Search results

Fig. 1 Schematic of the slag cooler before retrofitting The main problems in the actual operation were: (1) The slag discharged rate was rather low and the outlet temperature of the slag was as high as 250˚C, which would frequently cause the breakdowns of the slag conveyor; (2) As for the slag inlet-tubes, much slag was leaked due to the deformation of the expansion joints and the tear of the slag cooler joints, so that the environment was polluted as well; (3) Leakage frequently occurred in the water-cooling jacket of the slag inlet-tubes; (4) After a period of operation, the castables near the joints of the slag cooler and furnace were easily exfoliated, which would be a great threat to the water wall; (5) The inner castables were easily exfoliated and the steel tended to be burnt out; (6) The reduction gears of rotation valve was frequently broken down.
The reduction gears of rotation valve were equipped with a 4kW inverter motor and a 5.5kW inverter controller.
Meanwhile, the lubrication oil easily evaporated in the over-heat environment, and it is harmful to the bearings of reduction gears that the leaked fine particles might fall into them.
Table. 2 Symbols and data values in thermodynamic calculation Symbol Meaning Unit Value Q Released heat quantity of slag kJ/h 117.29×105 Q1 Absorbed heat quantity of cooling air kJ/h 14.58×105 Q2 Absorbed heat quantity of cooling water kJ/h 102.71 Mhz Slag discharged quantity kg/h 16.24×103 T1 Temperature of slag discharged from furnace ℃ 900 T2 Temperature of slag discharged from slag cooler ℃ 150 Vlf Flow-rate of cooling air Nm3/h 19×103 T3 Inlet temperature of cooling air ℃ 25 T4 Outlet temperature of cooling air ℃ 450 Mls Flow-rate of cooling water kg/h 61.13 T5 Inlet temperature of cooling water ℃ 40 T6 Outlet temperature of cooling water ℃ 80 A series of retrofitting measures were taken referring to the calculation above.

The Policy Related to the Carbon Sequestration Wood Materials Projects States of forestation, reforestation activities can be as CDM project in the "Bonn political agreement" and "Marrakesh Accords", which defined that carbon sequestration produced by forestation, reforestation and forest management and forest restoration and other forestry activities after 1990, could be partially offset by the reduction of greenhouse gas emission limits.
REDD tended to make protect Tropical forest countries to achieve emission reduction through the way of protecting the forest [3].
Skog.K.E (2008)Analyzed the changing of projects land-use in U.S. and concluded that the transaction costs of forest sequestration projects was at least $1 / t CO2, which did not include the other costs the land owner had to pay, so he proposed to levy carbon duty to control the emission reduction costs [6].
Grainger and Kolstad (2009) analyzed impact of carbon trading and carbon tax on household income with the consumer data in U.S [7].

Unfortunately, breakdown voltages of planar junctions suffer of an acute reduction due to the well known "device edge field crowding effect", limiting the potential performance of SiC power devices.
We use the most recently published model parameters for 4H-SiC to obtain the closest agreement with the experimental data [3].
We have found that with a surface depletion of aluminium doping we can achieve a reduction of the surface electric field at breakdown up to 40% [5].
Also an effective reduction of the electric field at breakdown in comparison with the single JTE case is observed.

The ARB process has been performed mostly by two layers stacking and 50% reduction per pass.
However, if the number of stacking layers and/or the reduction per pass increases some advantages will be expected [3].
In the present investigation a 3:1 reduction per pass ARB process was applied to the commercial 7075 Al alloy at 300, 350 and 400 ºC.
The collected data were transferred to the PC and plots similar to that in Fig. 1 were constructed for each pass.

Furthermore, punching shear becomes more critical for voided slabs since voided slabs have a relatively lower shear strength than solid slabs owing to the reduction in their cross-sectional area and the punching shear strength of voided slab varies with an arrangement of voids around columns.[1,2,3] Literature Review Several experimental and analytical researches have been conducted for punching shear behavior of voided slabs.[1,2,3] These studies have noted that voided slab systems show vulnerable to deterioration in the punching shear strength owing to the use of less concrete at the slab web which resists shear.
Therefore, it was deduced that the reduction of sectional area of slab by voids was not the only cause.
(1) It was expected this tendency significantly influenced on the voided slab because most of punching shear stress was resisted by the compressive part of concrete, hence the influence of concrete reduction in web owing to voids on shear strength would diminished.
With these limited data, it was difficult to suggest a certain equation for ultimate shear stress of voided slab related with ‘b0 /d’.

The pure PVA and blending ratios of PVA/EL at 9.9/0.1 (v/v) displayed reduction in nanofiber diameter by 37% and 68%, respectively, upon increasing the applied voltage from 18 to 22 kV.
These conditions led to the reduction in repulsion to overcome the viscoelastic force, hence reduced the stretching of polymeric solution to form uniform nanofibers [16].
The electrospun membranes exhibited hydrophilicity with data below 90° indicating a great feature in influencing protein absorption to promote cell attachment [18].
In most conditions, increasing the electrospinning voltages led to the reduction in nanofiber diameter.

Introduction With the quickening pace of urban modernization, urban architectures are tending to complicated, large-scale and scale expansion, the tasks of urban disaster prevention and reduction will be more difficult, and the damages are severe (Fig1, Fig2).
According to the data of the Great Hanshin Earthquake, we respectively statistics the road’s prevailing situation after the earthquake in different regions whose seismic intensity is 6 degrees and 7 degrees in Kobe.
Available safe egress is an important measure in safe asylum, choosing relief road width and disaster-reduction marking setting as indexes could evacuate people effectively and prevent the casualties which caused by aimless asylum and congested roads.
indicator Third grade assessment indicator Emergency evacuation capacity of community Evacuation road Capability of road transportation Road width Road detour rate Road blocking rate Numbers of road entrance and exit Disaster prevention safety of specil roads Wheelchair accessible setting Fire fighting access setting Seismic performance of subgrade Damage index of road Emergency shelters Surrounding environment safety Whether source of danger or not Whether fire barrier or not Geological environment safety Section, terrain（gradient） Difficulties to arrive Distances between community buildings and temporary shelter Relief road width Disaster-reduction

It identifies the dynamic parameters of mechanical structure by physical experiments and experimental data analysis.
As the increasing of speed, bearing stiffness reduction has more obvious effect on spindle system dynamic characteristics than rotor gyroscopic moment.
In Cao’s paper, the high-speed effects including gyroscopic moment, centrifugal force, and bearing stiffness reduction had an influenced on system dynamic properties [12].
It requires research on multi-factor coupling modeling and nonlinear rotor dynamics dimension reduction.

Specimen for determination of the forming limit curves Table 3 Joining radii for determination of the forming limit curves Specimen 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 r [mm] 0 40 50 57,5 65 72,5 80 For determination of the forming limit curve a drawing device, an acquisition and data processing system and an optical system for deformation measurements ARAMIS were used (Fig. 1.b).
Thickness of the specimen In circular trajectory minimum thickness reduction is 18.5% in the descent point of the last circular punch trajectory.
In this case the workpiece thickness reduction is not uniform distributed throughout its circumference like in spiral trajectory.
Thus they can be successfully used for manufacturing automotive parts, leading to the reduction of their mass and thus to reduced fuel consumptions.

The collection software of the thermo gravimetric method has strong functions with abundant parameter analysis contents and it can automatically display the results of data analysis; moreover, the weight loss of coke powder can be measured on line with visual and clear weight loss curves.
In the analysis on the reaction mechanism, on the one hand, the reduction of the coke solution-loss reaction temperature may lead to the early generation of the gasification reaction between coke and CO2 and the solution loss of coke itself accelerates.
Then the coke deterioration becomes more and more obvious; on the other hand, the declining coke solution loss reaction starting temperature may move the direct reduction area upwards with the increasing effective thermal consumption in the blast furnaces.
It could raise the consumption of reduction agents indirectly and correspondently the coke ratio will increase.