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This fifth conference on Molten Salt Chemistry and Technology focused mainly on applied science and questions of technological concern, but also included aspects of fundamental research.
Comprising 119 contributions, the proceedings of the conference cover the recent developments and areas of current research in the field of Molten Salt Chemistry and Technology.

This factor can be used to represent the chemistry of any stainless steel grade.
It has been documented in literature [3-4] that the quality of cast material is influenced by its solidification structure, extent of microsegregation , and the high-temperature strength and ductility.
Stainless steel encompassess a wide chemistry range with many alloying elements.
Austenite structure in solid shell is schematically shown in Fig. 4.
Sticking Grades Depression Grades AISI-430 or 310 AISI-304 Fig. 4: Schematic of austenite grain structure in solid shell Classification of Solidification Behaviour The solidification aspects elucidated till now need to be consolidated for developing an integrated understanding on the specific role of steel chemistry.

Study on a Structure of Manganese Oxide, Mn3O6(H2O)2 Hai-Xing Liu1,a, Huan-Mei Guo1,b, Kai-Qi Ye2,c, Jing-Zhong Xiao3,d, Guang Zeng4,e 1 Chemistry & Chemical and Environmental Engineering College, Weifang University, Weifang 261061, P.R.
China 2 State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R.
China 3 Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-516, Portugal 4 State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R.
The crystal data and structure refinement is shown in Table 1.
ZR2010BL025)，Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials (No. sklssm201323)(Jilin University), State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry (No. 2011-13)(Jilin University).

All of three models can give a suitable prediction of axial velocity on combustible patticle coal MILD combustion because turbulence-chemistry interaction models have little influence on flow field and flow structure.
The combustion models focus on turbulence-chemical interaction, the difference between three models mainly reflects on the control ability of chemical reaction rate, there is little influence on flow field and flow structure.
EDC based on advanced finite rate chemistry with both global detail kinetic mechanisms, provide credible numerical value to slow chemical reactions.
For this reason, PDF and EBU, Infinitely fast chemistry turbulence-chemistry models, cannot produce correctly prediction for MILD combustion.
Therefore, EDC based on advanced finite rate chemistry have a more correct result on MILD combustion.

MUHD FIRDAUS Kasim1,3, a, NORLIDA Kamarulzaman2,3,b*, SURAYA Ahmad Kamil2,3,c 1Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia 2School of Physics and Materials Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia 3Centre for Nanomaterials Research, Institute of Science, Level 3 Block C, Old Engineering Building, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia afirdauskasim88@gmail.com, b*norlyk@salam.uitm.edu.my, cSuraya_ak@salam.uitm.edu.my Keywords: ZnO, Cu substituted in ZnO, soft chemistry method Abstract.
The Zn(1-x)CuxO (x=0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05) materials were prepared via a simple soft chemistry method without using any chelating agents.
EXPERIMENTAL In this work, samples of Zn(1-x)CuxO (x= 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05) were done by using a soft chemistry method.
All the samples are single phase having the hexagonal structure according to the ICDD reference number 01-089-0511except for the last sample, Zn0.95Cu0.05O (Fig. 1 (f)).
Sample Element Atomic % (measured) Atomic % (calculated) Spot 1 Spot 2 Zn0.97Cu0.03O Cu 3.08 2.99 3.00 Zn 96.92 97.01 97.00 Zn0.95Cu0.05O Cu 5.55 12.56 5.00 Zn 94.45 87.44 95.00 CONCLUSION The Cu substituted in ZnO has been successfully synthesized via a simple soft chemistry method without the use of any chelating agents.

Experimental In this paper six chemical mixtures for Cu seed etch will be assessed: an aqueous alkali chemistry (alkali 1), a diluted version of this alkali 1 (diluted alkali 1), a second alkali chemistry (alkali 2), diluted Sulfuric and Peroxide Mixture (dSPM), phosphoric-acid-based chemistry and a phosphonate-based chemistry.
Results and discussion Cu seed etch chemistry selection As summarized in figure 1, the alkali 2 chemistry is yielding smooth bumps and is well in spec concerning the lateral etch.
This chemistry could be considered if Ti was used as an adhesion layer.
Cu seed etch on 20 um and 10 um with alternative chemistries.
However on patterned structure Cu seed etch residues were observed.

Synthesis and characterization of linear polymers for Non-Linear Optics through click chemistry route Balakrishna Kolli1, Sarada P Mishra1, M.
Click chemistry is used for synthesizing polymers for second order NLO study.
Chem. 2011(accepted) In the present work we synthesized two linear polymers containing azo chromophore as a dipole by copper catalyzed click chemistry.
The film forming ability may be due to more rigid structure of P1 compare to P2; availability of less number of flexible groups in polymer P1.
This may due to more rigid structure of polymer P1 compared to P2.

Organic synthesis chemistry is a very fast-growing discipline and it plays a very important role in chemistry.
System Structure Chemical Reactor.
At present, the development of green chemistry has become a hot.
[4] Okawara Makoto: Role of organic synthesis in polymer chemistry, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Vol. 47(1989), p. 970-983
[6] Lu Xiyan: Green Chemistry and Organic Synthesis and Atom Economy in Organic Synthesis, Progress in Chemistry Vol. 10(1998), p. 123-130, in Chinese

Study on novel structure of gadolinium complex : Gd (C3 H6O9) Haixing Liu1,a Limei Wan1,b Qingzhi Pan2,c Huijuan Yue2,d Guang Zeng2,e Xishi Tai1,f 1 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang 261061, P.R.
China 2 State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P.R.
Results and discussions The title complex crystal structure is shown in Fig.1.
The crystal data and structure refinement is shown in Table 1.
ZR2010BL025)，State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry (Jilin University)(No. 2011-13) , “MOE Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science (Nanjing University)(No.

Khabibullin Composition of spiral structures during petroleum carbon crystallization at the metal surface, Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils, (1984) 29-30
Krasyukov, Petrol coke, Chemistry, Moscow, 1966
Syunyaev, Petroleum carbon, Chemistry, Moscow, 1980
Vergazova, Supermolecular structures impact on petroleum carbon formation, Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils, (1980) 45-48
Lewis, Chemistry of carbonization, Carbon, (1982) 519-529