yield a proper plunging condition for smoothing the work surface.

Recrystallized SiC (R-SiC) can be formed by mixing comparatively course SiC powder having grain sizes on the order of 10 to several tens of mm with fine SiC powder which have grain sizes smaller than 1 mm, and then heating the resulting mixture to temperatures of more than 2000ºC.
Then, it is possible to form SiC porous material that has a continuous and evenly distributed pore structure by sintering and, grain growth.
The cycle was repeated 103 times giving due consideration to the number of times that regeneration actually occurs in motor vehicles.
Particulate Matter Emission [dW/dlog(Dp)](1/km) PM particle diameter[nm] Fig. 5: Effect of the Reduction of PM by SiC-DPF on a PSA 2l Hdi 406 (32 kph)[6] PM particle diameter [nm] The decreasing effect of the total number of particles of PM measured using the SMPS method is shown in Fig. 5.
The number of particles contained in the exhaust gas after passing through the re-crystallized SiC-DPF was nearly the same as that in the air.

It is a kind of potential application materials, especially in catalytic applications and refining matrix grain.
Refer to refining matrix grain, V is joined in hard alloy in the form of VC, which can inhibit grain growth, and still have the function of dispersion strengthening[1-4].
So after transformation of the material at low temperature (650 ˚{TTP}730 C), a large number of vanadium highoxide is transferred to vanadium lowoxide.
So the volatile of oxygen is Table 2-1 The experiment scheme and results of the second stage Number X1 X2/min X3/˚{TTP}730 C Total carbon /% deoxidizing rate /% 1 1.028 222.6 1077.7 34.1 57.58 2 0.872 222.6 1077.7 32.34 19.40 3 1.028 222.6 922.3 33.18 52.24 4 0.872 222.6 922.3 29.69 31.32 5 1.028 133.4 1077.7 22.54 67.5 6 0.872 133.4 1077.7 25.97 29.74 7 1.028 133.4 922.3 27.8 56.98 8 0.872 133.4 922.3 35.71 21.37 9 1.05 180 1000 42.76 16.22 10 0.85 180 1000 28.06 54.22 11 0.95 180 1000 30.63 40.62 12 0.95 180 1000 32.19 28.02 13 0.95 240 1000 29.5 61.6 14 0.95 120 1000 26.72 35.61 15 0.95 180 1100 31.99 26.04 16 0.95 180 900 32.91 40.62 Analysis test results above the table, the function relationship about the deoxidizing rate and the factors is （1） It’s visible from the equation that three factors are affects the rate of deoxidizing and each factor has cross influence with each other.
Because the number of gas Moore of the reaction is increase, if improve reaction pressure, the balance content of the products is to reduce.

Value of permeability P depends not only on strength property of the coke but also on its graining and on graining and properties of the rest of the charge.
It is influence by both the grain-size distribution of charge components, the thermoplastic properties of the charge, apart from the coke, the technological parameters of blast-furnace operation, and finally the behaviour of coke.
Due to the large number of factors that are likely to influence the permeability, the correlation coefficients of the dependence of permeability on coke quality may be small.
The tests carried out, and especially the division of mixes into more and less favourable, should be regarded as guidelines for the selection of a smaller number of standard mixes (e.g. 5), their verification on a larger number of samples, and implementation for the purposes of the blast furnace.